Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Ethics-Law and History

.: REVIEW
Sağlık Etiği Perspektifinde Organ Naklî Turizmi: Geleneksel Derleme
Transplant Tourism in the Perspective of Health Ethics: Traditional Review
Harun KIRILMAZa, Sena PARLAKb
aSakarya Üniversitesi İşletme Fakültesi, Sağlık Yönetimi Bölümü, Sakarya, TÜRKİYE
bSakarya Üniversitesi İşletme Enstitüsü, Sağlık Yönetimi ABD, Sakarya, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Ethics. 2021;29(2):311-22
doi: 10.5336/mdethic.2020-80242
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Organ nakilleri, organ yetersizliklerinde başvurulan etkili bir tedavi seçeneğidir. Günümüzde çokça kullanılan bu uygulamayı sınırlandıran en önemli etken organ bağışlarının yetersiz düzeyde olmasıdır. Hastalar, organ bağışı yetersizliği ve uzun bekleme listeleri karşısında başka bir ülkeye seyahat etmeyi ve ticari nakil ile organ naklî olmayı bir çözüm olarak görmektedir ve bu durum nakil turizmi kavramını ortaya çıkarmıştır. Uluslararası sözleşmeleri, yasaları ve hasta haklarını ihlal eden organ naklî turizmi, önemli etik ve hukuki sorunları da beraberinde getirmiştir. Bu çalışmada, tüm dünyada gün geçtikçe artan organ naklî turizminin ortaya çıkardığı etik sorunlar ve ikilemlerin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada, canlı donörlerden nakil konusunda en çok tartışılan etik konu olan donöre bağış karşılığı para verme olgusu ile organ naklî turizminin, yasal ve etik boyutlarından bahsedilmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında, nakil turizmi piyasası ve ülkelerin yasal düzenlemeleri irdelenmiş; organ naklî turizmi sağlık etiği bakış açısıyla detaylandırılarak incelenmiştir. Savunmasız bir kitleyi, maddi çıkarları gözetilse bile kullanmanın da yarattığı etik ikilemler tartışılarak bu derleme çalışması hazırlanmıştır. Organ naklî turizminde, etik faktörlerin göz ardı edilmesinin birçok yönden hem alıcı hem verici hem de sağlık sistemlerine zarar verdiği kaçınılmaz bir gerçektir ama alıcıya fayda sağlama ihtimalinden dolayı da ikilemlere sebep olan bir uygulamadır. Yaşanan etik ikilemler de göz önüne alındığında, ülkelerin organ bağışı oranlarını artırıcı ve nakil turizmine ilgiyi azaltıcı uygulamalarla harekete geçmeleri önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Organ naklî; organ naklî turizmi; sağlık etiği; etik ikilem
ABSTRACT
 Organ transplants are an effective treatment option for organ failure. The most important factor limiting this practice, which is widely used today, is the insufficient level of organ donations. In the face of the lack of organ donation and long waiting lists, patients see traveling to another country and commercial transplantation as a solution, and this has created the concept of transplant tourism. Organ transplant tourism, which violates international conventions, laws and patient rights, has brought important ethical and legal problems. In this study, it is aimed to examine the ethical problems and dilemmas caused by organ transplant tourism, which is increasing day by day all over the world. In the study, the most discussed ethical issue regarding donation from living donors, giving money to donor in return for donation and the legal and ethical dimensions of organ transplant tourism are mentioned. Within the scope of the study, the transport tourism market and the legal regulations of the countries were examined; organ transplant tourism has been studied in detail from the perspective of health ethics. This review study has been prepared by discussing the ethical dilemmas created by using a vulnerable population, even if financial interests are considered. It is an inevitable fact that ignoring ethical factors in organ transplant tourism harms both the recipient, the donor and the health systems in many ways, but it is a practice that causes dilemmas due to the possibility of benefiting the recipient. Considering the ethical dilemmas experienced, it is recommended that countries take action with practices that increase organ donation rates and reduce interest in transplant tourism.

Keywords: Transplantation; transplant tourism; health ethics; ethical dilemma
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www.turkiyeklinikleri.com website belongs to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. and is designed in order to inform physicians in the field of health

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot reach to user’s identity, address, service providers or other information. The users may send this information to the website through forms if they would like to. However, www.turkiyeklinikleri.com may collect your hardware and software information. The information consists of your IP address, browser type, operating system, domain name, access time, and related websites. www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot sell the provided user information (your name, e-mail address, home and work address, phone number) to the third parties, publish it publicly, or keep it in the website. Gathered information has a directing feature to be a source for the website’s visitor profile, reporting and promotion of the services.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com uses the taken information:

-To enhance, improve and maintain the quality of the website

-To generate visitor’s profile and statistical data

-To determine the tendency of the visitors on using our website

-To send print publications/correspondences

-To send press releases or notifications through e-mail

-To generate a list for an event or competition

By using www.turkiyeklinikleri.com you are considered to agree that;

-Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. cannot be hold responsible for any user’s illegal and immoral behavior,

-Terms of use may change from time to time,

-It is not responsible for other websites’ contents it cannot control or the harms they may cause although it uses the connection they provided.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. may block the website to users in the following events:

-Information with wrong, incomplete, deceiving or immoral expressions is recorded to the website,

-Proclamation, advertisement, announcement, libelous expressions are used against natural person or legal identity,

-During various attacks to the website,

-Disruption of the website because of a virus.

Written, visual and audible materials of the website, including the code and the software are under protection by legal legislation.

Without the written consent of Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. the information on the website cannot be downloaded, changed, reproduced, copied, republished, posted or distributed.

All rights of the software and the design of the website belong to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. will be pleased to hear your comments about our terms of use. Please share the subjects you think may enrich our website or if there is any problem regarding our website.

info@turkiyeklinikleri.com