Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Kalp Yetersizliği Tanısı Alan Hastalarda Uyum: Kalitatif Araştırma
Adaptation in Patients Diagnosed with Heart Failure: A Qualitative Study
Selma TURAN KAVRADIMa, Zeynep CANLI ÖZERa
aAkdeniz Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi, İç Hastalıkları Hemşireliği ABD, Antalya, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2022;14(2):524-34
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2021-85003
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Kalp yetersizliği, bireyler üzerindeki fizyolojik ve psikososyal etkileri ve uyumu zorlaştırması nedeniyle kronik hastalıklar arasında önemli bir yere sahiptir. Kalp yetersizliğinde uyum alanlarına ilişkin bireylerin deneyimlerine odaklanan çalışmaların, bütüncül hemşirelik müdahalelerin planlanmasına olanak sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışma, kalp yetersizliğinin, bireylerin yaşamları üzerindeki etkisini Roy Uyum Modeli kapsamında incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Kalitatif fenomonolojik olarak yapılan araştırmanın verileri, kardiyoloji kliniğinde yatan, amaçlı örnekleme yöntemi ile belirlenen hastalardan yüz yüze derinlemesine görüşme yöntemi ile toplanmıştır. Görüşmelerden elde edilen veriler için içerik analizi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın raporlanmasında, kalitatif araştırmaları raporlama kontrol listesi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmaya yaş ortalaması 65±7,80 olan 5'i kadın, 15 hasta katılmıştır. Roy Uyum Modeli çerçevesinde 'uyaranlar, baş etme, fizyolojik alan, benlik alanı, rol fonksiyon alanı, karşılıklı bağlılık alanı' olmak üzere 6 kategori ve 14 alt kategoriden oluşmaktadır. Alt kategoriler; 'yaşam tarzı', 'yaşananlarda manevi bir anlam arama', 'profesyonel destek', 'geleceğe yönelik belirsizlik ile sadece anı yaşama', 'durumu kabullenme', 'fiziksel sınırlama', 'günlük yaşam aktivitelerinde zorlanma', 'yeni bir benlik', 'bağımsızlık ve kontrol kaybı', 'öz yeterlikte etkilenme', 'sınırlı yaşam beklentisi ve ölüme yaklaşma', 'rollerin değişimi', 'sosyal izolasyon' ve 'sosyal destek' olarak belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Bu çalışma, kalp yetersizliğinin, bireylerin yaşamları üzerindeki etkisini Roy'un uyum alanları kapsamında ortaya koymuştur. Elde edilen sonuçların, hastaların uyumunu artırmada, etkili hemşirelik müdahaleleri planlama ve uygulamada yol göstereceği düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Hemşirelik; kalp yetersizliği; model; uyum
ABSTRACT
 Objective: Heart failure has an important place among chronic diseases due to its physiological and psychosocial effects on individuals and the difficult adaptation. It is thought that studies focusing on the experiences of individuals regarding adaptation areas in heart failure will allow planning of holistic nursing interventions. This study aims to examine the impact of heart failure on individuals' lives within the scope of the Roy Adaptation Model. Material and Methods: The data of the qualitative phenomenological study were collected by face-to-face in-depth interview method from hospitalized patients in the cardiology clinic with determined by purposive sampling method. Content analysis was used for the data obtained from the interviews. Qualitative research reporting checklist was used in the reporting of the study. Results: Fifteen patients, 5 of whom were female, with a mean age of 65±7.80 years, participated in the study. Within the framework of the Roy Adaptation Model, it consists of 6 categories and 14 sub-categories:'stimuli, coping, physiological domain, self domain, role function domain, and interdependence domain'. Sub-categories are 'lifestyle', 'searching for a spiritual meaning in experiences', 'professional support', 'living only in the moment with uncertainty about the future', 'acceptance of the situation', 'physical limitation', 'difficulty in activities of daily living', 'a new self', 'loss of independence and control' 'affecting self-efficacy', 'limited life expectancy and approaching death', 'change of roles', 'social isolation' and 'social support'. Conclusion: This study revealed the impact of heart failure on individuals' lives within the scope of Roy's adaptation areas. It is thought that the results obtained will guide the planning and implementation of effective nursing interventions in increasing the adaptation of the patients.

