Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Sports Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Türk Kadınlarının Serbest Zaman Aktivitelerine Katılımı: Engeller ve Kolaylaştırıcılar
Leisurely Participation of Turkish Women's: Constraints and Facilitators
Esra EMİRa, Sonnur KÜÇÜK KILIÇb, Bülent GÜRBÜZc, Erman ÖNCÜd
aHacettepe Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi, Spor Bilimleri ve Teknolojisi ABD, Ankara, Türkiye
bErzincan Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi, Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bölümü, Erzincan, Türkiye
cAnkara Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi, Spor Yöneticiliği Bölümü, Ankara, Türkiye
dTrabzon Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi, Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Öğretmenliği Bölümü, Trabzon, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Sports Sci. 2022;14(1):69-78
doi: 10.5336/sportsci.2021-84473
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Kadınların, serbest zaman aktivitelerine katılımı, toplumsal cinsiyet rolleri ile kısıtlanmaktadır. Fakat özgürlük ve kendini dışa vurma biçimi olarak ele alınan serbest zaman, kadınların sınırlayıcı toplumsal cinsiyet rollerinden bağımsızlaşmasının ve özgürleşmesinin bir aracı olarak görülmektedir. Araştırma nicel yaklaşım çerçevesinde betimsel tarama modelinde tasarlanmıştır. Bu araştırmanın amacı, Türk kadınlarının serbest zaman aktivitelerine katılımını engelleyen ve kolaylaştıran faktörlerin incelenmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmada veri toplama aracı olarak 'Serbest Zaman Kolaylaştırıcıları Ölçeği (Gürbüz, Öncü ve Emir, 2009)' ve 'Boş Zaman Engelleri Ölçeği (Gürbüz, Öncü ve Emir (2020)' kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde ise betimsel istatistiki yöntemler; t-testi, ANOVA ve Pearson korelasyon testleri kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın araştırma grubunu yaşları 18-55 arasında değişen 196 kadın oluşturmaktadır. Bulgular: Çalışmadan elde edilen verilerin analiz sonuçlarına göre, Türk kadınlarının serbest zaman aktivitelerine katılımlarını kısıtlayan temel faktörün, yapısal faktörler olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sağlık/fitness kulüplerine üye olmanın ve düzenli olarak fiziksel aktiviteye katılımın da serbest zaman engellerinin aşılmasını kolaylaştırdığı söylenebilir. Sonuç: Sonuç olarak serbest zaman engel algısı arttıkça, serbest zaman kolaylaştırıcı algısının da arttığı ve serbest zamana katılımda karşılaşılan engellere göre stratejiler belirlenerek, bunların aşılmaya çalışıldığı ifade edilebilir. Elde edilen bulguların, serbest zaman aktivitelerine katılımda; engeller ve kolaylaştırıcılar gibi 2 temel faktörün kültürel ve cinsiyet perspektifinden incelenmesi sebebiyle literatüre katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Toplumsal cinsiyet; kadın; boş zaman; engel; kolaylaştırıcı
ABSTRACT
 Objective: Women's participation in leisure activities is restricted by gender roles. However, leisure time which is approached as a form of freedom and self-expression is considered as a means of women's independence and emancipation from restrictive gender roles. The research was designed in the descriptive survey model within the framework of the quantitative approach. The aim of this study is to examine the factors that constraint and facilitate Turkish women's participation in leisure activities. Material and Methods: In the study, 'Leisure Facilitator Scale (Gürbüz, Öncü and Emir, 2009)' and 'Leisure Constraints Questionnaire (Gürbüz, Öncü and Emir, 2020)' were used as data collection tools. Descriptive statistical methods; t-test, ANOVA and Pearson correlation tests were used in the data analysis. The research group consists of 196 women between the ages of 18 and 55. Results: According to the results, it was found that the main factor restricting Turkish women's participation in leisure activities is structural factors. It can be said that being a member of health/fitness clubs and participating in regular physical activity also facilitate overcoming leisure constraints. Conclusion: As a result, it can be stated that the perception of leisure time facilitator also increases as the perception of leisure time constraint increases and that strategies are determined according to constraints encountered in leisure participation and they are tried to be overcome. It is thought that the results found will contribute to literature since 2 main factors as constraints and facilitators in leisure activities were examined from a cultural and gender perspective.

Keywords: Gender; woman; leisure; constraint; facilitator
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