Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Ethics-Law and History

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Yaşlılarda İlaç Kullanım Hataları: Bir Sistematik Derleme
Medication Use Errors in Elderly: A Systematic Review
Seyfi DURMAZa, Safiye ÖZVURMAZb, Merve KIRŞAN BÜYÜKTARAKÇIc, Ayla AYKAÇ KOÇAKc
aEge Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Halk Sağlığı ABD, İzmir, TÜRKİYE
bAydın Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi, Halk Sağlığı Hemşireliği ABD, Aydın, TÜRKİYE
cAydın Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Halk Sağlığı Hemşireliği ABD, Aydın, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Ethics. 2021;29(1):102-10
doi: 10.5336/mdethic.2020-76735
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Bu araştırmada, yaşlılarda ilaç kullanım hataları konusunda yayımlanmış olan çalışmaların gözden geçirilmesi ve elde edilen verilerin sistematik biçimde incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma, Ocak 2015 ve Ocak 2020 tarihleri arasında, 'Google Scholar, Google Akademik, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, ClinicalKey, Scopus, CINAHL/MEDLINE' veri tabanlarında ve araştırmacılar tarafından belirlenen anahtar kelimeler ile ulaşılan ulusal ve uluslararası çalışmalar taranarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yaşlılarda ilaç kullanım hatalarına ilişkin verileri içeren, yayın dili Türkçe ve İngilizce olan, son 5 yılda yayımlanmış ve tam metnine ulaşılabilen makaleler seçilmiştir. Bu makalelerden araştırma kriterlerini karşılayan toplam 9 çalışma, sistematik derlemenin örneklemini oluşturmuştur. Çalışmaya dâhil edilen 9 araştırmanın 7'si tanımlayıcı, 1'i tanımlayıcı-kesitsel tipte, 1'i de nitel araştırma tasarımına sahiptir. Çalışmalarda araştırmacılar tarafından literatür doğrultusunda geliştirilen anket formları, ''Akılcı İlaç Kullanımına Yönelik Bilgi ve Davranışların Değerlendirilmesi Anketi'' ile derinlemesine yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme tekniği kullanılmıştır. Değerlendirmeye alınan çalışmaların sonuçlarına göre yaşlıların en çok yapmış olduğu ilaç kullanım hatalarının; ilaçlarını zamanında kullanmama, reçetesiz ilaç kullanma/ yakın tavsiyesi ile ilaç kullanma ve kendi kararı ile ilaçlarını kullanmayı bırakma olarak tespit edilmiştir. Diğer ilaç kullanım hataları ise ilaçlarını yanlış dozda alma, ilaçlarını almayı unutma, eski reçeteden arta kalan ilaçları kullanmak üzere saklama, ilaçlarını karıştırma, ilaçların son kullanma tarihine dikkat etmeme, ilaç doz formunda değişiklik yapma ve kullanmadığı ilaçları arkadaşlarına veya komşularına verme şeklindedir. Bu sistematik derleme sonucunda yaşlı bireylerin en çok; ilaçlarını zamanında kullanmama, reçetesiz ilaç kullanma/yakın tavsiyesi ile ilaç kullanma ve kendi kararı ile ilaçlarını kullanmayı bırakma şeklinde hatalar yaptığı sonucuna varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: İlaç kullanım hataları; sistematik derleme; yaşlı
ABSTRACT
 In this study, it is aimed to review the published studies on medication use errors in elderly and to systematically analyze the obtained data. This study was carried out by scanning national and international studies between January 2015 and January 2020, in databases of ''Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, ClinicalKey, Scopus, CINAHL/MEDLINE'' and with the keywords determined by the researchers. Articles containing data on medication use errors in elderly, published in Turkish and English, published in the last 5 years and whose full text can be accessed were selected. A total of 9 studies that met the research criteria from these articles constituted the sample of the systematic review. Of the 9 studies included in the study, 7 have descriptive design, 1 has descriptivecross-sectional design and 1 has qualitative research design. In the studies, was used the questionnaire forms developed by the researchers in line with the literature, ''The Questionnaire for Evaluating Information and Behaviors Regarding Rational Drug Use'' with in-depth semi-structured interview technique. According to the results of the studies, the most common medication use errors made by elderly are; not to use their medicines on time, to use over-the-counter medication/ to use medications on the advice of relatives and to stop using their medicines at their own decision. Other medication use errors are; taking the medication in wrong dose, forgetting to take medication, storing the medicines left over from the old prescription, mixing the medicines, not paying attention to the expiration date of the medicines, making changes to the medication dosage form and giving the medicines to friends or neighbors. As a result of this systematic review, most of the elderly individuals; It was concluded that he did not make use of his medicines on time, use medications without a prescription/ use medications with close advice and stop using his own medications at his own decision.

Keywords: Medication use errors; systematic review; elderly
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