Amaç: Yaşlı bakımevi sakinleri, yüksek dermatolojik hastalık sıklığına ve malnütrisyon oranına sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, bakımevinde kalan yaşlılarda, dermatolojik hastalıkları ve malnütrisyon durumları ile ilişkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışma, Malatya'da bulunan 3 farklı bakım merkezinde gerçekleştirildi. Hastaların sosyodemografik verileri, dermatolojik hastalıkları, sistemik hastalıkları ve malnütrisyon durumları belirlendi. Hastalar, nütrisyonel durumlarına göre malnütre, riskli ve normal olarak 3 gruba ayrıldı. Bulgular: Bu çalışmaya 211 kişi katıldı. Çalışmaya katılanların 139'u (%65,9) erkek, 72'si (%34,1) kadın ve hastaların yaş ortalamaları 75,8±7,2 (medyan: 75, minimum: 62, maksimum: 102) yıl idi. Katılımcıların %29,9'unda malnütrisyon, %24,2'sinde malnütrisyon riski mevcuttu. Dermatolojik hastalıklar gruplandırıldığında sırasıyla eritemli skuamlı hastalıklar %81,5, yaşa bağlı değişiklikler %75,4, benign deri lezyonları %58,3, enfeksiyöz hastalıklar %56,9, prekanseröz ve malign lezyonlar %30, inflamatuar hastalıklar %11,8 oranında mevcuttu. Yaş grup larına göre, 75 yaş ve üzeri hastalarda enfeksiyon hastalıkları istatistiksel olarak önemli derecede daha fazla izlendi (p<0,05). Dermatolojik hastalıklar ile malnutrisyon durumları karşılaştırıldığında, eritemli skuamlı hastalıklar ve enfeksiyon hastalıkları; malnütre ve riskli grupta normal gruptaki hastalardan daha fazla izlendi. Bu durum istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı bulundu (p<0,05). Sonuç: Bakımevlerinde kalan yaşlılarda dermatolojik hastalıklar sık izlenmektedir. Çeşitli faktörlerin etkisiyle meydana gelen malnütrisyon da önemli bir sorundur. Bu nedenle dermatolojik hastalıkların varlığında, hastaların nütrisyonel durumlarının araştırılması altta yatan sebeplerin belirlenmesi açısından önemlidir.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Yaşlı; bakımevi; malnütrisyon; deri hastalıkları
Objective: Elderly nursing home residents are under high risk of skin diseases and malnutrition. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between malnutrition status and skin diseases in elderly staying at nursing homes. Material and Methods: This study was conducted in 3 different residential care facilities in Malatya. In our study, we determined the sociodemographic data, dermatological diseases, systemic diseases and malnutrition status of elderly people. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to their nutritional status as malnourished, risky and normal. Results: In this study, 211 people underwent the study. 139 (65.9%) of the patients were male, 72 (34.1%) were female, and the mean age of the patients was 75.8±7.2 (median: 75, minimum: 62, maximum: 102) years. Malnutrition was present in 29.9% of the patients and 24.2% had a risk of malnutrition. When dermatological diseases are examined in order of frequency; erythematous scaly diseases were 81.5%, age-related changes 75.4%, benign skin lesions 58.3%, infectious diseases 56.9%, precancerous and malignant lesions 30%, inflammatory diseases 11.8%. Infectious diseases are significantly higher in patients over 75 years of age (p<0,05). When dermatological diseases were compared with the malnutrition status, erythematous scaly diseases and skin infections were observed more frequently in the malnourished and risky group than in the normal group. It was statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: Dermatological diseases are frequently observed in the elderly living in nursing homes. Malnutrition caused by various factors is also an important problem. Therefore, investigating the nutritional status of patients in the presence of dermatological diseases is important in terms of determining the underlying causes.
