Objective: The management of the functional and aesthetic challenges associated with premature tooth eruption and dental agenesis depends on early and accurate diagnosis. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence and distribution of agenesis and premature eruption in the premolar teeth of children in Eastern Türkiye. Material and Methods: The congenital agenesis and premature eruption of premolar teeth were retrospectively evaluated in the panoramic radiographs' of 1,867 children (965 girls, 902 boys) aged 5 to 11 years. Prematurely erupted premolars (PEP) with less than half of the expected root length, according to the Demirjian method, were included in our study. The data were statistically analyzed using the chi-square test (p<0.05). Results: In 34 (13 boys, 21 girls) out of 1,867 patients, at least 1 premolar agenesis was observed without a significant gender difference. The mandibular 2nd premolars were identified as the most commonly missing teeth. Multiple (0.9%) and single (1%) tooth agenesis were found to be similar. A total of 542 patients (29%; 262 boys, 280 girls; no significant gender difference) had at least 1 PEP, with the maxillary and mandibular 1st premolars being the most frequently affected. According to Demirjian's Tooth Development Scale, PEPs were predominantly observed in stage F. Conclusion: The prevalence of agenesis and premature eruption in the premolar teeth of children in Eastern Türkiye was 1.8% and 29%, respectively, indicating that these conditions are not rare. Timely diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment planning and improving patient outcomes.
Keywords: Bicuspid; panoramic radiography; tooth agenesis; tooth eruption
Amaç: Prematüre diş sürmesi ve dental agenezinin yol açtığı fonksiyonel ve estetik problemlerin yönetimi, erken ve doğru tanıya bağlıdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye'nin doğusundaki çocukların premolar dişlerinde agenezis ve prematüre sürmenin prevalansını ve dağılımını belirlemektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Retrospektif olarak 5-11 yaş arası 1.867 çocuğun (965 kız, 902 erkek) panoramik radyografilerinden premolar dişlerin konjenital agenezisi ve prematüre sürmesi değerlendirildi. Demirjian yöntemine göre kök uzunluğunun beklenenin yarısından daha az olduğu prematüre sürmüş premolarlar [prematurely erupted premolars (PEP)] çalışmaya dâhil edildi. Veriler, ki-kare testi kullanılarak analiz edildi (p<0,05). Bulgular: 1.867 hastanın 34'ünde (13 erkek, 21 kız) en az 1 premolar diş agenezisi gözlenmiş olup, cinsiyetler arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır. En sık eksik olan dişler alt çene 2. premolarlar olarak belirlenmiştir. Çoklu (%0,9) ve tekli (%1) diş eksikliklerinin oranları benzer bulunmuştur. En az 1 PEP dişe sahip toplam 542 hasta (%29; 262 erkek, 280 kız; cinsiyet farkı anlamlı değildir) tespit edilmiştir. Prematüre sürme durumunun en sık görüldüğü dişler üst ve alt çene 1. premolarlar olmuştur. Demirjian'ın Diş Gelişim Ölçeğine göre, PEP çoğunlukla F evresinde gözlemlenmiştir. Sonuç: Türkiye'nin doğusundaki çocuklarda premolar diş agenezisi ve prematüre sürme prevalansı sırasıyla %1,8 ve %29 olarak bulunmuş, bu durumların nadir olmadığını göstermektedir. Erken teşhis ve doğru tedavi planlaması dişlerin prognozu için büyük önem taşımaktadır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Biküspit; panoramik radyografi; diş eksikliği; diş erüpsiyonu
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