Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Ethics-Law and History

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Neden Bir Hospizde Çalışılır? Bir Hospiz Çalışanlarının İfadelerine İlişkin Doküman Analizi
Why to Work in a Hospice? A Document Analysis Relating to the Expression of a Hospice Employees
Nuray DEMİRCİ GÜNGÖRDÜa, Çağatay ÜSTÜNb, Selim ŞİMŞEKc
aRecep Tayyip Erdoğan Üniversitesi Sağlık Yüksekokulu, Hemşirelik Bölümü, Rize, TÜRKİYE
bEge Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Tıp Tarihi ve Etik ABD, İzmir, TÜRKİYE
cRecep Tayyip Erdoğan Üniversitesi Yabancı Diller Yüksekokulu, Rize, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Ethics. 2020;28(2):154-62
doi: 10.5336/mdethic.2019-71205
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Hospiz bakımı, sınırlı bir yaşam beklentisi olan, geniş kapsamlı biyomedikal, psikososyal ve manevi destek gerektiren terminal dönem hastaları için palyatif bakım sunan organizasyonel bir yapılanmanın tanımlanmasıdır. Hospizlerde hasta ve/veya yakınları belli tıbbi desteklerden yararlanmaktadır. Bu merkezlerde ağrı yönetimi, semptom kontrolü, yaşam kalitesi, gönüllülerin katılımı, toplum temelli bakım programları, yas döneminin terapisine ilişkin disiplinler arası çalışmalar söz konusudur. Bu araştırmanın amacı insanların çalışma ortamı açısından zor bir durum olarak algıladığı hospizlerde çalışmaya nasıl karar verdiklerini saptamaktır. Bu çalışma nitel bir araştırma olup, verilerin toplanmasında nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden doküman analiz yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada, Almanya'nın Berlin eyaletinde ilk kurulan hospizde görev yapan 12 gönüllünün görüşlerini içeren bir gazete yazısı incelenmiştir (Lebenszeit, 2014). Elde edilen veriler içerik analizi yöntemiyle değerlendirilmiştir. Verilerin analizinden yola çıkarak 'huzur', 'onurlu ölüm' ve 'geçmiş deneyim' kategorileri oluşturulmuştur. Ülkemizde hospiz kavramını çağrıştıran bir kurum ya da organizasyon henüz bulunmamaktadır. Yaşamının son döneminde olduğu öngörülen hasta bireyler için ötanazi yaklaşımından uzak, aksine onurlu ölüm felsefesini benimseyen hospiz bakımı kaçınılmazdır. Bu bağlamda ülkemizin sosyokültürel yapısına uygun hospiz yapılanması için bir an önce adım atılmasını ümit etmekteyiz.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Terminal dönem; hospiz; gönüllü; nitel araştırma; doküman analizi
ABSTRACT
 Hospice care is a description of an organizational structure that offers palliative care for terminal patients having a limited life expectancy, requiring extensive biomedical, psychosocial and spiritual support. Patients and/or their relatives benefit from certain medical support in hospices. These centers provide interdisciplinary studies on pain management, symptom control, quality of life, volunteer participation, community-based care programs and mourning therapy. The aim of this study is to determine how people decide to work in hospices perceived to be difficult in terms of working environment. In this qualitative research, document analysis method which is one of the qualitative research methods was used to collect data. In this study, a newspaper article presenting the views of 12 volunteers working in the first hospice established in Berlin, Germany was examined (Lebenszeit, 2014). The obtained data were evaluated by content analysis method. Based on the analysis of the data, categories of 'peace', 'honorable death' and 'past experience' were formed. In our country, there are no institutions or organizations that evoke the concept of hospice. Hospice care which is far from euthanasia approach and adopts honorable death philosophy is inevitable for the patients who are predicted to be in the last period of their life. In this context, we hope that a step is taken for the structuring of hospices as soon as possible in accordance with the sociocultural structure of our country.

Keywords: Terminal term; hospice; volunteer; qualitative research; document analysis
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