Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Unilateral ve Bilateral İşitme Kayıplı Bireylerin İşitme Cihazı Kullanmama Sebeplerinin Niteliksel Olarak Analizi
A Qualitative Analysis of the Reasons Why People with Unilateral and Bilateral Hearing Loss Do Not Use Hearing Aids
Bahtiyar ÇELİKGÜNa , Okan KILINÇb , Mustafa Bülent ŞERBETÇİOĞLUa
aİstanbul Medipol Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Odyoloji Bölümü, İstanbul, Türkiye
bİstanbul Medipol Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Odyoloji Bölümü, İstanbul, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2024;9(4):812-21
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2024-102969
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Çalışmamızın amacı, unilateral veya bilateral işitme kaybı olduğunu bildiği hâlde işitme cihazı kullanmayan bireylerin işitme cihazından kaçınmalarına neden olan kök sebeplerin niteliksel olarak incelenmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu niteliksel araştırma, İstanbul Medipol Üniversitesi Mega Hastanesi'nde tanılanmış ikisi unilateral ikisi bilateral olmak üzere toplam dört işitme kayıplı bireyin katılımı ile ''odak grup görüşmesi'' yöntemi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Odak grup görüşmelerine katılan hastaların seçiminde, olasılıksız örnekleme yöntemlerinden ''amaca yönelik seçim'' yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Kırk dokuz dakida süren mülakatın veri analizi iki aşamadan oluşmaktadır; ilk aşamada, görüşme esnasında alınan ses kayıtları kelime kelime yazıya dönüştürülerek çözümlenmiştir. İkinci aşamada ise, iki gözlemci tarafından görüşme esnasında alınan notlar da kullanılarak çözümlemeler değerlendirilmiş ve temalar belirlenmiştir. Bulgular: Tema analizi sonucunda toplam 5 tema elde edilmiştir; işitme kaybının etkileri, farkındalık, yetersiz bilgi, işitme cihazı merkezleri ve işitme cihazı kullanmama nedenleridir. Sonuç: Analize göre, işitme problemi ile karşı karşıya kalan bireylerin, unilateral işitme kaybı olsa bile, aile, iş/okul ve sosyal hayatlarında bir takım iletişim problemleri yaşadığını buna karşılık işitme kayıplarına dair farkındalıklarının düşük olduğunu, işitme merkezinde görev yapan uzmanların bilgi düzeylerine güvenmedikleri ve tutumlarını satış odaklı buldukları, işitme cihazı kullanmamak için kendilerine göre belirledikleri sebepleri olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu sebeplerin ise işitme cihazı uygulaması, kendi kendine yetebilme algısı, estetik, işitme cihazı maliyeti, doktor önerisi olmaması ve kendini kullanmaya hazır hissetmeme gibi kişisel faktörlerden ileri geldiği görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Odyoloji; işitme kaybı; işitme cihazı; niteliksel araştırma
ABSTRACT
 Objective: The purpose of this study is to qualitatively examine the reasons why individuals with unilateral or bilateral hearing loss who are aware of their condition choose not to use hearing aids. Material and Methods: We conducted a qualitative research study using the 'focus group interview' method with four participants diagnosed with hearing loss at Istanbul Medipol University Mega Hospital. The purposive selection method, a non-probability sampling technique, was utilized to select patients for participation in focus group interviews. Data analysis of the forty nine minute interview was conducted in two stages. First, the audio recordings were transcribed verbatim and analyzed. Second, the analyses were evaluated using notes taken by two observers during the interview, and themes were identified. Results: Five themes emerged from the theme analysis: Effects of hearing loss, awareness, insufficient information, hearing aid centers, and reasons for not using hearing aids. Conclusion: Based on the analysis, individuals with hearing problems, even if they have unilateral hearing loss, experience communication difficulties in their family, work/school, and social lives. However, their awareness of hearing loss is low, and they lack trust in the knowledge level of experts working in hearing centers due to their sales-oriented attitudes. Personal factors, such as the application quality of hearing aids, selfsufficiency perception, aesthetics, cost, lack of doctor's recommendation, and not feeling ready to use them, have been identified as reasons for not using their hearing aids.

Keywords: Audiology; hearing loss; hearing aid; qualitative research
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