Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Sports Sciences

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Spor Yapan Adölesanlar Optimal Düzeyde Besleniyor mu? Obezite Durumları ve Akdeniz Diyeti'ne Uyum Düzeyleri
Do Adolescents Doing Sports Have Optimal Diet Quality? Their Obesity Status and Adherence to Mediterranean Diet
Fatma NİŞANCI KILINÇa, Biriz ÇAKIRa, Sevinç EŞER DURMAZa
aKırıkkale Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Beslenme ve Diyetetik Bölümü, Kırıkkale, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Sports Sci. 2020;12(1):49-57
doi: 10.5336/sportsci.2019-70325
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu çalışma, çeşitli spor kulüplerine devam eden adölesanların obezite durumunun ve Akdeniz Diyeti'ne uyum düzeyinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Adölesanların genel özellikleri ve beslenme durumları Akdeniz Diyeti Kalite İndeksi (KIDMED) içeren anket formu kullanılarak, obezite durumları ise boy uzunluğu ve vücut ağırlıkları ölçümleri alınıp beden kitle indeksleri (BKİ) hesaplanarak belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen veriler SPSS 22,0 programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan 696 adölesanın %84,9'u Ankara, %15,1'i Kırıkkale'de yaşamakta olup %57,9'u erkek, %42,1'i kızdır. Ankara'da adölesanlarda fazla kiloluluk %17,3, obezite %2,5 iken, Kırıkkale'de sırasıyla %10,5 ve %1,9'dur (p=0,509). Erkeklerin KIDMED'e göre %19,1'inin düşük, %52,1'inin orta, %28,8'inin optimal; kızların ise %16,4'ünün düşük, %56,6'sının orta, %27,0'ının optimal diyet kalitesine sahip olduğu belirlenmiş olup, cinsiyetler arasında fark bulunmamıştır (p=0,460). Yaşa göre 10-14 yaş grubu adölesanların %28,8'inin, 15-18 yaş grubundakilerin ise %22,6'sının optimal kalitede beslendiği görülmüştür (p=0,047). İllere göre adölesanların KIDMED puanları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark saptanmamıştır (p=0,189). Adölesanların KIDMED puanları ile BKİ düzeyleri arasında negatif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki, ebeveyn eğitim düzeyi ile KIDMED puanı arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0,05). Sonuç: Çalışma sonucunda, Ankara'da spor kulüplerine devam eden adölesanlarda fazla kiloluluk ve obezitenin daha yüksek, diyet kalitesinin daha düşük olduğu, spor yapan adölesanların Akdeniz Diyeti'ne uyumları arttıkça obezite durumunun azaldığı belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Adölesan; Akdeniz diyeti; obezite; sporcu
ABSTRACT
 Objective: This study was carried out to determine the obesity status and adherence to Mediterraneian diet of adolescents attending various sports clubs. Material and Methods: The general characteristics and nutritional status of adolescents were determined by using a questionnaire including Mediterranean Diet Quality Index (KIDMED), height and body weight measurements were taken and body mass index (BMI) was calculated to determine obesity status. The data were analyzed with SPSS 22.0 program. Results: Of the 696 adolescents, 84.9% were living in Ankara, 15.1% were in Kırıkkale and 57.9% were male and 42.1% were female. In Ankara, while overweight was 17.3% and obesity was 2.5%, in Kırıkkale, 10.5% and 1.9% respectively (p=0.509). According to KIDMED, 19.1% of males had low, 52.1% middle, 28.8% optimal; 16.4% of the females had low, 56.6% of them had middle, 27.0% of them had optimal diet quality and no difference was found between the genders (p=0.460). According to age, 28.8% of adolescents aged 10-14 years and 22.6% of those in 15-18 years were found to have optimal diet quality (p=0.047). There was no statistically significant difference between the KIDMED scores of adolescents according to the provinces (p=0.189). There was a significant negative correlation between KIDMED scores and BMI levels of adolescents, and a significant positive correlation was found between parental education level and KIDMED score (p<0.05). Conclusion: It was determined that in adolescents attending sports clubs in Ankara, overweight and obesity were higher, diet quality was lower, and obesity status decreased as the adaptation of adolescents to Mediterranean diet increased.

Keywords: Adolescent; Mediterranean diet; obesity; athletes
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