Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

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Yaşlı Bakımında Ortam Destekli Yaşam Teknolojilerinin Kullanımı: Geleneksel Derleme
Use of Ambient Assisted Living Technologies in Elderly Care: Traditional Review
Buket DAŞTANa, Sevilay HİNTİSTANb
aBayburt Üniversitesi Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksekokulu, Yaşlı Bakımı Programı, Bayburt, TÜRKİYE
bKaradeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, İç Hastalıkları Hemşireliği ABD, Trabzon, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2021;13(4):1005-13
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2021-81726
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Ortam destekli yaşam, yaşlanmayla artan sosyal izolasyonu azaltmak, yaşlının bağımsız bir şekilde yaşamasını ve aktif kalmasını sağlamak için yaşam ve çalışma ortamına entegre edilebilen herhangi bir teknolojik aracın kullanılmasıdır. Yaşlı nüfusun dünya çapında artması, hastaneler ve bakımevleri de dâhil olmak üzere sağlık ve bakım hizmetine talebi artırmaktadır. Yaşlı nüfusun giderek artması durumunda, gelecekte yaşlılara bakım verecek yeterli insan olmayacak, bu nedenle gelecekte yaşlılara bakmak ve bağımsız yaşamalarına yardımcı olmak için yardımcı yaşam teknolojilerine ihtiyaç duyulacaktır. Yaşlı bakımı, genellikle olay odaklı bir sistem kullanarak çevrenin ve yaşlının faaliyetlerinin gerçek zamanlı gözlemlenmesini gerektirir. Yaşlılara bağımsız yaşamda yardımcı olan ortam destekli yaşam teknolojileri, bakımı uygun maliyetli ve güvenilir bir şekilde geliştirmek için gereklidir. Yaşlıların günlük yaşamda sağlıklı kalabilmeleri sürekli ve gerçek zamanlı bir sağlık izleme ve değerlendirme sistemi olan sensör teknolojisindeki gelişmelerle mümkündür. Ortamdaki yaşam sensörleri olarak da bilinen ortam sensörleri ve giyilebilir cihazlar, yaşlının sağlık durumundaki değişiklikleri izlemek, düşmeleri tespit etmek veya günlük aktiviteleri izlemek için yaşlıların evlerinde kullanılabilmektedir. Ev içi ortamı izlemede kullanılan bu tür teknolojiler, yaşlıların sağlık uzmanları ve aileleriyle daha iyi iletişim kurmasına, bağımsız yaşamlarını uzatmaya olanak sağlayabilir. Yaşlanan toplum, teknolojik yeniliklerle maksimum konfor, güvenlik ve emniyet içerisinde yaşayabilir. Ortam destekli yaşam ile yaşlı bireylerin yaşam kalitesini iyileştirmek, bağımsız yaşam maliyetlerini azaltmak, yaşlı veya hasta kişilerin öz güvenini ve özerkliğini artırmak mümkündür.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Hemşirelik; teknoloji; yaşlı; yaşlı yardımı
ABSTRACT
 Environment-supported living refers to the use of any technological tool that can be integrated into the living and working environment to reduce the social isolation that increases with aging, and to enable the elderly to live independently and remain active. The worldwide growth of the elderly population is increasing the demand for healthcare and care services, including hospitals and nursing homes. If the elderly population increases gradually, there will not be enough people to care for the elderly in the future, so assistive living technologies will be needed in the future to care for the elderly and help them live independently. Elderly care requires real-time observation of the environment and the elderly's activities, often using an event-driven system. Environment-assisted living technologies that help older people live independently are essential to improving care cost-effectively and reliably. It is possible for the elderly to stay healthy in daily life with the developments in sensor technology, which is a continuous and real-time health monitoring and evaluation system. Environment sensors and wearable devices, also known as ambient life sensors, can be used in the homes of the elderly to monitor changes in the elderly's health status, detect falls, or monitor daily activities. Such technologies used to monitor the indoor environment can enable elderly people to communicate better with healthcare professionals and families, and to prolong their independent lives. The aging society can live in maximum comfort, safety and security with technological innovations. It is possible to improve the quality of life of elderly people, reduce the cost of independent living, and increase the self-confidence and autonomy of elderly or sick people with environment-supported living.

Keywords: Nursing; technology; aged; old age assistance
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