Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Ethics-Law and History

.: REVIEW
Vatansızlık ve Iskartaya Çıkarılan Sağlık: Geleneksel Derleme
Statelessness and Discarded Health: Traditional Review
Cem Hakan BAŞARANa
aEskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Tıp Tarihi ve Etik ABD, Eskişehir, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Ethics. 2022;30(2):209-20
doi: 10.5336/mdethic.2021-87443
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Sağlık hakkı, temel insan hakları yaklaşımı içerisinde ele alınmalıdır. Uluslararası sözleşmeler ve bildirgelerde, sağlık hakkının öznesinin herkes olduğu açıkça tanımlanmasına rağmen bugün sosyoekonomik ve politik nedenlerle bu hakkın yalnızca bir retorikten ibaret kaldığına tanıklık etmekteyiz. Yerel ve küresel sağlık politikalarının iç içe geçtiği günümüzde, sağlık hakkı ilkelerinin, insan haklarının doğası ve bunların etrafında inşa edilmesi gerekliliği hakkında bitmemiş felsefi, politik ve yasal tartışmalar şimdilik bitmeyecek gibi gözükmektedir. Politik öznelikleri olmayan vatansız kişilerin, devletlerin biyopolitik çıkarlarına alet olduğu ve onların gerçekte insandan daha aşağıya indirgenen yaşamlarının hümaniteryen faaliyetlerle meşrulaştırıldığı iddia edilmektedir. Vatansızlık, birçok ülkede kişileri kamplarda yahut şehirlerde düşük ücretlerle ve sigortasız çalışmak ve sağlık güvencesi olmadan yaşamaya mahkûm etmiş ve onları toplumların günah keçileri hâline getirmiştir. Bazı kamplarda ve bölgelerde insani yaşam koşullarından uzak, hatta sağlıklarını bozacak bir iklimde yaşamak durumunda kalan vatansız kişilerin, birçok ülkede sağlık hakları acil bakım düzeyine indirgenmiştir. Sonuç olarak dünyanın her yerinde ıskarta hayatlar birikmiş ve sağlıkları da zaten önemsiz zannedilen hayatlarına mukabil ıskartaya çıkarılmıştır. Hukuki statüleri ne olursa olsun kişiler (vatansız, mülteci, şartlı mülteci, sığınmacı, göçmen veya belgesiz göçmen), birçok ülkede hastalandıklarında tedaviye ulaşabilmek için haysiyetlerini alt-üst eden bir dizi prosedür veya engellerle karşı karşıya kalmaktadırlar. Bu çalışmada, konuya yönelik bir literatür derlenmeye çalışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Mülteci; sağlık hakkı; tıp etiği; biyopolitika; göç ve sağlık
ABSTRACT
 The right to health should be addressed within the basic human rights approach. Although international conventions and declarations define clearly that the subject of the right to health is everyone, today we witness that this right has remained limited to the rhetoric realm because of socioeconomic and political reasons. In today's world where local and global health policies are intertwined; the philosophical, political and legal debates about building the right to health principles around the nature of human rights seem to be endless for now. It is claimed that stateless persons who aren't political subjects, are tools for the biopolitical interests of states. Their lives, which are actually reduced as less than human, are legitimized by humanitarian activities. In many countries, statelessness has condemned people to work in cities for low wages without health insurance or to live in camps and has made them the scapegoats of societies. In many countries, health rights of stateless people who have to live in an environment far from humane living conditions in some camps and regions, even deteriorating their health, have been reduced to the level of emergency care. As a result, discarded lives have accumulated all over the world, and their health has been discarded in response to their lives, which were already thought to be worthless. Regardless of their legal status (e.g., stateless, refugee, conditional refugee, asylum seeker, immigrant, or undocumented immigrant) people in many countries face a series of procedures or barriers that undermine their dignity in order to access treatment when they fall ill. In this study, literature on the subject has been tried to be compiled.

Keywords: Refugee; right to health; medical ethics; biopolitics; migration and health
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-To send print publications/correspondences

-To send press releases or notifications through e-mail

-To generate a list for an event or competition

By using www.turkiyeklinikleri.com you are considered to agree that;

-Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. cannot be hold responsible for any user’s illegal and immoral behavior,

-Terms of use may change from time to time,

-It is not responsible for other websites’ contents it cannot control or the harms they may cause although it uses the connection they provided.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. may block the website to users in the following events:

-Information with wrong, incomplete, deceiving or immoral expressions is recorded to the website,

-Proclamation, advertisement, announcement, libelous expressions are used against natural person or legal identity,

-During various attacks to the website,

-Disruption of the website because of a virus.

Written, visual and audible materials of the website, including the code and the software are under protection by legal legislation.

Without the written consent of Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. the information on the website cannot be downloaded, changed, reproduced, copied, republished, posted or distributed.

All rights of the software and the design of the website belong to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. will be pleased to hear your comments about our terms of use. Please share the subjects you think may enrich our website or if there is any problem regarding our website.

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