Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Özel Eğitim Alanında Çalışan Öğretmenlerde Fiziksel Aktivite ve Bel Ağrısı: Kesitsel Bir Çalışma
Physical Activity and Low Back Pain Among Teachers Employed in the Special Education Field: A Cross-sectional Study
Gülşah BARĞIa, Nihan KATAYIFÇIb
aİzmir Demokrasi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Fizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon Bölümü, İzmir, TÜRKİYE
bHatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Fizyoterapi ve Rehabilitasyon Bölümü, Hatay, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2021;6(4):861-8
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2020-80847
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Özel eğitim alanında çalışan öğretmenlerde bel ağrısı üzerine kısıtlı sayıda araştırmalar vardır. Ancak bu öğretmenlerde bel ağrısıyla ilişkili faktörler ve fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri henüz tam olarak açıklığa kavuşturulamamıştır. Bu sebeple, bu çalışmada özel eğitim alanında çalışan öğretmenlerde fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri ve bel ağrısını araştırmayı planladık. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Özel eğitim alanında çalışan 47 öğretmen (41,99±7,87 yıl) dâhil edildi. Bel ağrısı ve fiziksel aktivite düzeyi sırasıyla Oswestry Özürlülük İndeksi ve Kısa Form Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Öğretmenlerin 9'u (%19,2) inaktif, 26'sı (%55,3) minimal aktif ve 12'si (%25,5) çok aktifti; 35'inde (%74,5) minimal özür, 11'inde (%23,4) orta derecede özür ve 1'inde (%2,1) ciddi derecede özür vardı. Oswestry Özürlülük İndeksi puanı ile şiddetli fiziksel aktiviteye harcanan zaman (r=-0,345), toplam fiziksel aktivite süresi (r=-0,367) ve sigara kullanımı (r=-0,337) arasında istatistiksel anlamlı olarak düşük orta derece negatif korelasyon varken (p<0,05); bu puan ile haftalık oturma süresi (r=0,315) arasında istatistiksel anlamlı olarak düşük orta derece pozitif korelasyon vardı (p<0,05). Sonuç: Özel eğitim alanında çalışan öğretmenlerin sadece %25,5'inin sağlığı korumak için yeterli düzeyde aktif olduğu bulundu. Öğretmenlerin büyük çoğunluğunda minimal seviyeden ciddi seviyeye kadar bel ağrısına bağlı özür bulunmaktaydı. Bu öğretmenlerde, şiddetli fiziksel aktivite ve toplam fiziksel aktivite süresi, toplam oturma süresi ve sigara içiyor olmak bel ağrısına bağlı özür ile ilişkilidir. Dolayısıyla bu öğretmenlerde fiziksel aktivite danışmanlığı ve bel okulu uygulamaları iş akışına dâhil edilmelidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Okul öğretmenleri; egzersiz; bel ağrısı
ABSTRACT
 Objective: There are a limited number of studies on low back pain (LBP) among teachers employed in special education field. However, the factors associated with LBP and physical activity (PA) levels in these teachers have not been clarified yet. Therefore, we planned to investigate PA levels and LBP in teachers employed in special education field in current study. Material and Methods: 47 teachers employed in special education field (41.99±7.87 years) were included. LBP and PA level were assessed using Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and Short Form International Physical Activity Questionnaire, respectively. Results: Out of all teachers, 9 (19.2%) were inactive, 26 (55.3%) were minimally active and 12 (25.5%) were very active; 35 (74.5%) had minimal disability, 11 (23.4%) had moderate disability and 1 (2.1%) had severe disability. While ODI score was statistically significantly low-to-moderate negatively correlated with time spent on severe PA (r=-0.345), total PA time (r=-0.367) and smoking (r=-0.337) (p<0.05), the score was statistically significantly low-tomoderate positively correlated with weekly sitting time (r=0.315) (p<0.05). Conclusion: Only 25.5% of teachers employed in special education field were found to be active enough to protect health. From minimal to severe disability level depending on LBP existed in many of these teachers. The disability related LBP is associated with severe PA and total PA time, total sitting time and smoking in these teachers. Therefore, PA counseling and back school practices in these teachers should be included in the flow of work.

Keywords: School teachers; exercise; low back pain
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