Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

.: REVIEW
Multipl Skleroz Hastalığında Beslenme ve Beslenme Sorunları: Geleneksel Derleme
Nutrition and Nutritional Problems in Multiple Sclerosis Disease: Traditional Review
Melis ÖZMUTAFa
aDoğu Akdeniz Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Beslenme ve Diyetetik Bölümü, Gazimağusa, KKTC
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2022;7(3):909-18
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2022-88830
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Multipl skleroz (MS), santral sinir sistemini etkileyen kronik otoimmün ve geri dönüşümsüz bir hastalıktır. Dünya çapında yaklaşık 20,3 milyon insanın MS hastası olduğu saptanmıştır. MS, genellikle genç erişkin bireylerde (20-50 yaş) ortaya çıkmakla beraber, kadınlarda görülme insidansı daha yüksektir. Etiyogenezi ve patogenezi karmaşık ve kanıtlanmamıştır. Ancak MS hastalığının patogenezinde beslenmenin oldukça önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir. MS ve inflamatuar hastalıklarda diyet antioksidan kapasitesinin önemli olmasının nedeni; oksidatif stresin, inflamatuar sürecin en önemli bileşenlerinden biri olduğu ve miyelinin degradasyonuna ve aksonal hasara yol açtığı gözlemine dayanmaktadır. Sağlıklı beslenme müdahalesinin; hastaların mental ve fiziksel hasarını azalttığı, yaşam kalitesini artırdığı, oksidatif stresi azalttığı ve antioksidan enzim sekresyonunu artırıcı etkisi olduğu düşünülmektedir. Multifaktöriyel olan bu hastalıkta, lezyon yeri, relaps şiddeti, başlama yaşı ve şekline göre çeşitli bulgular görülmektedir. Görülen bulgular, hastaların yaşam kalitesini, beslenmesini ve fiziksel aktivite düzeylerini olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir. Hastalığa bağlı görülen bazı bulgular (disfaji, konstipasyon, obezite, kaşeksi, vitamin-mineral yetersizliği, diyare, besin alerjisi, osteoporoz, ilaç-besin etkiletişimi) beslenme durumunu olumsuz yönde etkileyerek besin ögesi yetersizliğine sebep olabilmektedir. Beslenme durumunu etkileyen ve etiyolojisinden gelen faktörlerle beraber hastanın optimal beslenmesinin sağlanması oldukça önemlidir. Bu derlemenin amacı, MS hastalığının klinik bulgularını incelemek, hastalığa yönelik bazı besin ögelerinin etkilerini analiz etmek ve hastalığa bağlı olarak görülen beslenme sorunlarına öneri sunmaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Multipl skleroz; otoimmün hastalıklar antioksidan; diyet tedavisi
ABSTRACT
 Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune and irreversible disease that affects the central nervous system. It has been determined that approximately 20.3 million people worldwide have MS. Although MS usually occurs in young adults (individuals aged 20-50 years), the incidence is higher in women. Its etiogenesis and pathogenesis are complex and unproven. However, nutrition is thought to be very important in the pathogenesis of MS disease. The reason why dietary antioxidant capacity is important in MS and inflammatory diseases is based on the observation that oxidative stress is one of the most important components of the inflammatory process, leading to degradation of myelin and axonal damage. It is thought that healthy nutrition intervention reduces mental and physical damage of patients, increases quality of life, reduces oxidative stress and increases antioxidant enzyme secretion. In this multifactorial disease, various findings are observed according to the lesion location, relapse severity, age of onset and type. Observed findings negatively affect patients quality of life, nutrition and physical activity levels. Some findings related to the disease (dysphagia, constipation, obesity, cachexia, vitamin-mineral deficiency, diarrhea, food allergy, osteoporosis, drug-food interaction) can cause nutrient deficiency by negatively affecting the nutritional status. It is very important to ensure optimal nutrition of the patient, together with the factors that affect the nutritional status and come from its etiology. The aim of this review is to examine the clinical findings of MS disease, to analyze the effects of some nutrients on the disease and to offer suggestions for nutritional problems related to the disease.

Keywords: Multiple sclerosis; autoimmune diseases; antioxidant; diet therapy
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-To generate visitor’s profile and statistical data

-To determine the tendency of the visitors on using our website

-To send print publications/correspondences

-To send press releases or notifications through e-mail

-To generate a list for an event or competition

By using www.turkiyeklinikleri.com you are considered to agree that;

-Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. cannot be hold responsible for any user’s illegal and immoral behavior,

-Terms of use may change from time to time,

-It is not responsible for other websites’ contents it cannot control or the harms they may cause although it uses the connection they provided.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. may block the website to users in the following events:

-Information with wrong, incomplete, deceiving or immoral expressions is recorded to the website,

-Proclamation, advertisement, announcement, libelous expressions are used against natural person or legal identity,

-During various attacks to the website,

-Disruption of the website because of a virus.

Written, visual and audible materials of the website, including the code and the software are under protection by legal legislation.

Without the written consent of Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. the information on the website cannot be downloaded, changed, reproduced, copied, republished, posted or distributed.

All rights of the software and the design of the website belong to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. will be pleased to hear your comments about our terms of use. Please share the subjects you think may enrich our website or if there is any problem regarding our website.

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