Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
The Effect of Itching on Fatigue and Quality of Life in Patients Receiving Chronic Hemodialysis Treatment: Descriptive and Cross-Sectional Study
Kronik Hemodiyaliz Tedavisi Alan Hastalarda Kaşıntının Yorgunluk ve Yaşam Kalitesi Üzerine Etkisi: Tanımlayıcı ve Kesitsel Çalışma
Zeynep PEHLİVAN KÖKSALa , Müge TEZELb , Nesrin NURALb
aRecep Tayyip Erdoğan University Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Rize, Türkiye
bKaradeniz Technical University Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Trabzon, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2024;16(3):836-45
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2024-101770
Article Language: EN
Full Text
ABSTRACT
 Objective: This research was conducted to determine the effect of itching on fatigue and quality of life in patients receiving chronic hemodialysis treatment. Material and Methods: The descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted with 190 patients receiving hemodialysis treatment in four dialysis centers affiliated with hospitals in two provinces in the Black Sea Region of Türkiye between March and May 2023. The data were collected by using the face-toface interview technique using a ''Descriptive Characteristics Form'', the ''5-D Itch Scale'', the ''Fatigue Severity Scale'', and the ''World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL-Tr 8)''. Results: It was found that 93.7% of the patients undergoing hemodialysis had itching. The total mean score of the patients was 9.77±3.60 on the 5-D Itch Scale, 47.06±12.42 on the Fatigue Severity Scale, and 25.77±4.70 on the WHOQOL-Tr 8. While a positive correlation was found between the patients' total mean scores on the 5-D Itch Scale and Fatigue Severity Scale, a negative correlation was found between their total mean scores on the 5-D Itch Scale and WHOQOL-Tr 8 (p<0.05). 5-D Itch Scale had a predictive effect on Fatigue Severity Scale and WHOQOL-Tr 8 (R2 adjusted: 0.094, R2 adjusted: 0.034). Conclusion: It was determined that the majority of patients experienced itching, and as the severity of itching increased, the severity of fatigue increased and the quality of life decreased. Pruritus has been identified as a predictor that negatively affects fatigue and quality of life in patients receiving hemodialysis treatment. It is recommended that hemodialysis nurses provide effective itching management in patients.

Keywords: Hemodialysis; itching; quality of life; fatigue; nursing
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu araştırma, kronik hemodiyaliz tedavisi alan hastalarda kaşıntının yorgunluk ve yaşam kalitesi üzerine etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tipte yapılan araştırma, Mart-Mayıs 2023 tarihleri arasında Türkiye'nin Karadeniz Bölgesi'nde yer alan 2 ildeki hastanelere bağlı 4 diyaliz merkezinde hemodiyaliz tedavisi alan 190 hasta ile gerçekleştirildi. Veriler, ''Tanımlayıcı Özellikler Formu'', ''5 Boyutlu Kaşıntı Ölçeği'', ''Yorgunluk Şiddeti Ölçeği'' ve ''Dünya Sağlık Örgütü Yaşam Kalitesi Anketi [World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL-Tr 8)]'' kullanılarak yüz yüze görüşme tekniği ile toplandı. Bulgular: Hemodiyaliz tedavisi alan hastaların %93,7'sinde kaşıntı görüldüğü saptandı. Hastaların 5 Boyutlu Kaşıntı Ölçeği toplam puan ortalaması 9,77±3,60, Yorgunluk Şiddet Ölçeği 47,06±12,42 ve WHOQOL-Tr 8 25,77±4,70 olarak bulundu. Hastaların 5 Boyutlu Kaşıntı Ölçeği toplam puan ortalaması ile Yorgunluk Şiddet Ölçeği toplam puan ortalaması arasında pozitif yönlü ve WHOQOL-Tr 8 toplam puanı ile negatif yönlü bir ilişki saptandı (p<0,05). 5 Boyutlu Kaşıntı Ölçeği'nin Yorgunluk Şiddet ve WHOQOL-Tr 8 üzerine yordayıcı etkisi vardır (R2 ayarlanmış: 0,094, R2 ayarlanmış: 0,034). Sonuç: Hastaların büyük çoğunluğunun kaşıntı yaşadığı, kaşıntı şiddeti arttıkça yorgunluk şiddetinin arttığı ve yaşam kalitesinin azaldığı saptandı. Kaşıntı, hemodiyaliz tedavisi alan hastalarda yorgunluk ve yaşam kalitesini olumsuz etkileyen bir yordayıcı olarak belirlendi. Hemodiyaliz hemşirelerinin hastalarda etkili bir kaşıntı yönetimi sağlaması önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Hemodiyaliz; kaşıntı; yaşam kalitesi; yorgunluk; hemşirelik
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