Journal of Traditional Medical Complementary Therapies

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Normal Vajinal Doğum Yapan Gebelerde Sanal Gerçeklik Uygulamalarının Doğum Eylemi ve Doğum Memnuniyeti Üzerine Etkisi: Sistematik Derleme
The Effect of Virtual Reality Applications on Chilbirth and Birth Satisfaction in Pregnant Women Having Normal Vaginal Delivery: A Systematic Review
Emine KARACANa, Semra AKKÖZ ÇEVİKb
aİskenderun Teknik Üniversitesi Dörtyol Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksekokulu, Hatay, Türkiye
bGaziantep Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Ebelik ABD, Gaziantep, Türkiye
J Tradit Complem Med. 2023;6(1):48-57
doi: 10.5336/jtracom.2022-90916
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Sanal gerçeklik, insanlara gerçek hayatta yapmaları mümkün olmayan eylemleri mümkün kılan, bulunmak istedikleri yerlere sanal ortamda kolaylıkla girişlerini sağlayan, gerçekmiş hissi veren, bilgisayar tasarımlı ileri düzey bir teknolojidir. Bu teknoloji, birçok alanda olduğu gibi obstetride de farmakolojik olmayan destekleyici bir yöntem olarak kullanılmaya başlanmıştır. Bu sistematik derleme çalışmasında da anne adayları için oldukça stresli bir süreç olan doğum eylemi sırasında sanal gerçeklik teknolojilerinin etkilerini inceleyecek araştırmacılara mevcut çalışmaların sistematik analizini yaparak rehberlik etmek amaçlanmıştır. Derleme, PRISMA (2009) sistematik derleme yöntemi kullanılarak, Cochrane, PubMed, Medline, ScienceDirect, CiteSeerx, EBSCOhost, Scopus, Research Square, Semantic Scholar, CINAHL, YÖKTEZ ve ULAKBİM veri tabanlarının incelenmesiyle oluşturuldu. Derlemeye, 2012-2022 yılları arasında yayımlanan, randomize kontrollü 12 çalışma dâhil edildi. Literatür taraması sonucunda, sanal gerçeklik uygulamalarının doğum eylemi ve memnuniyeti üzerine etkilerini araştıran çalışmaların en fazla Türkiye'de yapıldığı ve bu randomize kontrollü deneysel çalışmalarda da en fazla doğum ağrısına olan etkisinin araştırıldığı bulunmuştur. Ayrıca sanal gerçeklik uygulamalarının en fazla doğum ağrısı ve memnuniyetini değerlendirmek için uygulandığı ve kanıt düzeyi yüksek sonuçların elde edildiği, fakat doğum eyleminin süresi ve anksiyetesi üzerine olan etkisinin belirlenebilmesi için daha fazla kanıta dayalı çalışmalara ihtiyaç olduğu bulunmuştur. Çalışmanın sonucunda, sanal gerçeklik teknolojilerinin gebelik ve doğum eylemi üzerine etkisine ilişkin genel bir yargıya ulaşmak için daha fazla randomize kontrollü çalışmalara ihtiyaç olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Sanal gerçeklik; doğum ağrısı; doğum başlangıcı; hasta memnuniyeti
ABSTRACT
 Virtual reality is an advanced computer-designed technology that makes it possible for people to perform actions that are impossible to do in real life, allows them to easily enter the places they want to be in the virtual environment, and makes it feel real. This technology has started to be used as a non-pharmacological supportive method in obstetrics as in many other fields. In this systematic review study, it is aimed to guide researchers who will examine the effects of virtual reality technologies during labor, which is very stressful for expectant mothers, by making a systematic analysis of existing studies. This systematic review was created using the PRISMA (2009) systematic review method. The study was conducted by scanning Cochrane, Pubmed, Medline, ScienceDirect, CiteSeerx, EBSCOhost, Scopus, Research Square, Semantic Scholar, CINAHL, YÖKTEZ ve ULAKBİM databases. In this systematic review, was included between 2012-2022 12 randomized controlled studies. As a result of the literature review, it was found that most of the studies investigating the effects of virtual reality applications on labor and satisfaction were conducted in Türkiye. In addition, it was determined that virtual reality applications were mostly applied to evaluate labor pain and satisfaction, and results with high level of evidence were obtained. However, it was found that more evidence-based studies are needed to determine the effect on the duration of labor and anxiety. As a result of the study, it was determined that more randomized controlled studies are needed to reach a consensus on the effectiveness of virtual reality technologies on pregnancy and childbirth.

Keywords: Virtual reality; labor pain; labor onset; patient satisfaction
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