Journal of Traditional Medical Complementary Therapies

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Yaşlı Sağlığı Geliştirme Ölçeğinin Geçerlilik ve Güvenirlilik Çalışması
Validity and Reliability Study of the Geriatric Health Promotion Scale
Hatice GÜLSOYa, Leman ŞENTURANb
aAlanya Alaaddin Keykubat Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Hemşirelik Bölümü, Antalya, TÜRKİYE
bBiruni Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Hemşirelik Bölümü, İstanbul, TÜRKİYE
J Tradit Complem Med. 2020;3(2):140-9
doi: 10.5336/jtracom.2019-66055
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Araştırma, Geriatric Health Promotion Scale [Yaşlı Sağlığının Geliştirilmesi Ölçeği (YSGÖ)]'in Türk toplumu için geçerlilik ve güvenirliliğinin değerlendirilmesi amacıyla gerçekleştirildi. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Metodolojik tipte olan bu araştırma, 05 Şubat 2015-02 Haziran 2017 tarihleri arasında, İstanbul'da bir yaşlı bakım merkezinde uygulandı ve veriler, araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan demografik bilgilerin yer aldığı bilgi formu, YSGÖ, Sağlıklı Yaşam Biçimi Davranışları Ölçeği (SYBDÖ) ile toplandı. Örneklem kriterlerine uyan 328 yaşlı birey ile çalışıldı. YSGÖ'nün geçerlilik ve güvenirlilik analizi yapıldı. Bulgular: Ölçek, 4'lü likert tipi 22 madde ve 6 faktörden oluşmaktadır. Ölçeğin geçerliliğinde, kapsam geçerliliği indeksi ve Lawshe'nin içerik geçerliliği oranı formülünden yararlanıldı; yapı geçerliliğinde açımlayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi, güvenilirliğinde ise Cronbach alfa iç tutarlılık katsayısı hesaplaması kullanıldı. Testtekrar test güvenirlilik katsayılarıyla, zamana karşı değişmezlik ise t testi ve Pearson korelasyon analizi ile değerlendirildi. Araştırma kapsamında kullanılan tüm istatistiksel işlemlerde, anlamlılık düzeyi 0,05 olarak kabul edildi. Sonuç: Türkçe YSGÖ güvenirlilik katsayısı 0,85 olan yeterli geçerlilik ve güvenirlilik göstergeleri olan bir ölçüm aracıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Yaşlı sağlığı; sağlığın geliştirilmesi; yaşlılık
ABSTRACT
 Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the reliability analysis of Geriatric Health Promotion Scale (GHPS) for Turkish population. Material and Methods: This methodologic study was conducted in one of the elderly care centers between 05.02.2015- 02.06.2017 in İstanbul, Turkey by using the sociodemographic information form which prepared by the researcher, GHPS, Healthy Life Style Behaviors Scale (HLSBS). In the methodologic stage of the study, the sample consisted of 328 elderly people who met the sampling criteria. Validity and reliability analysis of GHPS was done during the methodologic stage. Results: The scale consists of 22 items with for likert types and six factors. The validity of the scale was based on the content validity index and Lawshe's content validity ratio formula, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis in construct validity, internal consistency coefficient in reliability, Cronbach alpha coefficient calculation was used. Test-retest reliability coefficients and time-invariance were evaluated by t-test and Pearson correlation analysis. Significance level was accepted as 0.05 in all statistical procedures used in the research. Conclusion: The Turkish Elderly Health Promotion Scale is a measurement tool with sufficient validity and reliability indicators with a reliability coefficient of 0.85.