Keywords: Nursing; heart failure; model; compliance
REFERENCES:
  1. Savarese G, Lund LH. Global public health burden of heart failure. Card Fail Rev. 2017;3(1):7-11. [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  2. Değertekin M, Erol C, Ergene O, Tokgözoğlu L, Aksoy M, Erol MK, et al. Türkiye'deki kalp yetersizliği prevalansı ve öngördürücüleri: HAPPY çalışması [Heart failure prevalence and predictors in Turkey: HAPPY study]. Turk Kardiyol Dern Ars. 2012;40(4):298-308. Turkish. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  3. Ponikowski P, Voors AA, Anker SD, Bueno H, Cleland JGF, Coats AJS, et al; ESC Scientific Document Group. 2016 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure: The Task Force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)Developed with the special contribution of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC. Eur Heart J. 2016;37(27):2129-200. Erratum in: Eur Heart J. 2016. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  4. Ziaeian B, Fonarow GC. The prevention of hospital readmissions in heart failure. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2016;58(4):379-85. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  5. Alpert CM, Smith MA, Hummel SL, Hummel EK. Symptom burden in heart failure: assessment, impact on outcomes, and management. Heart Fail Rev. 2017;22(1):25-39. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  6. Nieminen MS, Dickstein K, Fonseca C, Serrano JM, Parissis J, Fedele F, et al. The patient perspective: Quality of life in advanced heart failure with frequent hospitalisations. Int J Cardiol. 2015;191:256-64. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  7. Shariatpanahi S, Ashghali Farahani M, Rafii F, Rassouli M, Kavousi A. Designing and testing a treatment adherence model based on the roy adaptation model in patients with heart failure: protocol for a mixed methods study. JMIR Res Protoc. 2019;8(7):e13317. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  8. Gençöz F. Uyum psikolojisi [Psychology of adjustment]. Kriz Dergisi. 1998;6(2):1-7. [Link] 
  9. Bakan G, Akyol AD. Theory-guided interventions for adaptation to heart failure. J Adv Nurs. 2008;61(6):596-608. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  10. Cottrell WN, Denaro CP, Emmerton L. Exploring beliefs about heart failure treatment in adherent and nonadherent patients: use of the repertory grid technique. Patient Prefer Adherence. 2013;7:141-50. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  11. Mansouri A, Baraz S, Elahi N, Malehi AS, Saberipour B. The effect of an educational program based on Roy's adaptation model on the quality of life of patients suffering from heart failure: A clinical trial study. Jpn J Nurs Sci. 2019;16(4):459-467. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  12. Wang X, Tang L, Howell D, Zhang Q, Qiu R, Zhang H, et al. Theory-guided interventions for Chinese patients to adapt to heart failure: A quasi-experimental study. Int J Nurs Sci. 2020;7(4):391-400. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  13. Roy C, Whetsell MV, Frederickson K. The Roy adaptation model and research. Nurs Sci Q. 2009;22(3):209-11. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  14. Olano-Lizarraga M, Oroviogoicoechea C, Errasti-Ibarrondo B, Saracíbar-Razquin M. The personal experience of living with chronic heart failure: a qualitative meta-synthesis of the literature. J Clin Nurs. 2016;25(17-18):2413-29. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  15. Allen JW, Arslanian-Engoren C, Lynch-Sauer J. The lived experience of middle-aged women with New York Heart Association class III heart failure: a pilot study. Prog Cardiovasc Nurs. 2009;24(3):96-101. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  16. Rodriguez KL, Appelt CJ, Switzer GE, Sonel AF, Arnold RM. "They diagnosed bad heart": a qualitative exploration of patients' knowledge about and experiences with heart failure. Heart Lung. 2008;37(4):257-65. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  17. Seah AC, Tan KK, Huang Gan JC, Wang W. Experiences of patients living with heart failure: a descriptive qualitative study. J Transcult Nurs. 2016;27(4):392-9. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  18. Nordfonn OK, Morken IM, Bru LE, Husebø AML. Patients' experience with heart failure treatment and self-care-A qualitative study exploring the burden of treatment. J Clin Nurs. 2019;28(9-10):1782-93. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  19. Jeon YH, Kraus SG, Jowsey T, Glasgow NJ. The experience of living with chronic heart failure: a narrative review of qualitative studies. BMC Health Serv Res. 2010;10:77. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  20. Graneheim UH, Lindgren BM, Lundman B. Methodological challenges in qualitative content analysis: A discussion paper. Nurse Educ Today. 2017;56:29-34. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  21. Lincoln YS, Guba EG. Naturalistic Inquiry. 1st ed. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications. 1985.
  22. Tong A, Sainsbury P, Craig J. Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): a 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups. Int J Qual Health Care. 2007;19(6):349-57. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  23. Heo S, Moser DK, Lennie TA, Grudnowski S, Kim J, Turrise S. Patients' beliefs about causes and consequences of heart failure symptoms. West J Nurs Res. 2019;41(11):1623-41. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  24. Hopp FP, Thornton N, Martin L. The lived experience of heart failure at the end of life: a systematic literature review. Health Soc Work. 2010;35(2):109-17. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  25. Nordgren L, Asp M, Fagerberg I. Living with moderate-severe chronic heart failure as a middle-aged person. Qual Health Res. 2007;17(1):4-13. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  26. Mangolian Shahrbabaki P, Nouhi E, Kazemi M, Ahmadi F. Spirituality: a panacea for patients coping with heart failure. Int J Community Based Nurs Midwifery. 2017;5(1):38-48. [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  27. Costello JA, Boblin S. What is the experience of men and women with congestive heart failure? Can J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2004;14(3):9-20. [PubMed] 
  28. Riegel B, Carlson B. Facilitators and barriers to heart failure self-care. Patient Educ Couns. 2002;46(4):287-95. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  29. Fry M, McLachlan S, Purdy S, Sanders T, Kadam UT, Chew-Graham CA. The implications of living with heart failure; the impact on everyday life, family support, co-morbidities and access to healthcare: a secondary qualitative analysis. BMC Fam Pract. 2016;17(1):139. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  30. Van Bulck L, Goossens E, Luyckx K, Oris L, Apers S, Moons P. Illness identity: a novel predictor for healthcare use in adults with congenital heart disease. J Am Heart Assoc. 2018;7(11):e008723. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  31. Pihl E, Fridlund B, Mårtensson J. Patients' experiences of physical limitations in daily life activities when suffering from chronic heart failure; a phenomenographic analysis. Scand J Caring Sci. 2011;25(1):3-11. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  32. Welstand J, Carson A, Rutherford P. Living with heart failure: an integrative review. Int J Nurs Stud. 2009;46(10):1374-85. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  33. Ryan M, Farrelly M. Living with an unfixable heart: a qualitative study exploring the experience of living with advanced heart failure. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2009;8(3):223-31. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  34. Jankowska-Polańska B, Świątoniowska-Lonc N, Sławuta A, Krówczyńska D, Dudek K, Mazur G. Patient-Reported Compliance in older age patients with chronic heart failure. PLoS One. 2020;15(4):e0231076. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 

