Amaç: Kalp yetersizliği, bireyler üzerindeki fizyolojik ve psikososyal etkileri ve uyumu zorlaştırması nedeniyle kronik hastalıklar arasında önemli bir yere sahiptir. Kalp yetersizliğinde uyum alanlarına ilişkin bireylerin deneyimlerine odaklanan çalışmaların, bütüncül hemşirelik müdahalelerin planlanmasına olanak sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışma, kalp yetersizliğinin, bireylerin yaşamları üzerindeki etkisini Roy Uyum Modeli kapsamında incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Kalitatif fenomonolojik olarak yapılan araştırmanın verileri, kardiyoloji kliniğinde yatan, amaçlı örnekleme yöntemi ile belirlenen hastalardan yüz yüze derinlemesine görüşme yöntemi ile toplanmıştır. Görüşmelerden elde edilen veriler için içerik analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın raporlanmasında, kalitatif araştırmaları raporlama kontrol listesi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmaya yaş ortalaması 65±7,80 olan 5'i kadın, 15 hasta katılmıştır. Roy Uyum Modeli çerçevesinde 'uyaranlar, baş etme, fizyolojik alan, benlik alanı, rol fonksiyon alanı, karşılıklı bağlılık alanı' olmak üzere 6 kategori ve 14 alt kategoriden oluşmaktadır. Alt kategoriler; 'yaşam tarzı', 'yaşananlarda manevi bir anlam arama', 'profesyonel destek', 'geleceğe yönelik belirsizlik ile sadece anı yaşama', 'durumu kabullenme', 'fiziksel sınırlama', 'günlük yaşam aktivitelerinde zorlanma', 'yeni bir benlik', 'bağımsızlık ve kontrol kaybı', 'öz yeterlikte etkilenme', 'sınırlı yaşam beklentisi ve ölüme yaklaşma', 'rollerin değişimi', 'sosyal izolasyon' ve 'sosyal destek' olarak belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Bu çalışma, kalp yetersizliğinin, bireylerin yaşamları üzerindeki etkisini Roy'un uyum alanları kapsamında ortaya koymuştur. Elde edilen sonuçların, hastaların uyumunu artırmada, etkili hemşirelik müdahaleleri planlama ve uygulamada yol göstereceği düşünülmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Hemşirelik; kalp yetersizliği; model; uyum
Objective: Heart failure has an important place among chronic diseases due to its physiological and psychosocial effects on individuals and the difficult adaptation. It is thought that studies focusing on the experiences of individuals regarding adaptation areas in heart failure will allow planning of holistic nursing interventions. This study aims to examine the impact of heart failure on individuals' lives within the scope of the Roy Adaptation Model. Material and Methods: The data of the qualitative phenomenological study were collected by face-to-face in-depth interview method from hospitalized patients in the cardiology clinic with determined by purposive sampling method. Content analysis was used for the data obtained from the interviews. Qualitative research reporting checklist was used in the reporting of the study. Results: Fifteen patients, 5 of whom were female, with a mean age of 65±7.80 years, participated in the study. Within the framework of the Roy Adaptation Model, it consists of 6 categories and 14 sub-categories:'stimuli, coping, physiological domain, self domain, role function domain, and interdependence domain'. Sub-categories are 'lifestyle', 'searching for a spiritual meaning in experiences', 'professional support', 'living only in the moment with uncertainty about the future', 'acceptance of the situation', 'physical limitation', 'difficulty in activities of daily living', 'a new self', 'loss of independence and control' 'affecting self-efficacy', 'limited life expectancy and approaching death', 'change of roles', 'social isolation' and 'social support'. Conclusion: This study revealed the impact of heart failure on individuals' lives within the scope of Roy's adaptation areas. It is thought that the results obtained will guide the planning and implementation of effective nursing interventions in increasing the adaptation of the patients.
Keywords: Nursing; heart failure; model; compliance
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