Keywords: Geriatric health; health promotion; elderly
REFERENCES:
  1. Nalbant S. [The biology of aging]. Türk Fiz. Tıp. Derg. 2006;52(Özel Ek):A12-17.
  2. Maripe K. Modernization of the family support system (FSS) and the social needs of the elderly (SNE). The Case Of Botswana. Journal of Sociology, Psychology and Antropology in Practice: Int. Perspective. 2010;2(1-3):86-95.
  3. Arpacı F, Tokyürek Ş, Bilgili N. [Quality of life in elderly people living in a nursing home.] Yaşlı Sorunları Araştırma Dergisi. 2015;1:1-11.
  4. National Research Council, Preparing for an aging world: the case for cross national research. Panel on a Research Agenda and New Data for an Aging World.Washington, DC: National Academy Press; 2001.[PubMed]
  5. TÜİK, İstatistiklerle Yaşlılar 2014. TS 18620. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu Matbaası, Ankara. http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreHaberBultenleri.do?id=18620 Erişim Tarihi: 18 Mart 2015.
  6. Huang LH, Chen SW, Yu YP, Chen PR, Lin YC. [The effectiveness of health promotion education programs for community elderly]. J Nurs Res, 2002,10(4):261-270. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  7. Takahashi PY, Okhravi HR, Lim LS, Kasten MJ. [Preventive health care in the elderly population: a guide for practicing physicians]. Mayo Clin Proc. 2004,79(3):416-27. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  8. Erol S, Sezer A, Şişman FN, Öztürk S. [Perception of loneliness and life satisfaction in the elderly]. Gümüşhane University J Health Sciences. 2016;5(3):60-9.
  9. Akyol Y, Durmuş D, Doğan C, Bek Y, Cantürk F. [Quality of life and level of depressive symptoms in the geriatric population]. Turk J Rheum. 2010;25:165-73. [Crossref] 
  10. Wang J, Lee CM, Chang CF, Jane SW, Chen MY. [The development and psychometric testing of the geriatric health promotion scale]. J Nurs Res. 2015;23(1):56-64. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  11. Şendir M, Acaroğlu R. [Health education in elderly individuals]. Atatürk Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Yüksekokulu Dergisi. 2002;5(1):83-6.
  12. Arun Ö. [The adventure of elderly Turkey's adventure: quality aging facilities on scenarios] Gaziantep Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 2008;7(2):313-30.
  13. Erdoğan S. Veri toplama yöntem ve araçları & veri toplama araçlarının güvenirlik ve geçerliği. 1st ed. Hemşirelikte Araştırma: Süreç, Uygulama ve Kritik. İstanbul: Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri; 2014. p.215-32.
  14. Esin N, Erdoğan S, Nahcivan N, Esin N. Veri toplama yöntem ve araçları & veri toplama araçlarının güvenirlik ve geçerliliği. Hemşirelikte Araştırma: Süreç, Uygulama ve Kritik. 1st ed. İstanbul: Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri; 2014. p.193-232.
  15. Küçükdeveci AA, Yavuzer G, Tennant A, Süldür N, Sonel B, Arasil T. [Adaptation of the Modified Barthel Index for Use in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation in Turkey]. Scand J Rehabil Med. 2000;32(2):87-92.[PubMed]
  16. Altay B, Aydın-Avcu İ. [The relationship between self care strength and life satisfaction in elderly people living in nursing Home]. Dicle Med J. 2009;36(4):275-82.
  17. TÜİK İstatistiklerle Yaşlılar, 2016. TS 21520, Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu Matbaası, Ankara. http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreHaberBultenleri.do;jsessionid=bqCYhPxQRLW4Pp1Gddryl8yt06ndwdLhxpgx5Jdmzp5fhfG0WQLR!1857702322?id=24644 Erişim Tarihi: 17 Mart 2016.
  18. Sanjay TV, Yannic P, Mapakshi S. Physical exercise practices among elderly type 2 diabetic patients in a tertiary care hospital. Indian Journal of Gerontology. 2015;29(4):407-16.
  19. Sin MK, Belza B, Logerfo J, Cunningham S. Evaluation of a community‐based exercise program for elderly Korean immigrants. Public Health Nursing. 2005;22(5):407-13. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  20. Aksayan S, Gözüm S. [A guide for transcultural adaptation of the scale I]. Turkish Journal of Research & Development in Nursing. 2002;4(1):9-14.
  21. Polit DF, Beck CT, Hungler BP. Essentials of Nursing Research: Methods. Appraisal, and Utilization. 7th ed. China, Lippincott Williams Wilkins, 2006.
  22. Yurdugül, H. [The congeneric test theory and congeneric item analysis: an application for Uunidimensional multiple choice tests.] Ankara University Journal of Educational Sciences. 2005;38(2):21-47. [Crossref] 
  23. Gözüm S, Aksayan S. [Guidelines for crosscultural scale adaptation of scales II: psychometric properties and cross-cultural comparison.] Turkish Journal of Research & Development in Nursing. 2003;1(5):3-14.
  24. Alpar R. Spor, Sağlık ve Eğitim Bilimlerinden Örneklerle Uygulamalı İstatistik ve Geçerlik Güvenirlik. 1. Baskı. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık; Geçerlilik Güvenirlik; 2010. p.313-85.
  25. Yüksel A, Mil B, Bilim Y. Nitel Araştırma: Neden, Nasıl, Niçin? 1. Baskı. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık, 2007.
  26. Yazıcıoğlu Y, Erdoğan S. SPSS Uygulamalı Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemleri. 2. Baskı. Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık; 2007. p.53-116.
  27. Çokluk Ö. Şekercioğlu G, Büyüköztürk Ş, Sosyal Bilimler İçin Çok Değişkenli İstatistik: SPSS ve LISREL Uygulamaları. 2. Baskı. Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık; 2012. p.207.
  28. Aksayan S, Bahar Z, Bayık A, Emiroğlu NO, Erefe İ, Görak G, et al. [Nursing research principles process and methods]. 1. Baskı. Ankara: Odak Ofset; 2004.
  29. Field A. Discovering Statistics using SPSS for Windows. 1st ed. Some Preliminaries, London, Thousand Oaks. New Delphi: Sage Publications; 2000. p.25-30.
  30. Çapık C. Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmalarında doğrulayıcı faktör analizinin kullanımı. Anadolu Hemşirelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi. 2014;17:3.
  31. Aksuoğlu A, Şenturan L. [Validity and reliability study of the supportive care needs survey]. Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci. 2016;36(3):121-9. [Crossref] 
  32. Byrne RM. Suppressing valid inferences with conditionals cognition. 1989;31(1):61-83. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  33. Kline PR. Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modelling. 3rd ed. New York: Guilford Press; 2011.
  34. Özdamar K. Paket Programlar ile İstatistiksel Veri Analizi. 4. Baskı. Eskişehir: Kaan Kitabevi; 2009.
  35. Erefe İ. Veri Toplama Araçlarının Niteliği, Hemşirelikte Araştırma İlke Süreç ve Yöntemleri. 1. Baskı. Ankara: Odak Ofset: 2002.
  36. Şencan H. Sosyal ve Davranışsal Ölçümlerde Güvenilirlik ve Geçerlilik. 1. Baskı. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık; 2005.

