Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of interventions based on the PRECEDE-PROCEED Health Promotion Model on the level of fear, anxiety, and depression related to COVID-19 among nurses and porters during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and Methods: This study was conducted as a quasi-experimental study at a tertiary care pandemic hospital. Various interventions based on the PRECEDE-PROCEED Health Promotion Model were planned (education, personnel protective equipment support ... etc.) during the pandemic to decrease anxiety, depression, and fear of COVID-19. All nurses and porters were invited to the study via e-mail during the COVID-19 pandemic (n=716). The effectiveness of these interventions was assessed using the "Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale," "Fear of COVID-19 Scale," and "COVID-19 Phobia Scale." Results: Four hundred fifty-one healthcare professionals agreed to participate in the study. All nurses and porters who were included in the interventions and completed both the pre-test and post-test were included in the analysis (n=87). The research initiatives are statistically effective in reducing the level of fear (2.55 vs 2.10, p<0.001), anxiety (2.51 vs 2.11, p<0.001), and depression (2.44 vs 2.22, p<=0.010) spread among healthcare workers working during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion: Hospital managers should plan simple and effective initiatives to increase the well-being of healthcare workers by reducing their anxiety, depression and fear levels during pandemics. The PRECEDE-PROCEED Health Promotion Model is one of the most effective models in planning these initiatives.
Keywords: COVID-19; health personnel; health promotion; pandemics
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, koronavirüs hastalığı-2019 [coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19)] pandemisinin ilk dalgasında hemşire ve portörler arasında yayılan korku, anksiyete ve depresyon düzeyleri üzerinde PRECEDE- PROCEED Sağlığı Geliştirme Modeli'ne uygun planlanan araştırma girişimlerinin etkinliğini değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışma 300 yatak kapasiteli bir pandemi hastanesinde, yarı deneysel araştırma esaslarına uygun olarak yürütülmüştür. Araştırma kapsamında sağlık çalışanları arasında yayılan korku, anksiyete ve depresyon düzeylerini düşürmek amacıyla PRECEDE-PROCEED Sağlığı Geliştirme Modeli esaslarına uygun bir dizi girişim planlanmıştır. COVID-19 pandemisinin ilk dalgasında hastanede görev yapan, girişimlere dâhil olan tüm hemşire ve portörler (n=716) eposta ile çalışmaya davet edildi. Araştırma girişimlerinin etkinliği, geçerliği ve güvenirliği sağlanmış ''Hastane Anksiyete ve Depresyon Ölçeği'', ''COVID19 Korku Ölçeği'' ve COVID-19 Fobi Ölçeği'' ile değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılmak için 451 sağlık çalışanı gönüllü oldu. Planlanan girişimlere dâhil olan, ön-test ve son-testi tamamlayan 87 çalışanın verileri analize dâhil edildi. PRECEDE-PROCEED Sağlığı Geliştirme Modeli'ne uygun olarak planlanan girişimlerinin (eğitim, kişisel koruyucu ekipman desteği, izolasyon hazırlık alanlarının düzenlemesi, hastane yöneticilerinin günlük kat ziyaretleri vb.) COVID-19 pandemisinde görev yapan sağlık çalışanları arasında yayılan korku (2,55/2,10, p<0,001), anksiyete (2,51/2,11, p<0,001) ve depresyon (2,44/2,22, p<=0,010) düzeyini istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede düşürdüğü tespit edildi. Sonuç: Pandemi döneminde sağlık çalışanlarının anksiyete, depresyon ve korku düzeylerini azaltarak; iyilik hâllerini artırmak için hastane yöneticileri araştırmacılar ve bakanlık yetkililerinin desteğini alarak basit ve etkili girişimler planlanmalıdır. Bu girişimlerin planlanmasında, PRECEDE-PROCEED Sağlığı Geliştirme Modeli en etkili modellerden biridir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: COVID-19; sağlık personeli; sağlığın geliştirilmesi; pandemi
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