.: Up To Date

.: Process List

Login

 Forgot your password?

 New Registration  

Contact

Ortadoğu Reklam Tanıtım Yayıncılık Turizm Eğitim İnşaat Sanayi ve Ticaret A.Ş.

.: Address

Turkocagi Caddesi No:30 06520 Balgat / ANKARA
Phone: +90 312 286 56 56
Fax: +90 312 220 04 70
E-mail: info@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Manuscript Editing Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 2
E-mail: yaziisleri@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: English Language Redaction

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 145
E-mail: tkyayindestek@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Marketing Sales-Project Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 142
E-mail: reklam@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Subscription and Public Relations Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 118
E-mail: abone@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Customer Services

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 118
E-mail: satisdestek@turkiyeklinikleri.com

1. TERMS OF USE

1.1. To use the web pages with http://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com domain name or the websites reached through the sub domain names attached to the domain name (They will be collectively referred as "SITE"), please read the conditions below. If you do not accept these terms, please cease to use the "SITE." "SITE" owner reserves the right to change the information on the website, forms, contents, the "SITE," "SITE" terms of use anytime they want.

1.2. The owner of the "SITE" is Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. (From now on it is going to be referred as "Turkiye Klinikleri", shortly) and it resides at Turkocagi cad. No:30, 06520 Balgat Ankara. The services in the "SITE" are provided by "Turkiye Klinikleri."

1.3. Anyone accessing the "SITE" with or without a fee whether they are a natural person or a legal identity is considered to agree these terms of use. In this contract hereby, "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change the stated terms anytime. These changes will be published in the "SITE" periodically and they will be valid when they are published. Any natural person or legal identity benefiting from and reaching to the "SITE" are considered to be agreed to any change on hereby contract terms done by "Turkiye Klinikleri."

1.4. The "Terms of Use" hereby is published in the website with the last change on March 30th 2014 and the "SITE" is activated by enabling the access to everyone. The "Terms of Use" hereby is also a part of the any "USER Contract" was and/or will be done with the users using "Turkiye Klinikleri" services with or without a fee an inseparable.

2. DEFINITIONS

2.1. "SITE": A website offering different kind of services and context with a certain frame determined by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and it is accessible on-line on http://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com domain name and/or subdomains connected to the domain name.

2.2. USER: A natural person or a legal identity accessing to the "SITE" through online settings.

2.3. LINK: A link enabling to access to another website through the "SITE", the files, the context or through another website to the "SITE", the files and the context.

