Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Students' Views of Childhood Vaccine Refusal and its Relationship to Health Literacy Levels: A Cross-Sectional Study
Öğrencilerin Çocukluk Çağı Aşı Reddine Bakışı ve Sağlık Okuryazarlığı ile İlişkisi: Kesitsel Bir Araştırma
Zehra İNCEDAL SONKAYAa , Gözde Yıldız DAŞ GEÇİMb
aDepartment of Health Care, Amasya University Sabuncuoğlu Şerefeddin Vocational School of Health Services, Amasya, Türkiye
bDepartment of Nursing, Amasya University Faculty of Health Sciences, Amasya, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2024;9(1):52-9
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2023-97144
Article Language: EN
Full Text
ABSTRACT
 Objective: Vaccination is an important and effective preventive public health practice in protecting and improving the health of children and adults, preventing the spread of communicable diseases, reducing poverty, and strengthening health systems. The current study examines university students' views of childhood vaccine refusal and its relationship to health literacy levels. Material and Methods: The research was done in cross-sectional and correlational type. The study was conducted with 1,588 university students. The data were collected face-to-face using the socio-demographic questionnaire form prepared by the researchers and the Türkiye Health Literacy Scale (THLS-32). Results: The participants' mean THLS-32 score was 35.57±8.02. While 25% of female students had excellent and 37.4% sufficient health literacy levels, it was 20.6% and 32.3%, respectively for male students. The rate of participants stating that childhood vaccine refusal will adversely affect public health was 51.4%. According to 43.1% of the students, childhood vaccine refusal in society is related to negative information and 39.4% think it is because of side effects. In the study, the health literacy score of those who thought that vaccines had a protective effect on human health was found to be higher. Conclusion: In the research, it was determined that the average health literacy scores of the students were higher than the general average of Türkiye. Health literacy levels should be increased to create healthy generations through students -as parents of the future- and to minimize the effects of such negative thoughts.

Keywords: Vaccines; health literacy; vaccine refusal; childhood vaccine; students
ÖZET
 Amaç: Aşılama, çocukların ve erişkinlerin sağlığının korunması ve geliştirilmesinde, bulaşıcı hastalıkların yayılmasının önlenmesinde, yoksulluğun azaltılmasında ve sağlık sistemlerinin güçlendirilmesinde önemli ve etkili bir koruyucu halk sağlığı uygulamasıdır. Bu çalışmada, üniversite öğrencilerinin çocukluk çağı aşı reddine ilişkin görüşleri ve bunun sağlık okuryazarlık düzeyleriyle ilişkisi incelenmiştir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırma, kesitsel ve ilişki arayıcı tipte yapılmıştır. Araştırma 1.588 üniversite öğrencisi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler, araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan sosyodemografik anket formu ve Türkiye Sağlık Okuryazarlığı Ölçeği (TSOY-32) kullanılarak yüz yüze toplanmıştır. Bulgular: Katılımcıların ortalama TSOY-32 puanı 35,57±8,02 idi. Kız öğrencilerin %25'i mükemmel ve %37,4'ü yeterli sağlık okuryazarlık düzeyine sahipken, erkek öğrencilerde bu oran sırasıyla %20,6 ve %32,3'tür. Çocukluk çağı aşı reddinin halk sağlığını olumsuz etkileyeceğini belirtenlerin oranı ise %51,4'tür. Öğrencilerin %43,1'ine göre toplumda çocukluk çağı aşı reddi olumsuz bilgi ile ilgili, %39,4'ü ise yan etkilerden kaynaklandığını düşünmektedir. Çalışmada aşıların insan sağlığına koruyucu etkisi olduğunu düşünenlerin sağlık okuryazarlık puanı daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Araştırmada öğrencilerin sağlık okuryazarlığı puan ortalamalarının Türkiye genel ortalamasından yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır. Geleceğin ebeveynleri olan öğrenciler aracılığıyla sağlıklı nesiller yetiştirmek ve bu tür olumsuz düşüncelerin etkilerini en aza indirmek için sağlık okuryazarlığı düzeylerinin artırılması gerekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Aşılar; sağlık okuryazarlığı; aşı reddi; çocukluk çağı aşıları; öğrenciler
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