Amaç: Bu çalışma, çeşitli spor kulüplerine devam eden adölesanların obezite durumunun ve Akdeniz Diyeti'ne uyum düzeyinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Adölesanların genel özellikleri ve beslenme durumları Akdeniz Diyeti Kalite İndeksi (KIDMED) içeren anket formu kullanılarak, obezite durumları ise boy uzunluğu ve vücut ağırlıkları ölçümleri alınıp beden kitle indeksleri (BKİ) hesaplanarak belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen veriler SPSS 22,0 programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan 696 adölesanın %84,9'u Ankara, %15,1'i Kırıkkale'de yaşamakta olup %57,9'u erkek, %42,1'i kızdır. Ankara'da adölesanlarda fazla kiloluluk %17,3, obezite %2,5 iken, Kırıkkale'de sırasıyla %10,5 ve %1,9'dur (p=0,509). Erkeklerin KIDMED'e göre %19,1'inin düşük, %52,1'inin orta, %28,8'inin optimal; kızların ise %16,4'ünün düşük, %56,6'sının orta, %27,0'ının optimal diyet kalitesine sahip olduğu belirlenmiş olup, cinsiyetler arasında fark bulunmamıştır (p=0,460). Yaşa göre 10-14 yaş grubu adölesanların %28,8'inin, 15-18 yaş grubundakilerin ise %22,6'sının optimal kalitede beslendiği görülmüştür (p=0,047). İllere göre adölesanların KIDMED puanları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark saptanmamıştır (p=0,189). Adölesanların KIDMED puanları ile BKİ düzeyleri arasında negatif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki, ebeveyn eğitim düzeyi ile KIDMED puanı arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0,05). Sonuç: Çalışma sonucunda, Ankara'da spor kulüplerine devam eden adölesanlarda fazla kiloluluk ve obezitenin daha yüksek, diyet kalitesinin daha düşük olduğu, spor yapan adölesanların Akdeniz Diyeti'ne uyumları arttıkça obezite durumunun azaldığı belirlenmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Adölesan; Akdeniz diyeti; obezite; sporcu
Objective: This study was carried out to determine the obesity status and adherence to Mediterraneian diet of adolescents attending various sports clubs. Material and Methods: The general characteristics and nutritional status of adolescents were determined by using a questionnaire including Mediterranean Diet Quality Index (KIDMED), height and body weight measurements were taken and body mass index (BMI) was calculated to determine obesity status. The data were analyzed with SPSS 22.0 program. Results: Of the 696 adolescents, 84.9% were living in Ankara, 15.1% were in Kırıkkale and 57.9% were male and 42.1% were female. In Ankara, while overweight was 17.3% and obesity was 2.5%, in Kırıkkale, 10.5% and 1.9% respectively (p=0.509). According to KIDMED, 19.1% of males had low, 52.1% middle, 28.8% optimal; 16.4% of the females had low, 56.6% of them had middle, 27.0% of them had optimal diet quality and no difference was found between the genders (p=0.460). According to age, 28.8% of adolescents aged 10-14 years and 22.6% of those in 15-18 years were found to have optimal diet quality (p=0.047). There was no statistically significant difference between the KIDMED scores of adolescents according to the provinces (p=0.189). There was a significant negative correlation between KIDMED scores and BMI levels of adolescents, and a significant positive correlation was found between parental education level and KIDMED score (p<0.05). Conclusion: It was determined that in adolescents attending sports clubs in Ankara, overweight and obesity were higher, diet quality was lower, and obesity status decreased as the adaptation of adolescents to Mediterranean diet increased.
Keywords: Adolescent; Mediterranean diet; obesity; athletes
- Baysal A. [Nutrition of children]. Beslenme. 17. Baskı. Ankara: Hatiboğlu Yayınevi; 2017. p.465-512.
