Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Gerontology

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Gerontolojide Otobiyografik Metot Olarak Rehberli Otobiyografi: Geleneksel Derleme
Guided Autobiography as an Autobiographical Method in Gerontology: Traditional Review
Deniz PAMUKa
aMuş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Gerontoloji Bölümü, Muş, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Gerontol. 2023;2(2):62-8
doi: 10.5336/jgeront.2023-100927
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Rehberli otobiyografi, bireylerin yaşam öykülerini yazmalarına yardımcı olan yarı yapılandırılmış bir yaşamı gözden geçirme metodudur ve Gerontolog James Birren tarafından geliştirildiğinden bu yana çeşitli şekillerde kullanılmaya devam etmektedir. Rehberli otobiyografi, yaşamı gözden geçirme ve anımsama metotlarına dayanarak geliştirilmenin yanında, onlardan farklı olarak bir grup deneyimi sunmaktadır ve yalnız ölüm öncesi dönemi değil, yaşamın tamamını kapsamaktadır. Bu metot, belirli bir plan dâhilinde, her oturumda ikişer sayfa otobiyografi yazımı ve sesli olarak grup içerisinde okumayı içermektedir. Böylece katılımcılar hem yaşamlarındaki belirli temaları gözden geçirirken hem de başkalarını dinleyerek sosyal becerilerini geliştirme, empati, öz güven artışı gibi katkılar elde etmektedir. Bu makalede de ''Gerontolojik uygulama türü olarak rehberli otobiyografinin kullanım alanları nelerdir?'' sorusuna geleneksel derleme ile yanıt aranmıştır. Bu soruya yanıt bulmak amacıyla, öncelikle rehberli otobiyografiye ilişkin süreç, grup lideri ve grup katılımcılarının özellikleri ile gruba ilişkin kurallar hakkında bilgi verilmiş, sonrasında bu metot ile yapılan çalışmalardan söz edilmiştir. Günümüzde yalnız yaşlılık değil, yaşlanma süreci ile ilgili olarak çeşitli şekillerde yararlanılabilen bu metot, gerontoloji alanında serbest zaman aktivitesi, eğitim, terapi, sözlü tarih ve böylece önceki kuşakları anlama, danışmanlık gibi çeşitli alanlarda katkı sağlamaktadır. Ülkemizde de koronavirüs hastalığı-2019 pandemisi süresince Tazelenme Üniversitesi öğrencilerine gerçekleştirilen uygulamalar arasında yer almıştır. Ayrıca, geleneksel temaların yanında, özel gruplara ilişkin belirli temalar oluşturulabilmektedir ve bir araştırma materyali olarak kullanılabilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Rehberli otobiyografi; anımsama; yaşlılarla grup aktivitesi
ABSTRACT
 Guided autobiography is a semi-structured life review method that helps people write their life stories and has been in various forms since it was developed by Gerontologist James Birren. Guided autobiography is developed based on life review and reminiscence methods, but differently, it offers a group experience and covers both the end of life period and the entire life. This method involves writing a 2-page autobiography with a specific plan and reading it out loud in a group. In this way, individuals contribute to improving their social skills, empathy and growth by both reviewing certain themes in their lives and listening to others. In this article, the answer to the question of what are the uses of guided autobiography as a type of gerontological application has been sought through a traditional review. In order to find an answer to this question, first of all, information was given about the process of guided autobiography, the characteristics of the group leader and group participants, and the rules of the group, and then the studies carried out with this method were mentioned. Today, this method, which can be used in various ways not only regarding old age but also the aging process, provides support in various fields such as free time activity, education, therapy, oral history and therefore understanding previous generations and education in the field of gerontology. In our country, In our country, it was among the applications carried out for Tazelenme University students during the coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic. In addition to traditional themes, specific themes for special groups can be created and used as research material.

Keywords: Guided autobiography; reminiscence; group activities with older people
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