Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

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Özel Bir Kurumda Çalışan Bireylere Verilen Beslenme Eğitiminin, Bireylerin Beslenme Bilgi Düzeyi ve Sağlıklı Yaşam Biçimi Davranışlarına Etkisi
The Effect of Nutrition Training towards on Healthy Nutrition Knowledge Level and Healthy Life Style Behavior, given to Individuals Working in a Private Institution
Zeynep SUBAŞIa, Perim FATMATÜRKERb
aSerbest, Ankara, TÜRKİYE
bBaşkent Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Beslenme ve Diyetetik ABD, Ankara, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2020;5(2):191-200
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2019-70769
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu çalışma, çalışan bireylere verilen beslenme eğitiminin bireylerin antropometrik ölçümleri, sağlıklı yaşam davranışları ve beslenme bilgi düzeylerini üzerine etkisini ölçmek amacıyla planlanıp yürütülmüştür. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırma, Mart 2019-Mayıs 2019 tarihleri arasında çalışmaya katılmayı gönüllü olarak kabul eden, yaşları 18-64 arasında 40'ı kadın 41'i erkek toplam 81 ofis çalışanı birey üzerinde yürütülmüştür. Bireylere ilk görüşmede sosyo-demografik özellikleri, genel sağlık durumları, bazı beslenme alışkanlıkları anket formu ile sorgulanmıştır. Bireylere beslenme bilgi düzeyi testi ve Sağlıklı Yaşam Biçimi Davranışları Ölçeği II (SYBDÖ II) uygulanmış, antropometrik ölçümleri alınmıştır. Tüm katılımcılara belirlenen gün ve saatte şirketin toplantı salonunda yüz yüze ve sözel anlatım şeklinde araştırmayı yapan diyetisyen tarafından bilgilendirme yapılmıştır. Eğitim görsel olarak power point sunum ile desteklenmiştir. Eğitimden 1 ay sonra bireylere tekrar beslenme bilgi düzeyi testi ve SYBDÖ II ölçeği uygulanmış, antropometrik ölçümleri alınmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan kadınların yaş ortalaması 36.1±6.54 yıl, erkeklerin yaş ortalaması ise 38.0±7.03 yıldır. Kadınların eğitim öncesinde vücut ağırlığı ortalaması 63.9±9.45 kg, BKI ortalamaları 24.05±4.28 kg/m2, bel çevresi ortalamaları 90.10±7.93 olarak belirlenmiştir. Erkeklerin eğitim öncesinde vücut ağırlıkları ortalaması 83.7±9.61 kg, BKI ortalaması 26.57±3.25 kg/m2, bel çevresi ortalaması 96.85±7.31 cm, kalça çevresi ortalaması 105.53±5.16 cm olarak bulunmuştur. Kadın ve erkeklerde antropometrik ölçümler bakımından eğitim öncesinde ve sonrası arasındaki farklar istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Bireylerin eğitim sonrasında beslenme bilgi puanı ortalamasının arttığı saptanmıştır (p<0.05). Bireylerin eğitim öncesinde aldıkları SYBDÖ II toplam puan ortalaması 131.4±17.92 iken, eğitim sonrasında 134.8±16.58 olduğu bulunmuştur. Eğitim öncesi ve eğitim sonrasında su tüketimi ile SYBDÖ II ölçeği arasında pozitif ve anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmıştır (p<0.05). SYBDÖ II ölçek puanı ve beslenme bilgi düzeyi arasında hem eğitim öncesinde hem de eğitim sonrasında pozitif yönde ilişki saptanmış ve istatistiksel açıdan önemli bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Sonuç: Çalışanlara verilen beslenme eğitiminin antropometrik ölçümler, beslenme bilgi düzeyi ve sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları üzerinde etkili olduğu görülmektedir. Bireylere işyerlerinde düzenli olarak sağlıklı beslenme eğitimlerinin verilmesi eğitimin etkili ve kalıcı olmasını sağlayacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Beslenme; beslenme eğitimi; beslenme alışkanlıkları; sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları
ABSTRACT
 Objective: This study was designed to determine the effect of nutrition education given to individuals to measuring anthropometric measurements, healthy life behaviours and nutritional knowledge levels. Material and Methods: This study is conducted between March 2019-May 2019 on a total of 81 voluntary participants between 18-64 years old among which 40 are female and 41 are male. In first interview, survey form is applied to collect information about socio-demographical properties, general health conditions, eating habits. Nutritional knowledge level test and Healthy Lifestyle Behaviour Scale II (HLBS II) is applied of individuals Anthropometric measurements are recorded. All participants were informed by the dietician who conducted the research in the form of face-to-face and verbal expression in the meeting hall of the company on the specified day and time. The training is supported by visual power point presentation. 1 month after the training, nutritional knowledge level test and HLBS II scale was applied, anthropometric measurements were taken again. Results: Age average of participant females is 36.1±6.54 years and age average of participant males is 38.0±7.03 years. For female participants, average body weight is 63.9±9.45 kg, average BMI is 24.05±4.28 kg/m2, average waist measurement is 90.10±7.93, before training. For male participants, average body weight is 83.7±9.61 kg, average BMI is 26.57±3.25 kg/m2, average waist measurement is 96.85±7.31, average hip circumference 105.53±5.16 before training. There are statistically significant difference in females and males for anthropometric measurements between before and after training (p<0.05). It is determined that nutritional knowledge score of individuals increased after training. (p<0.05). While total average HLBS II score of individuals before education is 131.4±17.92, score after education is 134.8±16.58. Positive and significant relationship between water consumption before and after education and SYBDÖ II scale is determined (p<0.05). Positive and statistically significant relationship between HLBS II scale score and nutritional knowledge level is found for both before and after education conditions (p<0.05). Conclusion: It is seen that nutrition education provided to employees increased anthropometric measurements, nutritional knowledge level, physical activities and healthy lifestyle behaviours. Providing regular healthy nutritional trainings to individuals in workplaces will make these trainings effective and permanent.

Keywords: Nutrition; nutrition education; dietary habits; healthy life style behaviors
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