.: Up To Date

.: Process List

Login

 Forgot your password?

 New Registration  

Contact

Ortadoğu Reklam Tanıtım Yayıncılık Turizm Eğitim İnşaat Sanayi ve Ticaret A.Ş.

.: Address

Turkocagi Caddesi No:30 06520 Balgat / ANKARA
Phone: +90 312 286 56 56
Fax: +90 312 220 04 70
E-mail: info@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Manuscript Editing Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 2
E-mail: yaziisleri@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: English Language Redaction

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 145
E-mail: tkyayindestek@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Marketing Sales-Project Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 142
E-mail: reklam@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Subscription and Public Relations Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 118
E-mail: abone@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Customer Services

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 118
E-mail: satisdestek@turkiyeklinikleri.com

1. TERMS OF USE

1.1. To use the web pages with http://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com domain name or the websites reached through the sub domain names attached to the domain name (They will be collectively referred as "SITE"), please read the conditions below. If you do not accept these terms, please cease to use the "SITE." "SITE" owner reserves the right to change the information on the website, forms, contents, the "SITE," "SITE" terms of use anytime they want.

1.2. The owner of the "SITE" is Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. (From now on it is going to be referred as "Turkiye Klinikleri", shortly) and it resides at Turkocagi cad. No:30, 06520 Balgat Ankara. The services in the "SITE" are provided by "Turkiye Klinikleri."

1.3. Anyone accessing the "SITE" with or without a fee whether they are a natural person or a legal identity is considered to agree these terms of use. In this contract hereby, "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change the stated terms anytime. These changes will be published in the "SITE" periodically and they will be valid when they are published. Any natural person or legal identity benefiting from and reaching to the "SITE" are considered to be agreed to any change on hereby contract terms done by "Turkiye Klinikleri."

1.4. The "Terms of Use" hereby is published in the website with the last change on March 30th 2014 and the "SITE" is activated by enabling the access to everyone. The "Terms of Use" hereby is also a part of the any "USER Contract" was and/or will be done with the users using "Turkiye Klinikleri" services with or without a fee an inseparable.

2. DEFINITIONS

2.1. "SITE": A website offering different kind of services and context with a certain frame determined by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and it is accessible on-line on http://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com domain name and/or subdomains connected to the domain name.

2.2. USER: A natural person or a legal identity accessing to the "SITE" through online settings.

2.3. LINK: A link enabling to access to another website through the "SITE", the files, the context or through another website to the "SITE", the files and the context.

2.4. CONTEXT: Any visual, literary and auditory images published in the "Turkiye Klinikleri", "SITE" and/or any website or any accessible information, file, picture, number/figures, price, etc.

