Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
The Effectiveness of the PRECEDE-PROCEED Health Promotion Model to Decrease Fear, Anxiety, and Depression Among Healthcare Workers During a Pandemic: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Pandemide Sağlık Çalışanları Arasında Yayılan Korku, Anksiyete ve Depresyon Düzeyleri Üzerinde PRECEDE-PROCEED Sağlığı Geliştirme Modeli'nin Etkinliği: Yarı Deneysel Araştırma
Bahar MADRANa , Ayşe BEŞERb , Önder ERGÖNÜLc,d
aAmerican Hospital, Clinic of Infection Control, İstanbul, Türkiye
bKoç University Faculty of Nursing, Department of Public Health Nursing, İstanbul, Türkiye
cKoç University İş Bank Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, İstanbul, Türkiye
dKoç University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, İstanbul, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2024;16(1):103-11
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2023-98607
Article Language: EN
Full Text
ABSTRACT
 Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of interventions based on the PRECEDE-PROCEED Health Promotion Model on the level of fear, anxiety, and depression related to COVID-19 among nurses and porters during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and Methods: This study was conducted as a quasi-experimental study at a tertiary care pandemic hospital. Various interventions based on the PRECEDE-PROCEED Health Promotion Model were planned (education, personnel protective equipment support ... etc.) during the pandemic to decrease anxiety, depression, and fear of COVID-19. All nurses and porters were invited to the study via e-mail during the COVID-19 pandemic (n=716). The effectiveness of these interventions was assessed using the "Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale," "Fear of COVID-19 Scale," and "COVID-19 Phobia Scale." Results: Four hundred fifty-one healthcare professionals agreed to participate in the study. All nurses and porters who were included in the interventions and completed both the pre-test and post-test were included in the analysis (n=87). The research initiatives are statistically effective in reducing the level of fear (2.55 vs 2.10, p<0.001), anxiety (2.51 vs 2.11, p<0.001), and depression (2.44 vs 2.22, p<=0.010) spread among healthcare workers working during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion: Hospital managers should plan simple and effective initiatives to increase the well-being of healthcare workers by reducing their anxiety, depression and fear levels during pandemics. The PRECEDE-PROCEED Health Promotion Model is one of the most effective models in planning these initiatives.

Keywords: COVID-19; health personnel; health promotion; pandemics
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, koronavirüs hastalığı-2019 [coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19)] pandemisinin ilk dalgasında hemşire ve portörler arasında yayılan korku, anksiyete ve depresyon düzeyleri üzerinde PRECEDE- PROCEED Sağlığı Geliştirme Modeli'ne uygun planlanan araştırma girişimlerinin etkinliğini değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışma 300 yatak kapasiteli bir pandemi hastanesinde, yarı deneysel araştırma esaslarına uygun olarak yürütülmüştür. Araştırma kapsamında sağlık çalışanları arasında yayılan korku, anksiyete ve depresyon düzeylerini düşürmek amacıyla PRECEDE-PROCEED Sağlığı Geliştirme Modeli esaslarına uygun bir dizi girişim planlanmıştır. COVID-19 pandemisinin ilk dalgasında hastanede görev yapan, girişimlere dâhil olan tüm hemşire ve portörler (n=716) eposta ile çalışmaya davet edildi. Araştırma girişimlerinin etkinliği, geçerliği ve güvenirliği sağlanmış ''Hastane Anksiyete ve Depresyon Ölçeği'', ''COVID19 Korku Ölçeği'' ve COVID-19 Fobi Ölçeği'' ile değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılmak için 451 sağlık çalışanı gönüllü oldu. Planlanan girişimlere dâhil olan, ön-test ve son-testi tamamlayan 87 çalışanın verileri analize dâhil edildi. PRECEDE-PROCEED Sağlığı Geliştirme Modeli'ne uygun olarak planlanan girişimlerinin (eğitim, kişisel koruyucu ekipman desteği, izolasyon hazırlık alanlarının düzenlemesi, hastane yöneticilerinin günlük kat ziyaretleri vb.) COVID-19 pandemisinde görev yapan sağlık çalışanları arasında yayılan korku (2,55/2,10, p<0,001), anksiyete (2,51/2,11, p<0,001) ve depresyon (2,44/2,22, p<=0,010) düzeyini istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede düşürdüğü tespit edildi. Sonuç: Pandemi döneminde sağlık çalışanlarının anksiyete, depresyon ve korku düzeylerini azaltarak; iyilik hâllerini artırmak için hastane yöneticileri araştırmacılar ve bakanlık yetkililerinin desteğini alarak basit ve etkili girişimler planlanmalıdır. Bu girişimlerin planlanmasında, PRECEDE-PROCEED Sağlığı Geliştirme Modeli en etkili modellerden biridir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: COVID-19; sağlık personeli; sağlığın geliştirilmesi; pandemi
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