Objective: The aim of this study is to compare temperamental differences between children who stutter (CWS), children who recovered stuttering spontaneously (CWRSS) and their age and sex matched children with typical development (CWTD). Material and Methods: The sample consisted of 65 CWS, 65 CWTD and 20 CWRSS cases. Turkish adaptation of the Child Behavior Questionnaire (CBQ) was administered to all of the participants. In order to indicate the differences among groups in terms of temperament subtests, one-way analysis of variance was conducted. Results: The basic group effect was significant between Approach/Positive Participation, Focusing Attention, Shyness, Frustration Control, Effortful Control and Negative Affectivity subtest scores. When compared in terms of the subscales of the CBQ, the self-recovering group had significantly higher scores than the CWS in the 'Effortful Control' subscale, while achieving significantly lower scores on the 'Negative Affectivity' subscale. Stuttering individuals received significantly lower scores than the self-recovering group in the 'Frustration Control' subtest. There was no statistically significant difference between the severity of stuttering and all of the subscales of CBQ. There was also no statistically significant difference between age and other subscales of CBQ except 'Smiling and Laughter' subtest. Conclusion: Higher scores in Negative Affectivity and lower scores in 'Effortful Control' is thought to be a risk factor for chronicity in stuttering.
Keywords: Stuttering; temperament; child
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı kekeleyen, kekemeliği kendiliğinden iyileşen ve yaş ile cinsiyetleri eşleştirilmiş tipik gelişim gösteren çocukların mizaç özelliklerini karşılaştırmalı bir biçimde araştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Katılımcılar 65 kekeleyen, yaş ve cinsiyetleri eşleştirilmiş 65 tipik gelişim gösteren ve 20 kekemeliği kendiliğinden iyileşen çocuktan oluşmaktadır. Katılımcıların mizaç özelliklerini ölçmek için Çocuk Davranış Listesi Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Gruplararası farklılıkları belirlemek amacıyla t-testi ve ANOVA analizleri kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Temel grup etkisi Çocuk Davranış Listesi'nin alt boyutları açısından incelendiğinde, Yaklaşım/Olumlu Katılım, Dikkati Odaklama, Utangaçlık, Engellenme Denetimi, Çabalı Kontrol ve Olumsuz Duygulanım alt test skorlarında anlamlı bulunmuştur. Kekemeliği kendiliğinden iyileşen grubun kekemeliği devam eden gruba göre 'Çabalı Kontrol' alt testinden daha yüksek skorlar alırken 'Olumsuz Duygulanım' alt testinden anlamlı ölçüde daha düşük skorlar aldıkları görülmüştür. Kekeleyen bireyler 'Engellenme Denetimi' alt testinde tipik gelişim gösteren ve kekemeliği kendiliğinden iyileşen gruplara göre anlamlı düzeyde daha düşük skorlar elde etmişlerdir. Kekemelik şiddeti ile Çocuk Davranış Listesi alt test skorları arasında bir korelasyon bulunamamış; yaş ile Çocuk Davranış Listesi alt testleri arasında ise 'Gülümseme ve Kahkaha' alt testi skoru dışında herhangi bir korelasyon bulgusuna ulaşılamamıştır. Sonuç: Olumsuz duygulanım ve bu duyguları kontrol etme yetisinin kekemeliğin kronik bir seyir izlemesinde risk faktörü olabileceği bulgularına ulaşılmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Kekemelik; mizaç; çocuk
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