Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

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Zayıflama Diyetlerinin Sürdürülebilirliğini Etkileyen Faktörler: Niteliksel Bir Araştırma
Factors That Affect The Sustainability of Weight Loss Programs: A Qualitative Study
Elif EMİROĞLUa, Selen ŞAHİNa, Esra ÖZTÜRKa, Sinem KOÇa, Ezgi ÖZDEMİRa, Funda ELMACIOĞLUa
aİstinye Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Beslenme ve Diyetetik Bölümü, İstanbul, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2021;6(3):418-28
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2020-78216
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
Amaç: Bu niteliksel çalışmanın amacı, zayıflama diyetlerinin sürdürülebilirliğini olumlu veya olumsuz yönde etkileyen faktörlerin derinlemesine anlaşılmasıdır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışma grubunu, herhangi bir sağlık problemi bulunmayan, yaşamının bir döneminde diyetisyen eşliğinde zayıflama programı uygulamış olan, 19-45 yaş arasında 20 kadın katılımcı oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma kapsamında, katılımcılar ile yapılan derinlemesine görüşmelerde 5 sorudan oluşan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler doğrultusunda 'zayıflama diyetlerinin sürdürülebilirliğini etkileyen faktörler' başlığı altında 6 farklı ana tema olmak üzere, toplam 30 alt tema belirlenmiştir. Verilerin analizinde MAXQDA 12 programı kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Bu çalışma sonucunda elde edilen bulgular, bireylerin zayıflama diyeti uygulamaya karar vermelerinde en çok estetik kaygının rol oynadığını göstermektedir, ayrıca kişiler diyetten beklentilerinin hızlı ağırlık kaybı sağlaması, diyetisyenden beklentilerinde ise kişiye özel davranması olduğunu ifade etmişlerdir. Buna ek olarak, zayıflama diyeti uyguladıkları dönemde tatlı yeme isteğinin en çok zorlandıkları süreç olduğu belirlenmiştir, bireyler diyette zorlandıkları bu noktalarda genellikle kendilerini motive ederek çözüm yaratmaktadırlar. Zayıflama diyetlerinin sonlandırılmasında en sık karşılaşılan nedenin diyete uyumun kaybedilmesi olduğu gösterilmiştir. Sonuç: Zayıflama diyetlerinin sürdürülebilirliğinin, diyete başlamaya karar verilen andan itibaren bireylerin diyet yaptıkları dönemde, diyetten ve diyetisyenden beklentileri, zorlandıkları durumlar ile bu durumlar karşısında ürettikleri çözüm yollarının etkinliği dâhil birçok faktörden etkilendiği söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Ağırlık kaybı; beslenme tedavisi; niteleyici araştırma; diyet
ABSTRACT
Objective: The purpose of this qualitative study was to understand the factors that affect the sustainability of weight loss programs positively or negatively. Material and Methods: The study group consisted of 20 women between the ages of 19-45, who had been on a diet with a dietitian at some point in their lives. The semi-structured interview form was used in the in-depth interviews. Six themes and thirty sub-themes were identified under the head of 'factors affecting the sustainability of weight loss programs'. MAXQDA 12 program was used in the analysis of the data. Results: Aesthetic concern often played a role in individuals' decision to follow a weight loss program. The expectation of people from the diet was to lose weight quickly, and the expectation from the dietitian was to act personally. It was determined that the desire to eat dessert was the most difficult situation when dieting. Individuals often motivate themselves as a solution when they have difficulties in diet. It has been determined that the lack of compliance with diet was the most common reason for ending the diet. Conclusion: As a result, the sustainability of weight loss programs were a complicated situation, which includes many factors, including the expectations of individuals from the diet and the dietitian, difficulties in dieting and the solutions they produce against these situations.

Keywords: Weight loss; nutrition therapy; qualitative research; diet
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