Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Tıp Fakültesi Birinci Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Hekimlik Mesleğine ve Halk Sağlığına Yönelik Bakışları: Altı Yıllık Kohort Çalışmasının İlk Sonuçları
Perspectives of First-Year Medical Students on the Medical Profession and Public Health: Initial Results of a Six-Year Cohort Study
Ülfiye ÇELİKKALPa , Didem HAN YEKDEŞa , Onur ÜNALa , Yusuf ERGİNa , Galip EKUKLUa
aTrakya Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Halk Sağlığı AD, Edirne, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci. 2024;44(3):113-21
doi: 10.5336/medsci.2023-101076
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Halk sağlığı araştırmaları ve uygulamaları, ortalama yaşam süresindeki ciddi artışın çoğu da dâhil olmak üzere birçok dikkate değer başarı ile tanınır. Halk sağlığı alanında, kanıta dayalı yaklaşımlara daha fazla önem verilmesi gerekmekte ancak bu alanda yeterli sayıda bilim insanı bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışma ile bir tıp fakültesinde başlatılan prospektif kohort çalışmasının ilk verileri kullanılarak, öğrencilerin halk sağlığı bilimine bakışları ve mesleki adanmışlık düzeylerini belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: İzlemsel olarak planlanan çalışmanın evrenini tıp fakültesi birinci sınıf öğrencileri oluşturmuştur. Çalışma, gönüllü olan 340 öğrenci ile yüz yüze görüşme yöntemi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veri toplama aracı olarak araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan sosyodemografik özellikler, çağdaş sağlık anlayışı ve halk sağlığı bilimi bilgi sorularından oluşan anket formu ve Hekimlik Mesleğine Adanmışlık Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Tıp fakültesine yeni başlayan öğrencilerin neredeyse tamamının (%91,2) mesleğini isteyerek seçtiği ve Adanmışlık Ölçeği puan ortalaması 38,21±6,70 (alınabilecek puan minimum:9, maksimum: 45) olarak bulunmuştur. Öğrencilerin çağdaş sağlık algısı 10,56±1,69 (alınabilecek puan minimum: 0, maksimum: 13) ve halk sağlığı bilimi bilgi puan ortalaması 12,98±2,62 (alınabilecek puan minimum: 0, maksimum: 17) olarak tespit edilmiştir. Öğrencilerin sadece %9,7'si mezuniyet sonrasında halk sağlığı uzmanlığı düşünmektedir. Sonuç: Çalışmada, mesleğini isteyerek seçme ve adanmışlık düzeyi yüksek olan öğrencilerin eğitim sürecinde bu motivasyonlarının devam etmesi sağlanmaya çalışılmalıdır. Tıp öğrencilerinin halk sağlığına olan ilgilerinin az olmasına neden olan faktörler belirlenmelidir. Hem eğitim sürecinde hem de ülkenin sağlık anlayışı ve politikalarında halk sağlığı odaklı uygulamalara öncelik verilmelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Halk sağlığı; öğrenciler; tıp fakültesi; sağlık bilgisi, tutum, uygulama; iş tatmini
ABSTRACT
 Objective: Public health research and practices are known for numerous notable achievements, including substantial increases in average lifespan. The field of public health requires greater emphasis on evidence-based approaches, yet faces a shortage of scientists. This study aims to determine students' perspectives on public health science and their levels of professional dedication using the first data of a prospective cohort study. Material and Methods: The population of the study, which was planned observationally, consisted of first-year medical school students. Data was collected through face-toface interviews with 340 volunteers, employing a questionnaire on socio-demographics, contemporary health understanding, and public health science knowledge, Alongside a Dedication Scale for the Medical Profession. Results: Almost the entirety of the students (91.2%) chose their profession willingly, and the mean dedication scale score was found to be 38.21±6.70 (minimum possible score: 9, maximum: 45). The students' contemporary health understanding was determined to be 10.56±1.69 (minimum possible score: 0, maximum: 13), and the average score for knowledge of public health science was 12.98±2.62 (minimum possible score: 0, maximum: 17). Only 9.7% of the students consider specializing in public health after graduation. Conclusion: Efforts should be made to ensure that students who choose their profession willingly and have a high level of dedication continue their motivation throughout the education process. The factors causing low interest in public health among medical students should be identified. Public health-oriented practices both in the educational process and in the country's healthcare understanding and policies should be prioritized.

Keywords: Public Health; student; medical school; health knowledge, attitudes, practice; job satisfaction
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