Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Dermatology

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Bakımevinde Kalan Yaşlılarda Dermatolojik Hastalıklar ve Malnütrisyon Durumunun Değerlendirilmesi: Kesitsel Bir Çalışma
Evaluation of Dermatological Diseases and Malnutrition Status in Elderly at Nursing Home: A Cross-Sectional Study
Bülent Nuri KALAYCIa, Funda DATLI YAKARYILMAZb
aMalatya Turgut Özal Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Deri ve Zührevi Hastalıkları ABD, Malatya, Türkiye
bİnönü Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Geriatri BD, Malatya, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Dermatol. 2022;32(1):16-21
doi: 10.5336/dermato.2021-86111
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Yaşlı bakımevi sakinleri, yüksek dermatolojik hastalık sıklığına ve malnütrisyon oranına sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, bakımevinde kalan yaşlılarda, dermatolojik hastalıkları ve malnütrisyon durumları ile ilişkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışma, Malatya'da bulunan 3 farklı bakım merkezinde gerçekleştirildi. Hastaların sosyodemografik verileri, dermatolojik hastalıkları, sistemik hastalıkları ve malnütrisyon durumları belirlendi. Hastalar, nütrisyonel durumlarına göre malnütre, riskli ve normal olarak 3 gruba ayrıldı. Bulgular: Bu çalışmaya 211 kişi katıldı. Çalışmaya katılanların 139'u (%65,9) erkek, 72'si (%34,1) kadın ve hastaların yaş ortalamaları 75,8±7,2 (medyan: 75, minimum: 62, maksimum: 102) yıl idi. Katılımcıların %29,9'unda malnütrisyon, %24,2'sinde malnütrisyon riski mevcuttu. Dermatolojik hastalıklar gruplandırıldığında sırasıyla eritemli skuamlı hastalıklar %81,5, yaşa bağlı değişiklikler %75,4, benign deri lezyonları %58,3, enfeksiyöz hastalıklar %56,9, prekanseröz ve malign lezyonlar %30, inflamatuar hastalıklar %11,8 oranında mevcuttu. Yaş grup larına göre, 75 yaş ve üzeri hastalarda enfeksiyon hastalıkları istatistiksel olarak önemli derecede daha fazla izlendi (p<0,05). Dermatolojik hastalıklar ile malnutrisyon durumları karşılaştırıldığında, eritemli skuamlı hastalıklar ve enfeksiyon hastalıkları; malnütre ve riskli grupta normal gruptaki hastalardan daha fazla izlendi. Bu durum istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı bulundu (p<0,05). Sonuç: Bakımevlerinde kalan yaşlılarda dermatolojik hastalıklar sık izlenmektedir. Çeşitli faktörlerin etkisiyle meydana gelen malnütrisyon da önemli bir sorundur. Bu nedenle dermatolojik hastalıkların varlığında, hastaların nütrisyonel durumlarının araştırılması altta yatan sebeplerin belirlenmesi açısından önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Yaşlı; bakımevi; malnütrisyon; deri hastalıkları
ABSTRACT
 Objective: Elderly nursing home residents are under high risk of skin diseases and malnutrition. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between malnutrition status and skin diseases in elderly staying at nursing homes. Material and Methods: This study was conducted in 3 different residential care facilities in Malatya. In our study, we determined the sociodemographic data, dermatological diseases, systemic diseases and malnutrition status of elderly people. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to their nutritional status as malnourished, risky and normal. Results: In this study, 211 people underwent the study. 139 (65.9%) of the patients were male, 72 (34.1%) were female, and the mean age of the patients was 75.8±7.2 (median: 75, minimum: 62, maximum: 102) years. Malnutrition was present in 29.9% of the patients and 24.2% had a risk of malnutrition. When dermatological diseases are examined in order of frequency; erythematous scaly diseases were 81.5%, age-related changes 75.4%, benign skin lesions 58.3%, infectious diseases 56.9%, precancerous and malignant lesions 30%, inflammatory diseases 11.8%. Infectious diseases are significantly higher in patients over 75 years of age (p<0,05). When dermatological diseases were compared with the malnutrition status, erythematous scaly diseases and skin infections were observed more frequently in the malnourished and risky group than in the normal group. It was statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: Dermatological diseases are frequently observed in the elderly living in nursing homes. Malnutrition caused by various factors is also an important problem. Therefore, investigating the nutritional status of patients in the presence of dermatological diseases is important in terms of determining the underlying causes.

Keywords: Aged; nursing home; malnutrition; skin diseases
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