Journal of Traditional Medical Complementary Therapies

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Medical School Students' Attitudes, Behaviours, and Information Sources Towards Holistic Complementary and Alternative Medicine: A Cross-Sectional Study
Tıp Fakültesi Öğrencilerinin Bütüncül Tamamlayıcı ve Alternatif Tıbba Karşı Tutumları, Davranışları ve Bilgi Kaynakları: Kesitsel Bir Çalışma
İrem AKOVAa , Ayşe Pınar AYILGANa , Cengizhan MERCANa , Elif Nur DUMANa , Merve ADIGÜZELOĞLU DAĞDEVİRENa , Merve Gül DOLMUŞ DİRİCANa
aSivas Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Public Health, Sivas, Türkiye
J Tradit Complem Med. 2024;7(1):23-32
doi: 10.5336/jtracom.2023-100683
Article Language: EN
Full Text
ABSTRACT
 Objective: It was aimed to evaluate medical students' attitudes, behaviours, and information sources towards holistic complementary and alternative medicine. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was applied to 980 (participation rate 80.3%) medical students between January 2023 and March 2023. Data were obtained using the sociodemographic data form and the Holistic Complementary and Alternative Medicine Questionnaire (HCAMQ). Results: Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) attitude was higher in those who were younger (p<0.001), those who were studying in the preclinical period (p<0.001), those whose families lived in a district/village (p=0.002), and those whose family's average monthly income was low (p<0.001). While the most common methods heard and used were acupuncture and hypnosis, the least were prolotherapy and hirudotherapy. Of the students, 84.8% had heard of at least one CAM method before and 80.1% had used it before. The most used primary information sources were the internet (57.8%) and social media (48.4%). Of the students, 64.3% stated that these practices should be added to the medical school curriculum. Those who had not used any method before had low positive attitudes towards CAM (p<0.001). Conclusion: Since the study was conducted after the coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic, it can be said that students' interest in CAM has increased. Considering most students who declare that these practices should be added to the medical school curriculum, it may be recommended that the relevant units carry out the necessary studies on the subject.

