Restoratif diş hekimliğinde yaygın olarak kullanılan kompozit rezinler, günümüzde gelişen teknoloji sayesinde birçok yenilikler içermektedirler. Bu gelişmeler kapsamlı klinik ve laboratuvar testleriyle değerlendirilirken, günümüz standartlarıyla kıyaslamalar yapılmaktadır. Kompozit rezin materyallerin mekanik ve fiziksel özelliklerini etkileyen önemli faktörlerden olan polimerizasyon özellikleri bu materyallere ait araştırmaların temel konularındandır. Kompozit rezinlerin başarısını tahmin etmede in vivo çalışmaların gerçekleştirme zorluğu ve yüksek maliyet gerektirmeleri sebebiyle in vitro çalışmalar daha sık tercih edilmektedir. Polimerizasyon etkinliği kapsamında incelenen özellikler; polimerizasyon büzülmesi ve stresleri, dönüşüm derecesi ve polimerizasyon derinliği gibi parametreleri kapsamaktadır. Bu parametrelerden polimerizasyon büzülmesi ve streslerinin incelemesinde tensilometre, tensometre, çatlak analizi, koordinat ölçme cihazı (coordinate measuring machine), optik koherens tomografisi ve dijital görüntü korelasyonu (digital image correlation-DIC) yöntemleri kullanılmaktadır. Polimerizasyon derecesinin incelendiği yöntemler arasında civalı dilatometre, bonded disk, AcuVol ve "Managing Accurate Resin Curing (MARC)" yer almaktadır. Yüksek performanslı sıvı kromatografisi ve "Fourier dönüşümlü kızılötesi spektroskopisi (FTIR)" artık monomer analiz yöntemleri kapsamında değerlendirilmiştir. Kazıma (scraping) ve penetrasyon yöntemleri ise polimerizasyon derinliğinin belirlenmesinde kullanılmaktadır. Bu parametrelerin yanında, piknometre ve termal analizler olarak da diferansiyel tarama kalorimetresi (Differential Scanning Calorimetry-DSC) ve termogravimetrik analiz literatürde yer alan analizlerdir. Bu çalışmada, öne çıkan polimerizasyon nitelikleri ve analiz yöntemlerine ait güncel bilgilerin sunulması amaçlanmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Polimerizasyon; kompozit rezin; analiz yöntemleri
Due to recent developments in today?s technology there are many innovations regarding composite resins which are the most commonly used materials in restorative dentistry. These advances are investigated through clinical trials and laboratory tests, being compared with available standards. Polymerization properties of composite resins, one of the most important factors regarding material's mechanical and physical qualities, are essential study subjects in the literature. In vitro studies are often preferred in order to predict the composite resin materials success, in compare to in vivo trials because of their practical difficulties and high costs. Polymerization efficiency includes properties such as polymerization shrinkage and stresses, degree of conversion and polymerization depth. Tensilometer, tensometer, crack analysis, coordinate measuring machine, optical coherence tomography and digital image correlation are the methods used to examine polymerization shrinkage and stresses. Degree of conversion investigaiton consists mercury dilatometer, bonded disc, AcuVol and MARC (Managing Accurate Resin Curing) methods. high-performance liquid chromatomography and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy are included as residuel monomer analysis techniques. Also scraping penetration methods are used in order to determine polymerization depth. In addition to these parameters pycnometer and thermal analyses are other mentioned topics. Consequently, it was attempted to present collective and comprehensive information about significant polymerization properties and analyzes.
Keywords: Polymerization; composite resin; analysis methods
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