Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Sports Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
The Comparison of Flexibility and Isokinetic Shoulder Strength in Wheelchair and Able-bodied Basketball Players
Tekerlekli Sandalye Basketbol ve Sağlıklı Basketbol Oyuncularının Omuz İzokinetik Kuvvet ve Esnekliğinin Karşılaştırılması
Gamze ÇOBANOĞLUa, Nevin ATALAY GÜZELa, Barış SEVENa, Sinem SUNER KEKLİKb, Seyfi SAVAŞc, Nihan KAFAa
aDepartment of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Gazi University Faculty of Health Sciences, Ankara, TURKEY
bDepartment of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Health Sciences, Sivas, TURKEY
cDepartment of Physical Education and Sports Teacher Training, Gazi University, Faculty of Sports Science, Ankara, TURKEY
Turkiye Klinikleri J Sports Sci. 2020;12(3):349-57
doi: 10.5336/sportsci.2020-75591
Article Language: EN
Full Text
ABSTRACT
 Objective: The objective of this study is to compare the flexibility and strength of shoulder rotator cuff muscle of wheelchair basketball players (WBP), able-bodied basketball players (AB-BP) and healthy sedentary individuals. Material and Method: We included 17 WBP (in the age group of 22.5'39 years and a mean age of 28 years), 18 AB-BP (in the age group of 19.5'22 years and a mean age of 21.5 years), and 17 sedentary individuals (in the age group of 25'29 years and a mean age of 26 years) as a control group (CG) in this study. We evaluated flexibility via Apley's scratch test. Moreover, we measured the strength of the external rotator (ER) and internal rotator (IR) muscles with Cybex isokinetic dynamometer. Results: Apley's scratch test showed a significant difference among the three groups (p0.05). Although there was no significant difference in terms of ER/IR ratio, this ratio was found to be lower in WBP than the normative values. The concentric-eccentric strength of shoulder rotator cuff muscles of WBP and AB-BP were similar and higher than those of CG. Conclusion: Inadequate flexibility and rotator cuff muscle imbalance are very important in terms of injury risk. To reduce the risk of injury and improve athletic performance, these parameters should be evaluated and necessary exercises should be included in the programs in case of any deficits. Exercise for stretching the shoulder ER and IR muscles should be added in the training programs of WBP. Additionally, the exercises for strengthening the ER muscle groups should also be included in the WBPs' training programs to achieve the normative value.

Keywords: Wheelchair; basketball; shoulder; rotator cuff strength; isokinetic assessment; flexibility
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı tekerlekli sandalye basketbol sporcuları (TSBP), sağlıklı basketbol sporcuları (SBP) ve sağlıklı sedanter bireyleri omuz rotator kas kuvveti ve esnekliği bakımından karşılaştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: On yedi TSBP (22,5-39 yaş grubunda ve ortalama 28 yaşında), 18 KBP (19,5-22 yaş grubunda ve ortalama 21,5 yaşında) ve kontrol grubu (KG) olarak 17 sağlıklı sedanter birey (25-29 yaşında ve ortalama 26 yaş grubunda) çalışmaya dahil edildi. Esneklik Apley's scratch testi ile değerlendirildi. Eksternal rotator (ER) ve internal rotator (IR) kasların gücü Cybex izokinetik dinamometre ile ölçüldü. Bulgular: Üç grup arasında Apley's scratch testinde anlamlı fark bulundu (p0,05). ER/IR oran bakımından anlamlı bir fark olmamakla birlikte, bu oranın TSBP'de normatif değerlere göre daha düşük olduğu bulunmuştur. TSBP ve SBP'nin omuz rotator kaslarının konsentrik-eksantrik kuvveti benzer ve KG'dekilerden daha yüksekti. Sonuç: Yetersiz esneklik ve rotator manşet kas dengesizliği yaralanma riski açısından çok önemlidir. Yaralanma riskini azaltmak ve atletik performansı geliştirmek için bu parametreler değerlendirilmeli ve herhangi bir defisit durumunda antrenman programlarına gerekli egzersizler dahil edilmelidir. TSBP antrenman programlarına omuz ER ve IR kasları için germe egzersizleri eklenmelidir. Ayrıca, normatif değere ulaşmak için ER kas gruplarını kuvvetlendirmeye yönelik egzersizler de TSBP'lerin antrenman programlarına dahil edilmelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Tekerlekli sandalye; basketbol; rotator manşet kuvveti; izokinetik değerlendirme; esneklik
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