Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Raşitizmden Korunmada Güneş Işığına Yönelik Annelerin Yaptıkları Uygulamaların Belirlenmesi
Determination of the Practices Applied by Mothers Regarding Sunlight for Protection Against Rickets
Pınar BEKARa, Duygu ARIKANb
aÇocuk Gelişimi Bölümü, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Erzincan, TÜRKİYE
bÇocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Hemşireliği AD, Atatürk Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi, Erzurum, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2019;4(2):98-106
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2018-62520
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Çocuklarının raşitizmden korumak için güneş ışığına maruz kalmalarına yönelik annelerin yaptıkları uygulamaların belirlenmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırma, Türkiye'de bulunan bir üniversite hastanesinde tanımlayıcı nitelikte yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini 2016 Nisan-2017 Aralık tarihleri arasında 0-2 yaşındaki çocuğu hastanede yatan, ulaşılabilen tüm anneler oluşturmuş; herhangi bir örneklem seçim yöntemine gidilmeden, uygulamanın yapıldığı zamanda hastanede olan, seçilme kriterlerine uyan ve araştırmaya katılmak isteyen 169 anne araştırmanın örneklemini oluşturmuştur. Çalışma kapsamına 18 yaş ve üstü olan, kognitif ve bilişsel fonksiyonları iyi olan, iletişim kurulabilen, 0-2 yaşında çocuğu olan ve araştırmaya katılmaya istekli anneler alınmıştır. Araştırmada, veriler literatürden yararlanılarak geliştirilen anket formu ile hastanede annelerle yüz yüze görüşülerek toplanmıştır. Etik kurul ve araştırmanın yapılacağı hastaneden yazılı, annelerden sözel ve yazılı izin alınmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde yüzdelik ki-kare testi analizi yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Annelerin %76,9'unun çocuğunu güneşe çıkarttığı, güneşe çıkan çocukların %48,5'inin genelde günde bir kez güneşe çıkarıldığı ve güneşe çıkanların %73,8'inin güneş ışığını direkt aldığı saptanmıştır. Çocuğun yaşı arttıkça güneş ışığını direkt alan çocuk sayısı artmaktadır. Çocuğun yaşına göre güneş ışığını alma şekli, aldığı bölgelerin etkilendiği saptanmıştır. Annenin eğitim durumunun çocuğun güneş ışığını alma şekli, aldığı bölgeleri etkilemediği bulunmuştur. Çocukların hiçbirinde raşitizm görülmemiştir. Sonuç: Çocukların tamamına yakını D vitamini almakta, çoğu güneşe çıkartılmakta ve raşitizm olan çocuk bulunmamaktadır. Annenin eğitim durumunun çocukların güneş ışığına maruz kalmasına etkisi olmadığı saptanmıştır. Çocukların güneş ışığını alması raşitizm açısından önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Raşitizm; çocuk; anne; hemşire
ABSTRACT
 Objective: The study aims to determine the practices applied by mothers regarding sunlight exposure to protect their children from rickets. Material and Methods: The descriptive study was conducted at a University Research Hospital in Turkey. The universe of the study consisted of all reachable mothers of 0-2 years old children hospitalized between April 2016-December 2017, and the sample consisted of 169 mothers who were in the hospital at the time of the application, who met the selection criteria and who agreed to participate in the study were included in the research. Mothers who were 18 years old or older, who had good cognitive functions, who were able to communicate, who had children between 0-2 years of age and who were willing to participate in the study were taken into study content. Survey data were collected by a questionnaire developed in line with the literature. The data were collected by face to face interviews with mothers in the hospital. Prior to conduct the study, the approval of the ethics committee, permission from the studied hospital and verbal and written consents of the mothers were obtained. Percentages and chi-square test was used in the evaluation of the data. Results: It was determined that 76.9% of the mothers sunbathing her child, 48.5% of the sunbathed children was out once a day in general, and 73.8% of them was exposed direct sunlight. The number of children who take direct sunlight is increasing as the children's age increases. The sunbathing type, sunbathed areas were found to be affected by the age of the children. And, it was found that sunbathing type, sunbathed areas were not affected by the maternal education status. None of the children had rickets. Conclusion: Nearly all of the children were getting vitamin D, most of them were taken to the sunlight and there were no children with rickets. it was found that children's sunlight exposure were not affected by the maternal education status. It is important for children to be exposed to sunshine in terms of prevention of rickets.

Keywords: Rickets; children; mother; nurse
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