Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

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Tip 2 Diyabetli Hastaların Roy Adaptasyon Modeli'ne Göre Hastalığa Uyumlarının ve Etkileyen Faktörlerin Belirlenmesi: Tanımlayıcı Çalışma
Determination of Adaptation of Type 2 Diabetic Patients to the Disease and Affecting Factors According to Roy Adaptation Model: Descriptive Study
Esin KAVURANa, Gazi Baran CAMCIb
aAtatürk Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi, Hemşirelik Esasları ABD, Erzurum, Türkiye
bDr. Ersin Arslan Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Gaziantep, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2022;14(2):454-63
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2021-83249
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu araştırma, Tip 2 diyabetli hastaların Roy Adaptasyon Modeli'ne göre hastalığa uyumlarının ve etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesi amacıyla tanımlayıcı türde yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırmanın örneklemini, Eylül-Kasım 2020 tarihleri arasında bir eğitim ve araştırma hastanesinin dâhiliye servisinde tedavi gören 360 Tip 2 diyabetli hasta oluşturmuştur. Veri toplama aracı olarak 'Hasta Tanıtım Formu' ile Tip 2 diyabetli hastaların, hastalığa uyumlarını değerlendirmek amacıyla 'Tip 2 Diyabet Hastalarında Roy Adaptasyon Modeli Temelli Uyum Ölçeği' kullanılmıştır. Veri analizinde ikili bağımsız ve normal dağılım gösteren grupların incelenmesinde t-testi, normal dağılım göstermeyen gruplarda MannWhitney U testi yapılmış; 2'den fazla bağımsız ve normal dağılan gruplarda tek yönlü Anova, 2'den fazla bağımsız ve normal dağılmayan gruplarda Kruskal-Wallis testi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan Tip 2 diyabetli hastaların %51,7'sinin kadın, %37,8'inin 40-59 yaş aralığında, %31,4'ünün eğitim durumunun ortaokul, yarıya yakınının (%42,5) mesleğinin ev hanımı, büyük çoğunluğunun (%90,6) evli olduğu belirlenmiştir.Diyabetli hastaların 'Fizyolojik gereksinimler alanı' puan ortalaması 60,28±11,50, 'Benlik kavramı alanı' puan ortalaması 21,0±5,50, 'Rol fonksiyonu alanı' puan ortalaması 21,50±7,64 ve 'Karşılıklı bağlılık alanı' puan ortalaması 3,65±1,23 olarak bulunmuştur. Diyabetli hastaların ölçekten aldıkları toplam puan ortalaması 106,71±11,38'dir. Sonuç: Diyabetli hastaların eğitim durumları, meslekleri, diyabet dışında kronik hastalık varlıkları, diyabet süreleri, diyabetle ilgili eğitim alma durumları, ailedeki diyabetli hastaya yakınlık derecesi, evde diyabete uygun yemek pişirilmesi, diyabet komplikasyonu nedeniyle hastaneye yatma ve düzenli egzersiz yapma gibi faktörlerin hastaların, hastalığa uyumlarında etkili olduğu ve hastalığa uyumlarının orta düzeyde olduğu bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Tip 2 diyabet; Roy Adaptasyon Modeli; hastalığa uyum; hemşirelik
ABSTRACT
 Objective: This study was conducted as a descriptive study in order to determine the adaptation of patients with Type 2 diabetes to the disease according to the Roy Adaptation Model and the affecting factors. Material and Methods: The sample of the study consisted of 360 patients with Type 2 diabetes who were treated in the internal medicine service of a training and research hospital between September and November 2020. 'Patient Information Form' was used as data collection tool and 'Roy Adaptation Model Based Adaptation Scale in Type 2 Diabetes Patients' was used to evaluate the adaptation of patients with Type 2 diabetes to the disease. In the data analysis, the t-test was used in the analysis of pairwise independent and normally distributed groups, and the Mann-Whitney U test was used in the groups that did not show normal distribution; One-way Anova test was used in groups with more than 2 independent and normally distributed, Kruskal-Wallis test was used in groups with more than 2 independent and normally distributed. Results: 51.7% of the patients with Type 2 diabetes who participated in the study were female, 37.8% were between the ages of 40-59, 31.4% had secondary school education, nearly half (42.5%) were housewives, most of them (90.6%) were married. The mean score of 'Physiological needs area' of diabetic patients was 60.28±11.50, 'Self-concept area' mean score was 21.0±5.50, 'Role function area' score the mean score of 21.50±7.64 and the mean score of 'mutual commitment area' was found to be 3.65±1.23. The total mean score of patients with diabetes from the scale is 106.71±11.38. Conclusion: Factors such as education status of patients with diabetes, occupation, presence of chronic diseases other than diabetes, duration of diabetes, education about diabetes, degree of closeness to the patient with diabetes in the family, cooking suitable meals for diabetes at home, hospitalization due to diabetes complications and regular exercise It was found that it was effective in their adaptation to the disease and their adaptation to the disease was at a moderate level.

Keywords: Type 2 diabetes; Roy Adaptation Model; adaptation to the disease; nursing
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