Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Toplumsal Bir Sorun: Sağlık Çalışanlarının Şiddete Maruz Kalma Durumları
A Social Problem: Healthcare Professionals' Exposure to Violence
Esra KARABULUTa, Havva GEZGİN YAZICIa
aKütahya Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Psikiyatri Hemşireliği, Kütahya, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2021;13(1):130-8
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2020-75794
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu çalışma, bir kamu hastanesinde çalışan sağlık çalışanlarının şiddete maruz kalma durumları ve bunları etkileyen faktörlerin (sosyodemografik özellikler, hizmet yılı, çalışma saatleri, çalışma alanı) belirlenmesi amacı ile tanımlayıcı türde yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmada, bir kamu hastanesinde çalışan tüm sağlık personeli araştırmanın evrenini (185 kişi) oluşturmuştur. Örneklem seçimine gidilmeyerek, bütün sağlık çalışanlarına ulaşılmaya çalışılmıştır. Araştırmanın yapıldığı tarihler arasında çalışan, araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden ve izinli olmayan 152 sağlık çalışanı ile araştırma tamamlanmıştır. Araştırma 26.2.2020-15.3.2020 tarihleri arasında kamu hastanesindeki sağlık çalışanlarıyla onamları alındıktan sonra yüz yüze görüşülerek 19 sorudan oluşan tanıtıcı bilgi formu kullanılarak uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan sağlık çalışanlarının %39,5'inin çalışma ortamında şiddete maruz kaldığı, hemşirelerden %65,1'inin, hekimlerden ise %70,6'sının sözel şiddete maruz kaldığı bulunmuştur (𝜒2 =1,867, p=0,601). Araştırmada, kadınların, erkeklere göre daha fazla şiddete maruz kaldığı saptanmıştır (p=0,026). Hekimlerin, en çok şiddet gördüğü yer poliklinik olarak bulunmuştur. Hemşirelerin ise en çok yoğun bakım, klinik ve acil serviste şiddete maruz kaldığı saptanmıştır. Hekimlerin (%70,6) ve hemşirelerin (%60,5) en fazla şiddete uğradıkları saatlerin 08:00-16:00 saatleri arasında olduğu ve hekimler (%76,4) ve hemşirelerin (%72,1) en fazla hasta yakınları tarafından şiddete maruz kaldıkları bulunmuştur. Sağlık çalışanları arasında, en fazla görülen şiddet nedeni olarak (%31,7) hastaların fazla taleplerinin olması bulunmuştur. Şiddete maruz kalan sağlık çalışanlarının, en çok hayal kırıklığı ve öfke yaşadıkları saptanmıştır. Sonuç: Toplumun her kesiminde giderek yaygınlaşan şiddetin, sağlık çalışanları arasında görülme sıklığı ciddi bir şekilde artmaktadır. Şiddet, sağlık çalışanları arasında hayal kırıklığı, çaresizlik ve iş yerinde verimsizliğe neden olabilmektedir. Bu nedenle sağlık çalışanlarına şiddetin önlenmesine yönelik olarak gerekli yasal düzenlemeler yapılmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Şiddet; sağlıkta şiddet; sağlık çalışanı
ABSTRACT
 Objective: This study shows that health care staff working in a public hospital are exposed to violence and the factors that affect them (socio-demographic characteristics, year of service, working hours, working area etc.) was made of a descriptive type for the purpose of determining. Material and Methods: In the study, all health care staff working in a public hospital constituted population (185 people) of the research. All health care staff were included in the study without going to the sample selection. The study was conducted with 152 health care staff who worked between the dates of the study and who agreed to participate in the study. The research was conducted between 26.02.2020-15.03.2020, with the health care staff in the public hospital after approval, face-to-face and applie dusing an introductory information form consisting of 19 questions. Results: The average age of the health care staff in volved in the study was 39.5%were exposed to violence in the working environment, 65.1% of nurses and 70.6% of doctors were exposed to verbal violence (𝜒2 =1.867, p=0.601). The study found that women were more exposed to violence than men (p=0,026).The place where doctors were most violent was the outpatient clinic. Nurses were found to be most vulnerable in intensive care, clinical and emergency departments. It was found that doctors (70.6%) and nurses (60.5%) had the most violent hours between 08:00-16:00, and doctors (76.4%) and nurses (72.1%) had the most violent hours by relatives of patients. The most common cause of violence among health care staff (31.7%) was increased demand of patients. The health care staff who were exposed to violence were found to experience the most frustrationan danger. Conclusion: The incidence of violence, which is increasingly common in all parts of society, among health care staff is increasing severely. Violence can cause frustration, desperation and inefficiency at work among healthcare staff. For this reason, necessary legal arrangements should be made to prevent violence against health care staff.

Keywords: Violence; violence in health; health care staff
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