- Erkan T. [Adolescent nutrition]. Turk Pediatri Ars. 2011;46(1):49-53. [Crossref]
- Buckland G, Bach A, Serra Majem L. Obesity and the Mediterranean diet: a systematic review of observational and intervention studies. Obes Rev. 2008;9(6):582-93. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Mariscal-Arcas M, Rivas A, Velasco J, Ortega M, Caballero AM, Olea-Serrano F. Evaluation of the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index (KIDMED) in children and adolescents in Southern Spain. Public Health Nutr. 2008;12(9):1408-12. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Collison KS, Zaidi MZ, Subhani SN, Al-Rubeaan K, Shoukri M, Al-Mohanna FA. Sugar-sweetened carbonated beverage consumption correlates with BMI, waist circumference, and poor dietary choices in school children. BMC Public Health. 2010;10:234. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Rey-López JP, Rodríguez GV, Biosca M, Moreno LA. Sedentary behaviour and obesity development in children and adolescents. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2008;18(3):242-51. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Bifulco M, Cerullo G, Abate M. Is the Mediterranean Diet pattern a good choice for athletes? Nutrition Today. 2019;54(3):121-3. [Crossref]
- Bytomski JR. Fueling for performance. Sports Health. 2018;10(1):47-53. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Thomas DT, Erdman KA, Burke LM. Position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Dietitians of Canada, and the American College of Sports Medicine: nutrition and athletic performance. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2016;116(3):501-28. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Tektunalı Akman C, Garipağaoğlu M. [Physical activity, sport and nutrition in adolescents]. Garipağaoğlu M, editör. Adölesan Sağlığı ve Beslenme. 1. Baskı. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri; 2019. p.75-80.
- Evaristo OS, Moreira C, Lopes L, Abreu S, Agostinis-Sobrinho C, Oliveira-Santos J, et al. Associations between physical fitness and adherence to the Mediterranean diet with health-related quality of life in adolescents: results from the LabMed Physical Activity Study. The European Journal of Public Health. 2018,28(4): 631-5. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- World Health Organization. Global Recommendations on Physical Activity for Health. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2010. p.57.
- Desbrow B, McCormack J, Burke LM, Cox GR, Fallon K, Hislop M, et al. Sports Dietitians Australia position statement: sports nutrition for the adolescent athlete. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2014;24(5):570-84. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Torun N, Yıldız Y. Assessment of nutritional status of 10-14 years old adolescents using mediterranean diet quality index (KIDMED). Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences. 2013;106(10):512-8. [Crossref]
- Pekcan G, T. C. Sağlık Bakanlığı. Beslenme Durumunun Saptanması. Sağlık Bakanlığı Yayın No: 726. Ankara: Klasmat Matbaacılık; 2008. p.52.
- Saribay AK, Kirbaş Ş. Determination of nutrition knowledge of adolescents engaged in sports. Universal Journal of Educational Research. 2019;7(1):40-7. [Crossref]
- Yüksel M. [Gender and sport]. Journal of History School (JOHS). 2014;7(19):663-84. [Crossref]
- Akman M, Tüzün S, Ünalan PC. [Healthy eating patterns and physical activity status of adolescents]. Nobel Med. 2012;8(1):24-9.
- Önal V, Gemalmaz H. [Low back pain in children and adolescent age group; approach, diagnosis and treatment]. Acıbadem Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2014;5(1):20-3.
- Akbulut Y. [Developmental implications of computer and internet use among children and adolescents]. Trakya University Journal of Education. 2013;3(2):53-68.
- Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TÜİK). [Household Information Technology Use Survey]. TÜİK Haber Bülteni. 2013; Sayı: 15866, 22.08.2013 http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreHaberBultenleri.do?id=15866.
- Aksoydan E, Çakır N. [Evaluation of nutritional behavior, physical activity level and body mass index of adolescents]. Gulhane Med J. 2011;53(4):264-70.
- Cristofaro DG, Andrade de Maffei S, Mesas Eumann A, Fernandes RA, Junior Farias JC. Higher screen time is associated with overweight, poor dietary habits and physical inactivity in Brazilian adolescents, mainly among girls. European Journal of Sport Science (EJSS). 2016;16(4):498-506. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Christofaro DGD, Andersen LB, Andrade SM, Barros MVG, Saraiva BTC, Fernandes RA, et al. Adolescents' physical activity is associated with previous and current physical activity practice by their parents. J Pediatr (Rio J). 2018;94(1):48-55. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Dinç ZF, Uluöz E, Sevimli D. [Parents' opinions about directing their children to sports and physical activity]. e-Journal of New World Sciences Academy Sports Sciences. 2011;6(2):93-102.