Keywords: Traditional medicine; complementary medicine; medical student; attitude; access to information
ÖZET
 Amaç: Tıp öğrencilerinin bütünsel tamamlayıcı ve alternatif tıbba yönelik tutum, davranış ve bilgi kaynaklarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Kesitsel tipte olan bu çalışma, Ocak 2023-Mart 2023 tarihleri arasında 980 (katılım oranı %80,3) tıp öğrencisine uygulandı. Veriler sosyodemografik veri formu ve Bütüncül Tamamlayıcı ve Alternatif Tıbba Karşı Tutum Ölçeği (BTATÖ) kullanılarak elde edildi. Bulgular: Yaşı daha küçük olanlarda (p<0,001), preklinik dönemde öğrenim görenlerde (p<0,001), ailesi ilçe/köyde yaşayanlarda (p=0,002), ailesinin ortalama aylık geliri düşük düzeyde olanlarda (p<0,001) tamamlayıcı ve alternatif tıp (TAT) tutumu daha yüksekti. En sık duyulan ve kullanılan yöntemler akupunktur ve hipnoz iken en az kullanılan yöntemler ise proloterapi ve hirudoterapiydi. Öğrencilerin %84,8'i daha önce en az bir TAT yöntemini duymuş ve %80,1'i daha önce kullanmıştı. En çok kullanılan ilk bilgi kaynakları internet (%57,8) ve sosyal medyaydı (%48,4). Öğrencilerin %64,3'ü bu uygulamaların tıp fakültesi müfredatına eklenmesi gerektiğini belirtti. Daha önce herhangi bir yöntem kullanmayanların TAT'a yönelik olumlu tutumları düşüktü (p<0,001). Sonuç: Çalışmanın koronavirüs hastalığı-2019 pandemisi sonrasında yapılmış olması dolayısıyla, öğrencilerin TAT'a ilgisinin arttığı söylenebilir. Bu uygulamaların tıp fakültesi müfredatına eklenmesi gerektiğini beyan eden öğrencilerin çoğunluğu da göz önünde bulundurularak ilgili birimler tarafından konuyla ilgili gerekli çalışmaların yapılması önerilebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Geleneksel tıp; tamamlayıcı tıp; tıp öğrencisi; tutum; bilgiye erişim
REFERENCES:
  1. Göcen G, Gügen B. Sağlık çalışanları, hastalar ve Mdr uzmanlarının Geleneksel ve Tamamlayıcı Tıp'ın (Getat'ın) dini yaşantı ile etkileşimine bakışları [Healthcare professionals, patients and SCC specialists's views on TCM and its relations with religious beliefs/practices]. Bilimname. 2019;40:229-71. [Crossref] 
  2. Şenol Y, Erdemli B, Demirezen M. Tıp fakültesi öğrencilerinin geleneksel ve tamamlayıcı tıp hakkındaki bilgi ve davranışlarının incelenmesi [Investigation of knowledge and behavior about traditional and complementary medicine of medical school students]. Anadolu Güncel Tıp Derg. 2020;2(1):6-12. [Crossref] 
  3. World Health Organization [Internet]. © 2023 [Cited: January 28, 2023]. Traditional, Complementary and Integrative Medicine. Available from: [Link] 
  4. Korthals-de Bos IB, Hoving JL, van Tulder MW, Rutten-van Mölken MP, Adèr HJ, de Vet HC, et al. Cost effectiveness of physiotherapy, manual therapy, and general practitioner care for neck pain: economic evaluation alongside a randomised controlled trial. BMJ. 2003;326(7395):911. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  5. Altınbaş Y, Derya İster E. Sağlık yüksekokulu öğrencilerinin tamamlayıcı ve alternatif tedaviler hakkındaki görüş, bilgi ve uygulamaları [Opinions, information and applications about complementary and alternative therapies of health school students]. SAUHSD. 2019;2(1):47-60. [Link] 
  6. Resmî Gazete (27.10.2014, Sayı: 29158) sayılı Geleneksel ve Tamamlayıcı Tıp Uygulamaları Yönetmeliği; 2014. Erişim tarihi: 12 Ocak 2023. Erişim linki: [Link] 
  7. Sadeghi M, Rabiepoor S, Forough AS, Jabbari S, Shahabi S. A Survey of medical students' knowledge and attitudes toward complementary and alternative medicine in Urmia, Iran. J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med. 2016;21(4):306-10. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  8. Öcal Kırsoy H, Pirinçci E, Kurt O. Tıp fakültesi öğrencilerinin geleneksel ve tamamlayıcı tıp konusundaki bilgi, tutum ve davranışları [Knowledge, attitude and behavior of medical faculty students about traditional and complementary medicine]. Ahi Evran Med J. 2022;6(2):106-14. [Crossref] 
  9. Ashraf M, Saeed H, Saleem Z, Rathore HA, Rasool F, Tahir E, et al. A cross-sectional assessment of knowledge, attitudes and self-perceived effectiveness of complementary and alternative medicine among pharmacy and non-pharmacy university students. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2019;19(1):95. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  10. Köse E, Oturak G, Ekerbiçer H. Bir grup tıp fakültesi öğrencisinde geleneksel ve tamamlayıcı tıp tutumu ve sağlık okuryazarlığı ilişkisinin incelenmesi [Examination of the relationship between traditional and complementary medicine attitude and health literacy in a group of medical faculty students]. Sak Med J. 2021;11(2):373-80. [Crossref] 
  11. Araz NÇ, Taşdemir HS, Kılıç SP. Sağlık bilimleri fakültesi öğrencilerinin tıp dışı alternatif ve geleneksel uygulamalar konusundaki görüşlerinin değerlendirilmesi [Evaluation of opinions of the faculty of health sciences students about non medical alternative and traditional therapies]. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilim Derg. 2012;1(4):239-51. [Link] 
  12. Sönmez CI, Başer DA, Küçükdağ HN, Kayar O, Acar İ, Güner PD. Tıp fakültesi öğrencilerinin geleneksel ve tamamlayıcı tıp ile ilgili bilgi durumlarının ve davranışlarının değerlendirilmesi [Evaluation of knowledge and behaviors of traditional and complementary medicine of medical school students]. Konuralp Tıp Derg. 2018;10(3):276-81. [Crossref] 
  13. Awad AI, Al-Ajmi S, Waheedi MA. Knowledge, perceptions and attitudes toward complementary and alternative therapies among Kuwaiti medical and pharmacy students. Med Princ Pract. 2012;21(4):350-4. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  14. Karahan S, Ağadayı E, Karagöz N. An evaluation of medical school students' knowledge, attitudes, and behavior regarding traditional and complementary medicine. Cumhur Med J. 2020;42(4):434-40. [Crossref] 
