Journal of Literature Pharmacy Sciences

Ticari Değere Sahip Tıbbi ve Aromatik Bitkisel Droglar
Medicinal and Aromatic Herbal Drogs with Commercial Value
Tuba MERT GÖNENÇa, Emine Nur ÖZBEKb
aİzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi Eczacılık Fakültesi, Farmakognozi ABD, İzmir, TÜRKİYE
bEge Üniversitesi Eczacılık Fakültesi, Farmakoloji ABD, İzmir, TÜRKİYE
J Lit Pharm Sci. 2020;9(3):240-9
doi: 10.5336/pharmsci.2020-74261
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Tıbbi ve aromatik bitkiler, başta sağlık ve gıda olmak üzere pek çok alanda hayatımızda yer alırlar. Geçmişten günümüze kadar insanlık tarihinde, uğrunda savaşlar çıkacak kadar değerli olmuşlardır. Günümüzde 'doğala dönüş' anlayışının gelişmesiyle, tıbbi ve aromatik bitkilerin hayatımızdaki yeri ve ticari değeri gün geçtikçe artmaktadır. Buna bağlı olarak bitkisel drog ticareti, dünya pazarında giderek artan önemli bir paya sahip olmaktadır. Ticareti yapılan bitkiler sadece ham drog olarak değil, uçucu yağlar, sabit yağlar ve ekstreler gibi pek çok bitkisel ürünün başlangıç maddesi olarak da kullanılmakta ve piyasaya sunulmaktadır. Türkiye, yabani tıbbi ve aromatik bitkisel kaynak zenginliğinin yanı sıra ticari değere sahip aromatik ve tıbbi bitki kültürüne de elverişli bir konumdadır. Bu yönden büyük bir ekonomik potansiyele sahiptir ve bu potansiyeli yeterli seviyede değerlendirebilmeyi, bu alandaki ticari hacmini genişletebilmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bitkisel droglar ve bunlardan hazırlanan ürünler, ticari olarak net bir şekilde sınıflandırma sistemine alınamadığı için dünyadaki üretim miktarlarını, ithalat ve ihracat verilerini net olarak tespit etmek oldukça zordur. Bu çalışmada, tıbbi ve aromatik bitkisel drog ticaretinin geçmişten günümüze dünyadaki ve Türkiye'deki durumu bilimsel ve istatistiksel veriler eşliğinde derlenmiş, bazı sorunların çözümüne yönelik önerilere yer verilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Tıbbi ve aromatik bitkiler; drog; ticaret
ABSTRACT
 Medicinal and aromatic plants take part in our lives, especially in health and food. From the past to the present, they have been valuable enough to have wars in human history. Today, with the development of 'return to nature' understanding, the place and commercial value of medicinal and aromatic plants are increasing day by day. Accordingly, medicinal and aromatic herbal drug trade has an increasingly important share in the world market. Traded plants are not only used as raw drugs but also as a starting material for many herbal products such as essential oils, fixed oils and extracts. Turkey in addition to the abundance of wild resources of medicinal and aromatic plants, ıt is also suitable for the culture. It has a great economic potential in this respect. Turkey aims to evaluate this potential and to expand its commercial volume sufficiently. Herbal drugs and products cannot be clearly classified commercially therefore, it is very difficult to clearly determine the production quantities, import and export data. In this study, the status of medicinal and aromatic herbal drug trade were investigated in Turkey and in the world. Scientific and statistical data are provided and suggestions for some problems were given.

Keywords: Medicinal and aromatic plants; drog; trade
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