Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Sports Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Satranç Sporunun Bilişsel Esneklik ve Problem Çözme Becerisi Üzerindeki Etkisi: Tanımlayıcı Araştırma
The Effect of Chess on Cognitive Flexibility and Problem Solving Skills: Descriptive Research
Sezgin HEPSERTa , Ahmet DÖNMEZb , İshak ŞAKARc , Hasip CANAd , Fikret RAMAZANOĞLUe
aSerbest Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Öğretmeni, Elazığ, Türkiye
bSerbest Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Öğretmeni, Sakarya, Türkiye
cSerbest Fen Bilgisi Öğretmeni, Elazığ, Türkiye
dSakarya Uygulamalı Bilimler Üniversitesi Sapanca Turizm Meslek Yüksekokulu, Seyahat İşletmeciliği ve Turizm Rehberliği Bölümü, Sakarya, Türkiye
eSakarya Uygulamalı Bilimler Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi, Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Öğretmenliği Bölümü, Sakarya, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Sports Sci. 2024;16(2):220-7
doi: 10.5336/sportsci.2024-102264
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu araştırmada; satranç sporunun bilişsel esneklik ve problem çözme becerisi üzerindeki etkisini belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırma tarama modeli kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmaya Elazığ ilinin Kovancılar ilçesinde Millî Eğitime bağlı bir devlet ortaokulundan kolayda örnekleme yöntemiyle seçilen yaşları 9-14 (Xyaş 11,67±1,21) arasında değişen 103'ü kız 97'si erkek olmak üzere toplam 200 öğrenci gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Örnekleme dâhil edilen öğrencilerin 100'ü satranç oynayan; 100'ü ise satranç oynamayan öğrenciden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada veriler, Martin ve Rubin tarafından geliştirilen, Türkçe uyarlaması Çelikkaleli tarafından yapılan ''Bilişsel Esneklik Ölçeği''; Serin ve ark. tarafından geliştirilen ''Çocuklar İçin Problem Çözme Envanteri'' ve araştırmacılar tarafından oluşturulan ''kişisel bilgi formu'' ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde betimsel istatistikler, bağımsız gruplar t-testi ve tek yönlü çok değişkenli varyans analizi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Araştırma bulguları incelendiğinde; bilişsel esneklik puanlarında cinsiyete göre anlamlı farklılık tespit edilmezken düzenli spor yapma durumuna göre anlamlı farklılık tespit edilmiştir. Problem çözme becerileri puanları açısından cinsiyete ve düzenli spor yapma durumlarına göre anlamlı farklılıklar elde edilmemiştir. Satranç oynama durumlarına göre sonuçlara bakıldığında satranç oynayan öğrencilerin bilişsel esneklik puanları satranç oynamayanlara göre anlamlı derecede yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Problem çözme becerileri açısından ise satranç oynama durumlarına göre anlamlı farklılıklar tespit edilmemesine rağmen satranç oynayanların puanlarının daha yüksek olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç: Sonuç olarak satranç sporunun bilişsel esneklik ve problem çözme üzerinde olumlu etkiye sahip olduğu ortaya konmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Satranç; spor; bilişsel esneklik; problem çözme; öğrenci
ABSTRACT
 Objective: In this study, it was aimed to determine the effect of chess sport on cognitive flexibility and problem solving skills. Material and Methods: The research was conducted using the survey model. A total of 200 students, 103 girls and 97 boys, aged between 9 and 14 (Xage 11.67±1.21) selected by convenience sampling method from a state secondary school affiliated to National Education in Kovancılar district of Elazığ province, participated in the study voluntarily. The sample consisted of 100 students who play chess and 100 students who do not play chess. The data were collected with the ''Cognitive Flexibility Scale'' developed by Martin and Rubin and adapted into Turkish by Çelikkaleli; the ''Problem Solving Inventory for Children'' developed by Serin et al.; and the ''personal information form'' created by the researchers. Descriptive statistics, independent groups t-test and one-way multivariate analysis of variance were used to analyze the data. Results: When the research findings were examined, no significant difference was detected in cognitive flexibility scores according to gender, but a significant difference was detected according to regular sports activity. No significant differences were found in terms of problem-solving skills scores according to gender and regular sports activity. When the results were analyzed according to chess playing status, it was found that the cognitive flexibility scores of students who played chess were significantly higher than those who did not play chess. In terms of problem solving skills, although no significant differences were found according to chess playing status, it was determined that the scores of chess players were higher. Conclusion: As a result, it was revealed that chess sport has a positive effect on cognitive flexibility and problem solving.

Keywords: Chess; sport; cognitive flexibility; problem solving; student
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