2.5. "USER CONTRACT": An electronically signed contract between a natural or a legal identity benefiting from special services "Turkiye Klinikleri" will provide and "Turkiye Klinikleri".

3. SCOPE OF THE SERVICES

3.1. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is completely free to determine the scope and quality of the services via the "SITE".

3.2. To benefit the services of "Turkiye Klinikleri" "SITE", the "USER" must deliver the features that will be specified by "Turkiye Klinikleri". "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change this necessity any time single-sided.

3.3. Not for a limited number, the services "Turkiye Klinikleri" will provide through the "SITE" for a certain price or for free are;

- Providing scientific articles, books and informative publications for health industry.

- Providing structural, statistical and editorial support to article preparation stage for scientific journals.

4. GENERAL PROVISIONS

4.1. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is completely free to determine which of the services and contents provided in the "SITE" will be charged.

4.2. People benefiting from the services provided by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and using the website can use the "SITE" only according to the law and only for personal reasons. Users have the criminal and civil liability for every process and action they take in the "SITE". Every USER agrees, declares and undertakes that they will not proceed by any function or action infringement of rights of "Turkiye Klinikleri"s and/or other third parties', they are the exclusive right holder on usage, processing, storage, made public and revealing any written, visual or auditory information reported to Turkiye Klinikleri" and/or "SITE" to the third parties. "USER" agrees and undertakes that s/he will not duplicate, copy, distribute, process, the pictures, text, visual and auditory images, video clips, files, databases, catalogs and lists within the "SITE", s/he will not be using these actions or with other ways to compete with "Turkiye Klinikleri", directly or indirectly.

4.3. The services provided and the context published within the "SITE" by third parties is not under the responsibility of "Turkiye Klinikleri", institutions collaborated with "Turkiye Klinikleri", "Turkiye Klinikleri" employee and directors, "Turkiye Klinikleri" authorized salespeople. Commitment to accuracy and legality of the published information, context, visual and auditory images provided by any third party are under the full responsibility of the third party. "Turkiye Klinikleri" does not promise and guarantee the safety, accuracy and legality of the services and context provided by a third party.

4.4. "USER"s cannot act against "Turkiye Klinikleri", other "USER"s and third parties by using the "SITE". "Turkiye Klinikleri" has no direct and/or indirect responsibility for any damage a third party suffered or will suffer regarding "USER"s actions on the "SITE" against the rules of the hereby "Terms of Use" and the law.

4.5. "USER"s accept and undertake that the information and context they provided to the "SITE" are accurate and legal. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is not liable and responsible for promising and guaranteeing the verification of the information and context transmitted to "Turkiye Klinikleri" by the "USER"s, or uploaded, changed and provided through the "SITE" by them and whether these information are safe, accurate and legal.

4.6. "USER"s agree and undertake that they will not perform any action leading to unfair competition, weakening the personal and commercial credit of "Turkiye Klinikleri" and a third party,  encroaching and attacking on personal rights within the "SITE" in accordance with the Turkish Commercial Code Law.

4.7. "Turkiye Klinikleri" reserves the right to change the services and the context within the "SITE"  anytime. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may use this right without any notification and timelessly. "USER"s have to make the changes and/or corrections "Turkiye Klinikleri" required immediately. Any changes and/or corrections that are required by "Turkiye Klinikleri", may be made by "Turkiye Klinikleri" when needed. Any harm, criminal and civil liability resulted or will result from changes and/or corrections required by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and were not made on time by the "USER"s belongs completely to the users.

4.8. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may give links through the "SITE" to other websites and/or "CONTEXT"s and/or folders that are outside of their control and owned and run by third parties. These links are provided for ease of reference only and do not hold qualification for support the respective web SITE or the admin or declaration or guarantee for the information inside. "Turkiye Klinikleri" does not hold any responsibility over the web-sites connected through the links on the "SITE", folders and context, the services or products on the websites provided through these links or their context.

4.9. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may use the information provided to them by the "USERS" through the "SITE" in line with the terms of the "PRIVACY POLICY" and "USER CONTRACT". It may process the information or classify and save them on a database. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may also use the USER's or visitor's identity, address, e-mail address, phone number, IP number, which sections of the "SITE" they visited, domain type, browser type, date and time information to provide statistical evaluation and customized services.