2.4. CONTEXT: Any visual, literary and auditory images published in the "Turkiye Klinikleri", "SITE" and/or any website or any accessible information, file, picture, number/figures, price, etc.

2.5. "USER CONTRACT": An electronically signed contract between a natural or a legal identity benefiting from special services "Turkiye Klinikleri" will provide and "Turkiye Klinikleri".

3. SCOPE OF THE SERVICES

3.1. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is completely free to determine the scope and quality of the services via the "SITE".

3.2. To benefit the services of "Turkiye Klinikleri" "SITE", the "USER" must deliver the features that will be specified by "Turkiye Klinikleri". "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change this necessity any time single-sided.

3.3. Not for a limited number, the services "Turkiye Klinikleri" will provide through the "SITE" for a certain price or for free are;

- Providing scientific articles, books and informative publications for health industry.

- Providing structural, statistical and editorial support to article preparation stage for scientific journals.

4. GENERAL PROVISIONS

4.1. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is completely free to determine which of the services and contents provided in the "SITE" will be charged.

4.2. People benefiting from the services provided by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and using the website can use the "SITE" only according to the law and only for personal reasons. Users have the criminal and civil liability for every process and action they take in the "SITE". Every USER agrees, declares and undertakes that they will not proceed by any function or action infringement of rights of "Turkiye Klinikleri"s and/or other third parties', they are the exclusive right holder on usage, processing, storage, made public and revealing any written, visual or auditory information reported to Turkiye Klinikleri" and/or "SITE" to the third parties. "USER" agrees and undertakes that s/he will not duplicate, copy, distribute, process, the pictures, text, visual and auditory images, video clips, files, databases, catalogs and lists within the "SITE", s/he will not be using these actions or with other ways to compete with "Turkiye Klinikleri", directly or indirectly.

4.3. The services provided and the context published within the "SITE" by third parties is not under the responsibility of "Turkiye Klinikleri", institutions collaborated with "Turkiye Klinikleri", "Turkiye Klinikleri" employee and directors, "Turkiye Klinikleri" authorized salespeople. Commitment to accuracy and legality of the published information, context, visual and auditory images provided by any third party are under the full responsibility of the third party. "Turkiye Klinikleri" does not promise and guarantee the safety, accuracy and legality of the services and context provided by a third party.

4.4. "USER"s cannot act against "Turkiye Klinikleri", other "USER"s and third parties by using the "SITE". "Turkiye Klinikleri" has no direct and/or indirect responsibility for any damage a third party suffered or will suffer regarding "USER"s actions on the "SITE" against the rules of the hereby "Terms of Use" and the law.

4.5. "USER"s accept and undertake that the information and context they provided to the "SITE" are accurate and legal. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is not liable and responsible for promising and guaranteeing the verification of the information and context transmitted to "Turkiye Klinikleri" by the "USER"s, or uploaded, changed and provided through the "SITE" by them and whether these information are safe, accurate and legal.

4.6. "USER"s agree and undertake that they will not perform any action leading to unfair competition, weakening the personal and commercial credit of "Turkiye Klinikleri" and a third party,  encroaching and attacking on personal rights within the "SITE" in accordance with the Turkish Commercial Code Law.

4.7. "Turkiye Klinikleri" reserves the right to change the services and the context within the "SITE"  anytime. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may use this right without any notification and timelessly. "USER"s have to make the changes and/or corrections "Turkiye Klinikleri" required immediately. Any changes and/or corrections that are required by "Turkiye Klinikleri", may be made by "Turkiye Klinikleri" when needed. Any harm, criminal and civil liability resulted or will result from changes and/or corrections required by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and were not made on time by the "USER"s belongs completely to the users.

4.8. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may give links through the "SITE" to other websites and/or "CONTEXT"s and/or folders that are outside of their control and owned and run by third parties. These links are provided for ease of reference only and do not hold qualification for support the respective web SITE or the admin or declaration or guarantee for the information inside. "Turkiye Klinikleri" does not hold any responsibility over the web-sites connected through the links on the "SITE", folders and context, the services or products on the websites provided through these links or their context.

4.9. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may use the information provided to them by the "USERS" through the "SITE" in line with the terms of the "PRIVACY POLICY" and "USER CONTRACT". It may process the information or classify and save them on a database. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may also use the USER's or visitor's identity, address, e-mail address, phone number, IP number, which sections of the "SITE" they visited, domain type, browser type, date and time information to provide statistical evaluation and customized services.

