Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

.: REVIEW
Not Invisible but Existing Danger Surgical Smoke: A Literature Review
Görünmez Değil Ama Var Olan Tehlike Cerrahi Duman: Literatür Derlemesi
Ufuk KAYAa , Kerem YILDIZb
aCyprus Health and Social Sciences University Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Morphou, TRNC
bEastern Mediterranean University Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nursing, Famagusta, TRNC
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2024;16(2):577-81
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2023-99065
Article Language: EN
Full Text
ABSTRACT
 Operating rooms are dangerous areas that may pose a risk to patients and healthcare professionals. One of the risks for patients and healthcare professionals is surgical smoke. Electrosurgical devices, which cause the formation of surgical smoke, are frequently used during surgical procedures performed in operating rooms and outpatient services, during endoscopic applications such as removal of polyps, stopping bleeding and tissue resection. Many studies on surgical smoke report the negative effects of smoke on health professionals in the short term. Although the harmful effects of surgical smoke are known, studies show that operating room staff do not have sufficient knowledge about these effects and do not comply with smoke evacuation guidelines. Visible and malodorous, 95% of surgical smoke is water however, the remaining 5% consists of bacteria, viruses, living and dead cellular materials, blood, harmful chemicals. Many studies on surgical smoke report the negative effects of smoke on health professionals in the short term. Operating room personnel had headache, nausea, burning in the throat, cough, eye irritation, watery eye, sneezing, hair odor, hepatitis, cancer, asthma, dizziness, throat irritation, discomfort from smell, chronic bronchitis, rhinitis, drowsiness, anxiety, dermatitis. In the 2022 guideline of the Association of periOperative Registered Nurses, attention is drawn to the necessity of providing a surgical smoke-free working environment in healthcare institutions. It is of great importance that the evacuation of surgical smoke is carried out in the best way, compliance with the recommendations in this direction and the implementation of the hierarchy.

Keywords: Danger; surgical smoke; operating room; surgery; nursing
ÖZET
 Ameliyathaneler, hasta ve sağlık çalışanları için risk oluşturabilecek tehlikeli alanlardır. Hastalar ve sağlık çalışanları için risklerden biri de cerrahi dumandır. Cerrahi duman oluşumuna neden olan elektrocerrahi cihazları, ameliyathanelerde ve poliklinik servislerinde yapılan cerrahi işlemlerde, poliplerin çıkarılması, kanamanın durdurulması ve doku rezeksiyonu gibi endoskopik uygulamalar sırasında sıklıkla kullanılmaktadır. Cerrahi duman üzerine yapılan pek çok çalışma, dumanın sağlık çalışanları üzerinde kısa vadede olumsuz etkilerini bildirmektedir. Cerrahi dumanın zararlı etkileri bilinmesine rağmen yapılan çalışmalar ameliyathane personelinin bu etkiler konusunda yeterli bilgiye sahip olmadığını ve duman tahliye kurallarına uymadığını göstermektedir. Görünür ve kötü kokulu cerrahi dumanın %95'i sudur ancak geriye kalan %5'lik kısım bakteriler, canlı ve ölü hücresel materyaller, kan, zehirli gazlar ve virüslerden oluşmaktadır. Cerrahi duman üzerine yapılan pek çok çalışma, dumanın sağlık çalışanları üzerinde kısa vadede olumsuz etkilerini bildirmektedir. Ameliyathane çalışanlarında baş ağrısı, mide bulantısı, boğazda yanma, öksürük, gözlerde sulanma, hapşırma, saç kokusu, hepatit, kanser, astım, baş dönmesi, boğazda tahriş, kokudan rahatsızlık, kronik bronşit, rinit, uyuşukluk, anksiyete, dermatit görüldüğü tespit edilmiştir. PeriOperatif Kayıtlı Hemşireler Derneği 2022 (Association of periOperative Registered Nurses 2022) kılavuzunda sağlık hizmeti veren kurumlarda cerrahi dumansız bir çalışma ortamı sağlamasının gerekliliğine dikkat çekilmiştir. Cerrahi duman tahliyesinin en iyi şekilde yapılması, bu doğrultuda önerilere uyulması ve hiyerarşinin uygulanması büyük önem taşımaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Tehlike; cerrahi duman; ameliyathane; ameliyat; hemşirelik
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