Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Yaşlılarda Koronavirüs Korku Düzeyinin ve İlişkili Faktörlerin Değerlendirilmesi: Tanımlayıcı Araştırma
Evaluation of Coronavirus Fear Level and Related Factors in the Elderly: Descriptive Research
Yusuf Emre BOSTANa, Murat TOPBAŞa, Şükriye TAŞÇI KARAGÖLb, Sevil TURHANa, Cansu AĞRALI GÜNDOĞMUŞa, Abdul Kadir ALBAYRAKTARa, Nalan ÖZENa, Ümmügülsüm ÖZELa, Nazım Ercüment BEYHUNa
aKaradeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Halk Sağlığı ABD, Trabzon, Türkiye
bKaradeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, İç Hastalıkları ABD, Trabzon, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2022;7(4):1127-34
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2022-90316
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Koronavirüs hastalığı-2019 [coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19)] pandemisi nedeniyle birçok kısıtlamaya maruz kalan ve mental sağlıkları olumsuz etkilenen yaşlı erişkinlerin, pandemi kısıtlamalarının kaldırılmasının ardından koronavirüs korku düzeyinin ve ilişkili faktörlerin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu tanımlayıcı araştırma, kolayda örnekleme yöntemiyle 65 yaş ve üzeri 274 kişide yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın bağımlı değişkeni, koronavirüs korku düzeyidir. Bağımsız değişkenler ise cinsiyet, yaş, çalışma durumu, yalnız yaşama durumu, COVID-19 öyküsü, depresif belirti durumu, fiziksel aktivite düzeyi, çevreyle iletişim ve gereksinim olsa bile sağlık kurumuna başvurmama durumudur. İstatistiksel analiz SPSS 26,0 programı kullanılarak Mann Whitney-U testi ve Kruskal Wallis testleriyle yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Katılımcıların koronavirüs korku düzeyi ortalama 18,2±6,5 puan, medyan 18 puandır. Kadınların korku düzeyi erkeklerden daha yüksektir (p<0,001). COVID-19 öyküsüne göre korku düzeylerinde fark görülmüş, hastanede tedavi alanlarda daha yüksek, evde tedavi alanlarda ise daha düşük korku düzeyi tespit edilmiştir (p=0,027). Depresif belirti şiddeti arttıkça korku düzeyinde artış görülmüştür (p<0,001). Fiziksel aktivite düzeyine göre korku düzeyi önemli fark göstermiş, fiziksel inaktif olanlarda daha yüksek korku düzeyi görülmüştür (p=0,004). Sonuç: Gelecekte yaşanabilecek benzer halk sağlığı acil durumlarında, özellikle kadınlar olmak üzere tüm yaşlı bireylerin korkudan ve korkunun etkilerinden korunması için uygun geriatrik politikalar planlanmalıdır. Depresif belirtiler için psikolojik destek, fiziksel aktiviteler için uygun ortam ve zaman sağlanmalıdır. Ayrıca hastanede COVID-19 tedavisi alan yaşlı bireylerin korku düzeyini azaltmak için tedavi sürecinde ve sonrasında destek sağlanmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Yaşlı; korku; COVID-19; geriatri; ruh sağlığı
ABSTRACT
 Objective: It was aimed to evaluate the level of fear of coronavirus and related factors after the lifting of the pandemic restrictions of older adults who were exposed to many restrictions due to the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and whose mental health was adversely affected. Material and Methods: This descriptive study was conducted on 274 people aged 65 and older using convenience sampling method. The dependent variable of the study was the coronavirus fear level. Independent variables were gender, age, employment status, living alone, COVID-19 history, depressive symptoms, physical activity level, communication with the environment and not applying to a health institution even if needed. Statistical analysis was performed with Mann Whitney-U test and Kruskal Wallis test using SPSS 26.0 program. Results: The coronavirus fear level was 18.2±6.5 points on average, with a median of 18 points. Fear level of female was higher than male (p<0.001). Fear levels differed according to the history of COVID-19, higher fear levels were found in those treated at the hospital and lower in those treated at home (p=0.027). As the severity of depressive symptoms increased, fear levels increased (p<0.001). Fear levels showed a significant difference based on the level of physical activity, and a higher fear levels were observed in physically inactive participants (p=0.004). Conclusion: In similar future public health emergencies, appropriate geriatric policies should be planned to protect older people, especially women, from fear and its effects. Psychological support for depressive symptoms, appropriate environment and time for physical activities should be provided. In addition, support should be provided during and after the treatment to reduce fear levels of elderly individuals who have had COVID-19 treatment in the hospital.

Keywords: Aged; fear; COVID-19; geriatrics; mental health
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