Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
The Effects of Locus of Control and Parental Attitudes on the Management of Diabetes in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Tip 1 Diyabetli Adölesanların Denetim Odağı Düzeylerinin ve Anne-Baba Tutumlarının Diyabetin Yönetimine Etkisi
Hamide COŞKUN ERÇELİKa, Bengü ÇETİNKAYAb
aSüleyman Demirel University Health Research and Application Center, Isparta, TURKEY
bDepartment of Pediatric Nursing, Pamukkale University Faculty of Health Sciences, Denizli, TURKEY
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2021;13(1):44-51
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2020-77205
Article Language: EN
Full Text
ABSTRACT
 Objective: This study sought to evaluate the effects of locus of control and parental attitudes on the management of Type 1 diabetes mellitus in adolescents with Type 1 diabetes mellitus. Material and Methods: The study was designed as a descriptive and crosssectional study and was conducted with 74 adolescents between the ages of 13 and 16 years with Type 1 diabetes mellitus. The study data were collected using the Adolescents with Diabetes Information Form, Internal-external Locus of Control Scale, Parental Attitudes Scale and Metabolic Control Results Form in face-to-face interviews at Süleyman Demirel University Research and Application Hospital and Pamukkale University Hospital located in the Aegean and Mediterranean regions of Turkey. The study data were analyzed using Predictive Analytics Software 18. The study variables were analyzed using parametric statistical techniques, independent samples t-test and the Pearson correlation test. Furthermore, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to determine whether the variables show normal distribution or not; p<0.05 value was accepted as the level of statistical significance. Finally, descriptive statistics were also used in the study. Results: A significant difference between locus of control and fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c levels in adolescents with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (p<0.05). The study results also suggested a significant relationship between democratic parental attitudes and HbA1c levels, between protective- demanding parental attitudes and fasting plasma glucose variables, and between authoritarian parental attitudes and fasting plasma glucose variables (p<0.05). Conclusion: The study results indicated that locus of control and parental attitudes in adolescents with Type 1 diabetes mellitus had a far-reaching impact on diabetes management.

Keywords: Adolescent; diabetes mellitus; internal-external control; attitude; parents
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu çalışma, Tip 1 diabetes mellituslu adölesanların denetim odağı düzeyinin ve anne-baba tutumlarının Tip 1 diabetes mellitusun yönetimine etkisini değerlendirmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tipte olan araştırmanın verileri, Türkiye'nin Ege ve Akdeniz bölgelerinde bulunan Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Araştırma ve Uygulama Hastanesi ile Pamukkale Üniversitesi Hastanesi'nde yürütülmüştür. Araştırmaya 13-16 yaş grubunda, Tip 1 diyabet tanılı, diyabet yönetimi konusunda eğitim almış 74 adölesan alınmıştır. Veriler, Diyabetli Adölesanı Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu, İç- Dış Denetim Odağı Ölçeği, Anne-Baba Tutumları Ölçeği ve Metabolik Kontrol Sonuçları Formu ile yüz yüze görüşme tekniğiyle toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizi, 'Predictive Analytics Software 18' programı ile yapılmıştır. Değişkenler, parametrik istatistiksel tekniklerden bağımsız örneklem t-testi, Pearson korelasyon testi ile analiz edilmiştir. Değişkenlerin normal dağılım gösterip göstermediklerini belirlemek amacıyla tek örneklem Kolmogorov-Smirnov testi uygulanmıştır. Çalışmada, p<0,05 değeri istatistiksel olarak anlamlı kabul edilmiştir. Tanımlayıcı istatistikler de çalışmada kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Tip 1 diabetes mellituslu adölesanların denetim odağı durumu ile açlık kan şekeri ve HbA1c arasında anlamlı bir fark saptanmıştır (p<0,05). Denetim odağı durumu ile tokluk kan şekeri arasında anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmamıştır (p>0,05). Demokratik anne-baba tutumları ile HbA1c değişkeni arasında anlamlı bir ilişkinin olduğu belirlenmiştir (r=0,236, p<0,05). Koruyucu-istekçi anne-baba tutumları ile açlık kan şekeri değişkeni arasında anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmıştır (r=0,285, p<0,05). Otoriter anne-baba tutumları ile açlık kan şekeri değişkeni arasında anlamlı bir ilişkinin olduğu saptanmıştır (r=0,391, p<0,05). Sonuç: Bu çalışma, Tip 1 diabetes mellituslu adölesanların diyabet yönetiminin, onların denetim odağı düzeylerinden ve anne-baba tutumlarından etkilendiğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Adölesan; diabetes mellitus; iç-dış kontrol; tutum; ebeveynle
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