Dünya genelinde olduğu gibi ülkemizde de yaşlı nüfus giderek artmaktadır. Bilim, teknoloji ve tıp alanlarındaki gelişmelere paralel olarak, yaşam standartları artmakta ve yaşlı bireyler geçmişe göre daha aktif ve bağımsız yaşamaktadırlar. Yaşlı bireyler; daha aktif olmalarına, yaşlanmaya bağlı anatomik ve fizyolojik değişikliklere bağlı olarak travmaya daha yatkın olmaktadırlar. Ayrıca yaşlı bireylerde görülen travmalarda yaş, başlı başına bir risk faktörü olabilmektedir. Travma yaşlı bireylerde morbidite ve mortalitenin önde gelen nedenlerinden biridir. Yaşlı bireylerde travma, tıbbi sorunların bir nedeni olabileceği gibi tıbbi sorunların bir sonucu da olabilmektedir. Yaşlanmaya bağlı olarak görülen anatomik ve fizyolojik değişiklikler nedeniyle travmaya maruziyetlerde yaşlı bireylerde travmanın şiddeti genç bireylere göre daha fazla olabilmektedir. Travmalara maruziyet sonrasında yaşlı bireylerde hastanede kalma süresi uzamakta ve hareketlilik daha fazla azalabilmekte ve yatağa ve başka bireylere bağımlılık artabilmektedir. Bu gibi nedenlerle yaşlı bireylerde travma bireylerin ve toplumların ekonomilerini daha fazla olumsuz olarak etkileyebilmektedir. Yaşlı nüfusun artmasıyla yaşlı travma vakalarıyla hastane öncesi acil sağlık hizmetlerinde daha da fazla karşılaşılacaktır. Hastane öncesi acil sağlık hizmeti çalışanları, yaşlı bireylerdeki yaş grubuna özgü değişiklikleri bilerek yaşlı travma vakasının yönetimini yapabilmelidirler. Hastane öncesi sağlık çalışanları, yaşlı bireylerdeki travma yönetiminin erişkin travma yönetiminden farklılıklar gösterdiğini bilmelidirler. Biz bu derlememizde, yaşlı bireylerde görülen travmalardaki değişiklikleri ve hastane öncesi yönetimindeki farklılıkları belirtmeyi amaçladık.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Yaşlı; hastane öncesi acil bakım; travma
As in the whole world, the elderly population is gradually increasing in our country. In parallel with the developments in science, technology and medicine, living standards increase and older individuals live more actively and independently than in the past. Older people are more prone to trauma due to being more active and anatomical and physiological changes due to aging. In addition, age itself can be a risk factor for trauma in older people. Trauma is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in older people. Trauma in older people can be a cause of medical problems as well as a result of medical problems. Due to the anatomical and physiological changes seen due to aging, the severity of trauma in older people may be higher than in young people when exposed to trauma. After exposure to traumas, the hospital stay is prolonged in older people, mobility may decrease further, and dependence on the bed and other people may increase. For such reasons, trauma in older people may have a more negative impact on the economies of individuals and societies. With the increase in the elderly population, elderly trauma cases will be encountered more and more in pre-hospital emergency health services. Pre-hospital emergency health care workers should be able to manage the elderly trauma case by knowing the age-specific changes in older people. Pre-hospital health workers should know that trauma management in elderly people differs from adult trauma management. In this review, we aimed to determine the changes in traumas seen in older people and the differences in prehospital management.
Keywords: Elderly; prehospital emergency care; trauma
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