- Erol E, Ersoy G, Pulur A, Özdemir G, Bektaş Y. Evaluation of the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index (KIDMED) in adolescents in Turkey. Journal of Human Sciences (JHS). 2010;7 (1):647-64.
- Arslan R, Pekşen Akça R. [Eating habits of educator and instructor trainees who will be role models in the children training]. Dicle Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi. 2012;4(8):101-19.
- Özmen D, Çetinkaya AÇ, Ergin D, Şen N, Erbay Dündar P. [Eating habits of high school students and behaviors of controlling body weight]. TSK Koruyucu Hekimlik Bülteni. 2007;6(2):98-105.
- Antonogeorgos G, Panagiotakos DB, Grigoropoulou D, Papadimitriou A, Anthracopoulos M, Nicolaidou P, et al. The mediating effect of parents' educational status on the association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and childhood obesity: the PANACEA study. International Journal of Public Health. 2013;58(3):401-8. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Araki SP, Philippi ST, Martinez MF, Estima CP, Leal GV, Alvarenga MS. Pattern of meals eaten by adolescents from technical schools of São Paulo. Rev Paul Pediatr. 2011;29(2):164-70. [Crossref]
- Argan M, Köse H. [Attitude factors for sports nutrient support: a research on fitness center participants]. Hacettepe Spor Bilimleri Dergisi. 2009;20(4):152-64.
- Yarar H, Gökdemir K, Özdemir G. [Evaluation of the use of dietary supplements and the level of awareness of elite athletes]. Atabesbd. 2011;13(3):1-11.
- Özdoğan Y, Karataş E, Uçar A. [Nutritional habits of males who participate ın bodybuilding sports and use of ergogenic nutritional supplements]. Acıbadem Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2018;9(4):378-84.
- Evans MW Jr, Ndetan H, Perko M, Williams R, Walker C. Dietary supplement use by children and adolescents in the United States to enhance sport performance: results of the National Health Interview Survey. J Prim Prev. 2012 33(1):3-12. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Hollis JL, Sutherland R, Campbell L, Morgan PJ, Lubans DR, Nathan N, et al. Effects of a 'school-based' physical activity intervention on adiposity in adolescents from economically disadvantaged communities: secondary outcomes of the 'Physical Activity 4 Everyone' RCT. Int J Obes (Lond). 2016;40(10):1486-93. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Yüksel A, Yılmaz Önal H, Kurt KG. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and factors affecting obesity in high school students. International Journal of Medical Research & Health Sciences. 2017;6(12):78-86.
- Currie C, Zanotti C, Morgan A, Currie D, de Looze M, Roberts C, et al. Social determinants of health and well-being among young people. Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study: international report from the 2009/2010 survey. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe; 2012. p.252.
- Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Sağlık Bakanlığı Sağlık Araştırmaları Genel Müdürlüğü, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Beslenme ve Diyetetik Bölümü. Türkiye Beslenme ve Sağlık Araştırması: Beslenme Durumu ve Alışkanlıklarının Değerlendirilmesi Sonuç Raporu. T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı Yayın No: 931. Ankara: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Sağlık Bakanlığı Sağlık Araştırmaları Genel Müdürlüğü; 2014. p.574.
- Cömert T, Çerkez M, Tekin A, Aydoğan N, Eşsiz Ö. Compliance with Mediterranead Diet Quality Index (KIDMED) and eating patterns in school-age children with Gaziantep, Turkey. American Journal of Food and Nutrition. 2015;3(1):28-33.
- Soyer M, Ergin I, Gursoy S. Effects of social determinants on food choice and skipping meals among Turkish adolescents. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2008;17(2):208-15.
- Ranjana S, Mahomoodally FM, Ramasawmy D. Is healthy eating behaviour common among school adolescents in mauritius? Curr Res Nutr Food Sci. 2013;1(1):11-22. [Crossref]
- Kabaran S, Gezer C. [Determination of the Mediterranean Diet and the obesity status of children and adolescents in Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus]. Turkish J Pediatr Dis. 2013;1:11-20. [Crossref]
.: İşlem Listesi