Keywords: Aged; nursing home; malnutrition; skin diseases
- Yalçin B, Tamer E, Toy GG, Oztaş P, Hayran M, Alli N. The prevalence of skin diseases in the elderly: analysis of 4099 geriatric patients. Int J Dermatol. 2006;45(6):672-6. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Papadopoulos I. Comparative study of dermatological diseases of the elderly in relation to the rest population. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2020;13:173-8. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Hahnel E, Blume-Peytavi U, Trojahn C, Dobos G, Jahnke I, Kanti V, et al. Prevalence and associated factors of skin diseases in aged nursing home residents: a multicentre prevalence study. BMJ Open. 2017;7(9):e018283. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu [İnternet]. İstatistiklerle Yaşlılar; 2020. Erişim tarihi: 01.09.2021 Erişim linki: [Link]
- World Health Organization [İnternet]. ©2022 WHO. Ageing; 2021. Erişim tarihi: 01.09.2021. Erişim linki: [Link]
- Smith DR, Sheu HM, Hsieh FS, Lee YL, Chang SJ, Guo YL. Prevalence of skin disease among nursing home patients in southern Taiwan. Int J Dermatol. 2002;41(11):754-9. [PubMed]
- Kiliç A, Gül U, Aslan E, Soylu S. Dermatological findings in the senior population of nursing homes in Turkey. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2008;47(1):93-8. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Özer İ, Temiz SA, Ataseven A. Prevalence of dermatological diseases in nursing home residents and their correlation with gender and comorbid diseases. Turkish Journal of Dermatology. 2019;13(1):8-12. [Crossref]
- Aisen E, Shafran A, Gilhar A. Sebum and water content in the skin of aged immobilized patients. Acta Derm Venereol. 1997;77(2):142-3. [PubMed]
- Norman RA. Xerosis and pruritus in the elderly: recognition and management. Dermatol Ther. 2003;16(3):254-9. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Penzer R, Ersser S. Principles of Skin Care: A Guide for Nurses and Health Care Practitioners. 1st ed. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell; 2010. [Crossref]
- Lichterfeld A, Lahmann N, Blume-Peytavi U, Kottner J. Dry skin in nursing care receivers: a multi-centre cross-sectional prevalence study in hospitals and nursing homes. Int J Nurs Stud. 2016;56:37-44. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Lichterfeld-Kottner A, Lahmann N, Blume-Peytavi U, Mueller-Werdan U, Kottner J. Dry skin in home care: a representative prevalence study. J Tissue Viability. 2018;27(4):226-31. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Smith DR, Atkinson R, Tang S, Yamagata Z. A survey of skin disease among patients in an Australian nursing home. J Epidemiol. 2002; 12(4):336-40. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Beauregard S, Gilchrest BA. A survey of skin problems and skin care regimens in the elderly. Arch Dermatol. 1987;123(12):1638-43. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Thapa DP, Jha AK, Kharel C, Shrestha S. Dermatological problems in geriatric patients: a hospital based study. Nepal Med Coll J. 2012;14(3):193-5. [PubMed]
- Kartal D, Çınar SL, Akın S, Ferahbaş A, Borlu M. Skin findings of geriatric patients in Turkey: a 5-year survey. Dermatologica Sinica. 2015; 33(4):196-200. [Crossref]
- Kemna ME, Elewski BE. A U.S. epidemiologic survey of superficial fungal diseases. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1996;35(4):539-42. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Buxton PK, Milne LJ, Prescott RJ, Proudfoot MC, Stuart FM. The prevalence of dermatophyte infection in well-controlled diabetics and the response to Trichophyton antigen. Br J Dermatol. 1996;134(5):900-3. [PubMed]
- Baş Y, Kalkan G, Seçkin HY, Takcı Z, Şahin Ş, Demir AK. Geriatrik hastalarda dermatolojik sorunların analizi [Analysis of dermatologic problems in geriatric patients]. Turk J Dermatol. 2014;8(2):95-100. [Crossref]
- Norman RA. Geriatric dermatology. Dermatol Ther. 2003;16(3):260-8. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Kara Polat A, Alataş ET, Doğan G, Picakciefe M. Prevalence of skin diseases among elderly residing in nursing homes in Muğla. Turkish Journal of Geriatrics. 2017;20(1):23-9. [Link]
- Akdeniz M, Hahnel E, Ulrich C, Blume-Peytavi U, Kottner J. Prevalence and associated factors of skin cancer in aged nursing home residents: a multicenter prevalence study. PloS One. 2019;14(4):e0215379. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Edington J, Boorman J, Durrant ER, Perkins A, Giffin CV, James R, et al. Prevalence of malnutrition on admission to four hospitals in England. The Malnutrition Prevalence Group. Clin Nutr. 2000;19(3):191-5. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Morley JE. Nutritional status of the elderly. Am J Med. 1986;81(4):679-95. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Schaible UE, Kaufmann SHE. Malnutrition and infection: complex mechanisms and global impacts. PLoS Med. 2007;4(5):e115. [Crossref] [PubMed] [PMC]
- Amarya S, Singh K, Sabharwal M. Changes during aging and their association with malnutrition. J Gerontol Geriatr Res. 2015;6(3): 78-84. [Crossref]
- Kawakami K, Kadota J, Iida K, Shirai R, Abe K, Kohno S. Reduced immune function and malnutrition in the elderly. Tohoku J Exp Med. 1999;187(2):157-71. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Sugiyama A, Fujita Y, Kobayashi T, Ryu M, Suzuki Y, Masuda A, et al. Effect of protein malnutrition on the skin epidermis of hairless mice. J Vet Med Sci. 2011;73(6):831-5. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Tončić RJ, Kezić S, Hadžavdić SL, Marinović B. Skin barrier and dry skin in the mature patient. Clin Dermatol. 2018;36(2):109-15. [Crossref] [PubMed]
- Gupta MA, Gupta AK, Haberman HF. Dermatologic signs in anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Arch Dermatol. 1987;123(10):1386-90. [PubMed]
- Hirschmann JV, Raugi GJ. Adult scurvy. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1999;41(6):895-910. [Crossref] [PubMed]
.: İşlem Listesi