Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Okul Öncesi Çocuklarda Ebeveyn Besleme Tarzı Ve Etkileyen Faktörler
Parent Nutrition Style and Affecting Factors in Preschool Children
Zehra ÇALIŞKANa, Elif Tuba KOÇb
aNevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli Üniversitesi Semra ve Vefa Küçük Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Hemşireliği ABD, Nevşehir, TÜRKİYE
bKırşehir Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Hemşireliği ABD, Kırşehir, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2020;12(4):485-95
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2020-75388
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu çalışmada, okul öncesi çocuğu olan annelerin, çocuklarını besleme tarzları ve besleme tarzlarını etkileyen faktörleri incelemek amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Kesitsel-analitik nitelikteki bu çalışmanın örneklemini, İç Anadolu'da bir il merkezinin anaokullarında öğrenimlerine devam eden 260 çocuğun (kız=132, erkek=128) annesi oluşturmuştur. Veriler, 'Sosyodemografik-Antropometrik Veri Formu' ve 'Ebeveyn Besleme Tarzı Anketi (EBTA)' ile toplanmış, değerlendirilmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, independent t-test, ANOVA ve Tukey testleri kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Annelerin, EBTA alt boyutlarından alabileceği maksimum puan ortalamaları dikkate alındığında; çalışmada en yüksek puan ortalamasının sıkı kontrollü besleme (14,94±3,18) alt boyutundan alındığı, daha sonra bunu cesaretlendirici besleme (28,99±5,41) ve yardımcı besleme (8,30±3,31) alt boyut puan ortalamalarının izlediği belirlenmiştir. Annelerin, kız çocuklarını 'teşvik edici besleme', genç yaş annelerin, 'duygusal besleme', üniversite mezunu ve çalışan annelerin, 'teşvik edici', 'toleranslı-kontrollü besleme' tek çocuklu annelerin, 'toleranslı-kontrollü besleme', eşlerinin beden kitle indeksi (BKİ) normal olan annelerin, 'teşvik edici besleme' alt boyut puan ortalamaları daha yüksek bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Çocuğunu kilosuna göre 'zayıf' algılayan annelerin 'duygusal, teşvik edici besleme', 0-6 ay anne sütü alan çocukların annelerinin 'yardımcı besleme' çocuğunun reklamlardan etkilendiğini ifade eden annelerin 'duygusal ve yardımcı besleme' tarzı puan ortalamalarının daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0,05). Sonuç: Annelerin, Ebeveyn Besleme Tarzı Anketi'nden aldıkları puanlara göre, daha çok sıkı kontrollü ve cesaretlendirici besleme tarzına yatkın oldukları, en az duygusal besleme tarzını kullandıkları belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca besleme tarzlarının sosyodemografik ve antropometrik özelliklerden etkilendiği bulunmuştur. Ebeveyn besleme tarzı ve çocukların kilosu arasında ilişkiyi belirlemek amacıyla uzun süreli gözlemsel çalışmalar ve geniş örneklem üzerinde çalışmalar yapılması önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Okul öncesi çocuk; ebeveyn besleme tarzı; çocukluk çağı obezitesi; okul sağlığı, çocuklarda beslenme
ABSTRACT
 Objective: It is aimed to examine the feeding styles of mothers who have preschool children and the factors that affect these styles. Material and Methods: The sample of this cross-sectional analytical study was mothers of 260 children (girl:132, boy:128) who were attending kindergartens at a city center in Central Anatolia. The data were collected with 'Sociodemographic-Anthropometric Data Form' and 'Parental Feeding Style Questionnaire'. Descriptive statistics, independent t-test, ANOVA and Tukey tests were used for evaluation. Results: Considering the maximum mean scores that mothers can get from the Parental Feeding Style Questionnaire (PFSQ) sub-dimensions; it was determined that the highest mean score was obtained from the strictly controlled feeding (14.94±3.18) and the encouraging feeding (28.99±5.41) and instrumental feeding (8.30±3.31) sub-dimensions mean scores followed this. Some subscale means were higher as 'encouraging feeding nutrition' for mothers of girls, 'emotional feeding' for young mothers, 'encouraging' ''tolerant-controlled feeding'' for university graduates and working mothers, 'tolerant- controlled feeding' for mothers with one child, 'encouraging feeding' for mothers whose husband with normal BMI (p<0.05). Also, mean scores were higher as following; 'Emotional, encouraging nutrition' for mothers who perceive their children as underweight, 'instrumental feeding' for mothers whose children breastfed for 0-6 months, and "emotional and instrumental feeding" for mothers who thought their children affected from advertisements (p<0.05). Conclusion: It is determined that mothers are more tend to strictly controlled and encouraging feeding style and use emotional feeding style at least, according to their scores on the Parental Feeding Style Scale. Also, parental feeding styles were affected by sociodemographic and anthropometric features. It is suggestedthat long-term observational and with large sampling studies should be conducted to determine relationship between parental feding style and children's weight.

Keywords: Preschool child; parental feeding style; childhood obesity; school health; nutrition in children
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Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. may block the website to users in the following events:

-Information with wrong, incomplete, deceiving or immoral expressions is recorded to the website,

-Proclamation, advertisement, announcement, libelous expressions are used against natural person or legal identity,

-During various attacks to the website,

-Disruption of the website because of a virus.

Written, visual and audible materials of the website, including the code and the software are under protection by legal legislation.

Without the written consent of Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. the information on the website cannot be downloaded, changed, reproduced, copied, republished, posted or distributed.

All rights of the software and the design of the website belong to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. will be pleased to hear your comments about our terms of use. Please share the subjects you think may enrich our website or if there is any problem regarding our website.

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