Amaç: Hepatit C virüsü (HCV) enfeksiyonu, genellikle asemptomatik enfeksiyon oluşturmasına rağmen %85'lere varan kronikleşme oranı, karaciğer sirozu ve hepatoselüler karsinomunun en önemli sebeplerinden olması, etkin bir aşısının olmaması nedeni ile önemli bir halk sağlığı sorunudur. Genotiplerin belirlenmesi HCV'nin epidemiyolojik verilerin toplanmasında, antiviral tedavinin şekillendirilmesinde ve prognozunun ön görülmesinde önem taşımaktadır. Hastanemiz farklı uyruktan hastaların sıkça başvurduğu oldukça geniş bir bölgeye hizmet etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, hastanemizde HCV ile enfekte Türk ve yabancı uyruklu hastalarda HCV genotip farklılıklarının ve bu durumun yıllara göre dağılımının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Retrospektif, tek merkezli gözlemsel olan bu çalışmada Ocak 2012-Aralık 2019 tarihleri arasında HCV RNA'sı pozitif, genotiplendirmesi yapılmış hastalar değerlendirmeye alındı. Hastaların demografik özellikleri, başvuru tarihleri, ırk ve HCV genotipleri hastane bilgi sistemi üzerinden bulunarak kaydedildi. Bulgular: Ocak 2012-Aralık 2019 tarihleri arasında HCV RNA'sı >1.000 IU/mL olan 413 hasta değerlendirilmeye alındı. Hastaların %51,33'ü erkek, ortalama yaş 54,38±16,28 yıldı. Genel genotip dağılımı incelendiğinde ilk sırada genotip (GT)1'in %78,69, ardından GT3 ve GT2, GT4 gelmektedir. Sonuç: Yabancılara tedavi verilememesi ve sığınmacıların kontrolünün sağlanamaması durumunda gelecek yıllarda HCV genotiplerin epidemiyolojinin değişebileceğini düşünmekteyiz.
Anahtar Kelimeler: HCV; genotip; sığınmacılar
Objective: Although hepatitis C virüs (HCV) infection is usually asymptomatic, it is an important public health problem because of its chronicity rate up to 85%, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma being the most important causes and lack of an effective vaccine. It is important to collect epidemiological data of HCV, to determine the genotype in planning antiviral therapy and to determine prognosis. Our hospital serves a wide area where patients from different nationalities frequently apply. The aim of this study was to determine HCV genotype differences and the distribution of HCV genotypes in Turkish and foreign patients infected with HCV in our hospital. Material and Methods: In this retrospective, singlecenter observational study, patients with positive HCV RNA and genotyping were evaluated. The demographic characteristics, admission dates, race and HCV genotypes of the patients were determined through the hospital information system. Results: Between January 2012-December 2019, 413 patients with HCV RNA> 1.000 IU/mL were included in the study. While 51.33% of the patients were male, the average age was 54.38±16.28 years, When the general genotype distribution was examined, it was found that genotype (GT)1 was 78.69%, followed by GT3, GT2 and GT4. Conclusion: However, we think that the epidemiology of HCV genotypes may change in the coming years if treatment is not provided to foreigners and the control of immigrant is not achieved.
Keywords: HCV; genotypes; immigrants
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