Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Sciences

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Travma Hafıza ve Görgü Tanıklığı Hakkında Bir Meta Sentez Çalışması
A Meta-Synthesis About Trauma Memory and Eye Witness Testimony
Neylan ZİYALARa, Afranur ATEŞa
aSosyal Bilimler AD, İstanbul Üniversitesi-Cerrahpaşa, Adli Tıp Enstitüsü, İstanbul, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Foren Sci Leg Med. 2019;16(1):54-63
doi: 10.5336/forensic.2018-62451
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Görgü tanıklığı, özellikle başkaca delilin elde edilmesinin zor olduğu davalarda maddi gerçeğin ortaya çıkarılmasına hizmet eden önemli takdiri delillerden biridir. Çalışmamızın amacı, ülkemizde Türkçe olarak yayımlanmış olan travma, hafıza ve görgü tanıklığı konusundaki bilimsel çalışmaların incelenerek sentez edilmesi ve travma ve hafızanın görgü tanığının güvenirliliğine etkisi bakımından değerlendirilip değerlendirilmediğinin incelenmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışma hazırlanırken seçilen kelimelerle YÖK Ulusal Tez Merkezi, İstanbul Üniversitesi Kütüphanesi'nin elektronik kaynakları içerisindeki Abone Veri Tabanları, Akademik Google ve Google veri tabanlarında arama yapılmıştır. Seçilen anahtar kelimeler "görgü tanıklığı", "hafıza ve travma", "bellek ve travma", "hafıza hataları", "bellek hataları" şeklindedir. Bulgular: Anahtar kelimeler taranarak bulunan yayınlar araştırma soruları, kullandıkları yöntem ve sonuçları bakımından incelenmiştir. Yapılan aramalar sonucunda toplam 28 yayına ulaşılmıştır. Bu çalışmaların 21'i makale, 7'si lisansüstü tez çalışmalarıdır. Söz konusu makalelerin türleri incelendiğinde 11 özgün çalışma, 8 derleme, 2 olgu sunumu olduğu belirlenmiştir. 11 özgün çalışmanın 8'i deneysel olup, 3'ü saha çalışması niteliğindedir. Tüm veriler oluşturulan kodlar vasıtasıyla kategorize edilmiştir. Sonuç: Araştırma yapılan veri tabanlarında görgü tanığının hafızasını etkileyebilecek bir faktör olarak doğrudan olayın yarattığı travmayı vurgulayan kısıtlı sayıda çalışmaya rastlanmıştır. İlgili çalışmalarda da travmanın etkisinin tali nitelikte incelendiği görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Psikolojik travma; hafıza/bellek; uzun dönemli
ABSTRACT
 Objective: The eyewitness testimony is one of the important discretionary proof that in particular, the fact that it is difficult to obtain other evidence. The aim of this study is to investigate and synthesize the academic studies on trauma, memory and eyewitness testimony in Turkish literature and to examine whether trauma, memory and eye witness testimony are evaluated in terms of their effect on the reliability of the eyewitness. Material and Methods: YÖK National Thesis Center, Istanbul University Library's Electronic Resources, Google Scholar and Google were searched as selected databases with the key words "eyewitness testimony", "memory and trauma", "recollection and trauma", "memory errors", "recollection errors". Results: Gained publications have been examined in terms of the methods they used and the results they obtained. As a result of the searches, total of 28 publications were reached. 21 of these studies are articles and 7 of them are postgraduate thesis. When the types of these articles were examined, it was determined that there were
11 original studies, 8 compilation and 2 case reports. 8 of 11 original studies are experimental and 3 of them are fieldworks. Conclusion: There were limited studies that emphasize the trauma caused directly by the event: as a factor that may affect the memory of the eyewitness.

Keywords: Psychological trauma; memory; long-term
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