5. PROPRIETARY RIGHTS

5.1. The information accessed through this "SITE" or provided by the users legally and all the elements (including but not limited to design, text, image, html code and other codes) of the "SITE" (all of them will be called as studies tied to "Turkiye Klinikleri"s copyrights) belongs to "Turkiye Klinikleri". Users do not have the right to resell, process, share, distribute, display or give someone permission to access or to use the "Turkiye Klinikleri" services, "Turkiye Klinikleri" information and the products under copyright protection by "Turkiye Klinikleri". Within hereby "Terms of Use" unless explicitly permitted by "Turkiye Klinikleri" nobody can reproduce, process, distribute or produce or prepare any study from those under "Turkiye Klinikleri" copyright protection.

5.2. Within hereby "Terms of Use", "Turkiye Klinikleri" reserves the rights for "Turkiye Klinikleri" services, "Turkiye Klinikleri" information, the products associated with "Turkiye Klinikleri" copyrights, "Turkiye Klinikleri" trademarks, "Turkiye Klinikleri" trade looks or its all rights for other entity and information it has through this website unless it is explicitly authorized by "Turkiye Klinikleri".

6. CHANGES IN THE TERMS OF USE

"Turkiye Klinikleri" in its sole discretion may change the hereby "Terms of Use" anytime announcing within the "SITE". The changed terms of the hereby "Terms of Use" will become valid when they are announced. Hereby "Terms of Use" cannot be changed by unilateral declarations of users.

7. FORCE MAJEURE

"Turkiye Klinikleri" is not responsible for executing late or never of this hereby "Terms of Use", privacy policy and "USER Contract" in any situation legally taken into account as force majeure. Being late or failure of performance or non-defaulting of this and similar cases like this will not be the case from the viewpoint of "Turkiye Klinikleri", and "Turkiye Klinikleri" will not have any damage liability for these situations. "Force majeure" term will be regarded as outside of the concerned party's reasonable control and any situation that "Turkiye Klinikleri" cannot prevent even though it shows due diligence. Also, force majeure situations include but not limited to natural disasters, rebellion, war, strike, communication problems, infrastructure and internet failure, power cut and bad weather conditions.

8. LAW AND AUTHORISATION TO FOLLOW

Turkish Law will be applied in practicing, interpreting the hereby "Terms of Use" and managing the emerging legal relationships within this "Terms of Use" in case of finding element of foreignness, except for the rules of Turkish conflict of laws. Ankara Courts and Enforcement Offices are entitled in any controversy happened or may happen due to hereby contract.

9. CLOSING AND AGREEMENT

Hereby "Terms of Use" come into force when announced in the "SITE" by "Turkiye Klinikleri". The users are regarded to agree to hereby contract terms by using the "SITE". "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change the contract terms and the changes will be come into force by specifying the version number and the date of change on time it is published in the "SITE".

 

30.03.2014

Privacy Policy

We recommend you to read the terms of use below before you visit our website. In case you agree these terms, following our rules will be to your favor. Please read our Terms of Use thoroughly.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com website belongs to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. and is designed in order to inform physicians in the field of health

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot reach to user’s identity, address, service providers or other information. The users may send this information to the website through forms if they would like to. However, www.turkiyeklinikleri.com may collect your hardware and software information. The information consists of your IP address, browser type, operating system, domain name, access time, and related websites. www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot sell the provided user information (your name, e-mail address, home and work address, phone number) to the third parties, publish it publicly, or keep it in the website. Gathered information has a directing feature to be a source for the website’s visitor profile, reporting and promotion of the services.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com uses the taken information:

-To enhance, improve and maintain the quality of the website

-To generate visitor’s profile and statistical data

-To determine the tendency of the visitors on using our website

-To send print publications/correspondences

-To send press releases or notifications through e-mail

-To generate a list for an event or competition

By using www.turkiyeklinikleri.com you are considered to agree that;

-Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. cannot be hold responsible for any user’s illegal and immoral behavior,

-Terms of use may change from time to time,

-It is not responsible for other websites’ contents it cannot control or the harms they may cause although it uses the connection they provided.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. may block the website to users in the following events:

-Information with wrong, incomplete, deceiving or immoral expressions is recorded to the website,

-Proclamation, advertisement, announcement, libelous expressions are used against natural person or legal identity,

-During various attacks to the website,

-Disruption of the website because of a virus.

Written, visual and audible materials of the website, including the code and the software are under protection by legal legislation.

Without the written consent of Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. the information on the website cannot be downloaded, changed, reproduced, copied, republished, posted or distributed.

All rights of the software and the design of the website belong to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. will be pleased to hear your comments about our terms of use. Please share the subjects you think may enrich our website or if there is any problem regarding our website.

info@turkiyeklinikleri.com