5. PROPRIETARY RIGHTS

5.1. The information accessed through this "SITE" or provided by the users legally and all the elements (including but not limited to design, text, image, html code and other codes) of the "SITE" (all of them will be called as studies tied to "Turkiye Klinikleri"s copyrights) belongs to "Turkiye Klinikleri". Users do not have the right to resell, process, share, distribute, display or give someone permission to access or to use the "Turkiye Klinikleri" services, "Turkiye Klinikleri" information and the products under copyright protection by "Turkiye Klinikleri". Within hereby "Terms of Use" unless explicitly permitted by "Turkiye Klinikleri" nobody can reproduce, process, distribute or produce or prepare any study from those under "Turkiye Klinikleri" copyright protection.

5.2. Within hereby "Terms of Use", "Turkiye Klinikleri" reserves the rights for "Turkiye Klinikleri" services, "Turkiye Klinikleri" information, the products associated with "Turkiye Klinikleri" copyrights, "Turkiye Klinikleri" trademarks, "Turkiye Klinikleri" trade looks or its all rights for other entity and information it has through this website unless it is explicitly authorized by "Turkiye Klinikleri".

6. CHANGES IN THE TERMS OF USE

"Turkiye Klinikleri" in its sole discretion may change the hereby "Terms of Use" anytime announcing within the "SITE". The changed terms of the hereby "Terms of Use" will become valid when they are announced. Hereby "Terms of Use" cannot be changed by unilateral declarations of users.

7. FORCE MAJEURE

"Turkiye Klinikleri" is not responsible for executing late or never of this hereby "Terms of Use", privacy policy and "USER Contract" in any situation legally taken into account as force majeure. Being late or failure of performance or non-defaulting of this and similar cases like this will not be the case from the viewpoint of "Turkiye Klinikleri", and "Turkiye Klinikleri" will not have any damage liability for these situations. "Force majeure" term will be regarded as outside of the concerned party's reasonable control and any situation that "Turkiye Klinikleri" cannot prevent even though it shows due diligence. Also, force majeure situations include but not limited to natural disasters, rebellion, war, strike, communication problems, infrastructure and internet failure, power cut and bad weather conditions.

8. LAW AND AUTHORISATION TO FOLLOW

Turkish Law will be applied in practicing, interpreting the hereby "Terms of Use" and managing the emerging legal relationships within this "Terms of Use" in case of finding element of foreignness, except for the rules of Turkish conflict of laws. Ankara Courts and Enforcement Offices are entitled in any controversy happened or may happen due to hereby contract.

9. CLOSING AND AGREEMENT

Hereby "Terms of Use" come into force when announced in the "SITE" by "Turkiye Klinikleri". The users are regarded to agree to hereby contract terms by using the "SITE". "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change the contract terms and the changes will be come into force by specifying the version number and the date of change on time it is published in the "SITE".

 

30.03.2014

Privacy Policy

We recommend you to read the terms of use below before you visit our website. In case you agree these terms, following our rules will be to your favor. Please read our Terms of Use thoroughly.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com website belongs to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. and is designed in order to inform physicians in the field of health

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot reach to user’s identity, address, service providers or other information. The users may send this information to the website through forms if they would like to. However, www.turkiyeklinikleri.com may collect your hardware and software information. The information consists of your IP address, browser type, operating system, domain name, access time, and related websites. www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot sell the provided user information (your name, e-mail address, home and work address, phone number) to the third parties, publish it publicly, or keep it in the website. Gathered information has a directing feature to be a source for the website’s visitor profile, reporting and promotion of the services.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com uses the taken information:

-To enhance, improve and maintain the quality of the website

-To generate visitor’s profile and statistical data

-To determine the tendency of the visitors on using our website

-To send print publications/correspondences

-To send press releases or notifications through e-mail

-To generate a list for an event or competition

By using www.turkiyeklinikleri.com you are considered to agree that;

-Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. cannot be hold responsible for any user’s illegal and immoral behavior,

-Terms of use may change from time to time,

-It is not responsible for other websites’ contents it cannot control or the harms they may cause although it uses the connection they provided.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. may block the website to users in the following events:

-Information with wrong, incomplete, deceiving or immoral expressions is recorded to the website,

-Proclamation, advertisement, announcement, libelous expressions are used against natural person or legal identity,

-During various attacks to the website,

-Disruption of the website because of a virus.

Written, visual and audible materials of the website, including the code and the software are under protection by legal legislation.

Without the written consent of Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. the information on the website cannot be downloaded, changed, reproduced, copied, republished, posted or distributed.

All rights of the software and the design of the website belong to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. will be pleased to hear your comments about our terms of use. Please share the subjects you think may enrich our website or if there is any problem regarding our website.

info@turkiyeklinikleri.com