  15. Singh A, Kamath A. Attitude of medical students and doctors towards complementary, alternative and integrative medicine: a single-center, questionnaire-based study. J Pharmacopuncture. 2021;24(2):84-90. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  16. Soliman M, Bilszta J. Teaching complementary and alternative medicine in undergraduate medical education: a scoping review. Int J Med Educ. 2021;12:140-9. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  17. Karacan E, Sapçı E, Güngörmüş Z. Koronavirüs korkusu, hastalıktan korunma ve tedavisinde bütünsel tamamlayıcı ve alternatif tıp kullanımına ilişkin tutumu etkiler mi [Does the fear of corona affect the use of alternative methods for disease prevention and treatment]? Avrasya Sağlık Bilim Derg. 2022;6(1):30-42. [Crossref] 
  18. Erci B. Attitudes towards holistic complementary and alternative medicine: a sample of healthy people in Turkey. J Clin Nurs. 2007;16(4):761-8. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  19. Tokaç E, Gümüştakım RŞ, Kuş C, Karabekiroğlu B, Baykişi ŞE. Use of traditional and complementary medicine in Kahramanmaraş and the status during the COVID-19 period: cross sectional study. J Tradit Med Complement Ther. 2023;6(2):120-31. [Crossref] 
  20. Aktaş B. Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin bütüncül tamamlayıcı ve alternatif tıbba karşı tutumları [Attitudes of nursing students toward holistic complemantary and alternative medicine]. J Acad Res Nurs. 2017;3(2):55-9. [Link] 
  21. Baltacı N, Koç E. Knowledge, use and attitude of intern nursing and midwifery students with regard to complementary and alternative medicine. Samsun Sağ Bil Der. 2018;3(1):10-6. [Link] 
  22. Cinar N, Akduran F, Kose D. The attitudes of nursing students regarding the complementary and alternative medicine. Rev Eletrônica Enferm. 2016;18:e1174. [Crossref] 
  23. Brown S, Bilszta JLC. Medical students use, attitudes towards, and knowledge of complementary and alternative medicine: a scoping review. Asia Pacific Sch. 2021;6(4):107-17. [Crossref] 
  24. Joyce P, Wardle J, Zaslawski C. Medical student attitudes towards complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in medical education: a critical review. J Complement Integr Med. 2016;13(4):333-45. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  25. Yeşil T, Gümüştakım RŞ, Kuş C, Cesur ŞE. Use, attitude, and knowledge levels of medical faculty students towards traditional and complementary medicine practices: analytical study. J Tradit Med Complement Ther. 2023;6(1):1-10. [Crossref] 
  26. Ayraler A, Öztürk O, Oruç MA, Yavuz E. Tıp fakültesi öğrencilerinin geleneksel ve tamamlayıcı tıp hakkındaki bilgi düzeyleri ve görüşleri [The knowledge level and opinions of medical faculty students about traditional and complementary medicine]. Türk Aile Hek Derg. 2020;24(4):196-202. [Link] 
  27. Şahin N, Aydın D, Akay B. Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin bütüncül tamamlayıcı ve alternatif tıbba karşı tutumlarının değerlendirilmesi [The attitudes of nursing students towards holistic complementary and alternative medicine]. Balikesir Heal Sci J. 2019;8(1):21-6. [Link] 
  28. Ditte D, Schulz W, Ernst G, Schmid-Ott G. Attitudes towards complementary and alternative medicine among medical and psychology students. Psychol Health Med. 2011;16(2):225-37. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  29. Iktidar MA, Chowdhury S, Roy S, Liza MM, Akter S, Islam AMK, et al. Knowledge, attitude, perceived effectiveness and self-practice of complementary and alternative medicine: a cross-sectional comparison between medical and non-medical students of Bangladesh. BMC Complement Med Ther. 2022;22(1):342. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  30. Taşar MA, Potur ED, Kara N, Bostancı İ, Dallar Y. Düşük gelir düzeyine sahip ailelerin çocuklarına tamamlayıcı veya alternatif tıp uygulamaları: Ankara hastanesi verileri [The complementary or alternative medicine practices in children of low-income families: data of Ankara hospital]. Turkish J Pediatr Dis. 2011;5(2):81-8. [Link] 
  31. Ağtürk G, Aydın M, Seymen HO, Ekçi B. Haliç Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi öğrencilerinin geleneksel ve tamamlayıcı tıp yöntemleri (GETAT) hakkında bilgi ve düşüncelerinin değerlendirilmesi [Evaluation of Haliç University Faculty of Medicine students knowledge and thoughts on traditional and complementary medicine methods (TCM)]. Hippocrates Med J. 2023;3(2):33-40. [Link] 
  32. Furnham A, McGill C. Medical students' attitudes about complementary and alternative medicine. J Altern Complement Med. 2003;9(2):275-84. [Crossref]  [PubMed] 
  33. Basatemür M, Güneş G, Aylaz R. Tıp fakültesi öğrencilerinin geleneksel ve tamamlayıcı tedavi konusunda bilgi, tutum ve davranışları [Knowledge, attitude and behaviors of medical faculty students about traditional and complementary treatment]. ESTÜDAM Halk Sağlığı Derg. 2020;5(1):43-52. [Crossref] 
  34. Alzahrani SH, Bashawri J, Salawati EM, Bakarman MA. Knowledge and attitudes towards complementary and alternative medicine among senior medical students in King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:9370721. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 
  35. Samara AM, Barabra ER, Quzaih HN, Zyoud SH. Use and acceptance of complementary and alternative medicine among medical students: a cross sectional study from Palestine. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2019;19(1):78. [Crossref]  [PubMed]  [PMC] 

.: Up To Date

.: Process List

Login

 Forgot your password?

 New Registration  

Contact

Ortadoğu Reklam Tanıtım Yayıncılık Turizm Eğitim İnşaat Sanayi ve Ticaret A.Ş.

.: Address

Turkocagi Caddesi No:30 06520 Balgat / ANKARA
Phone: +90 312 286 56 56
Fax: +90 312 220 04 70
E-mail: info@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Manuscript Editing Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 2
E-mail: yaziisleri@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: English Language Redaction

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 145
E-mail: tkyayindestek@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Marketing Sales-Project Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 142
E-mail: reklam@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Subscription and Public Relations Department

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 118
E-mail: abone@turkiyeklinikleri.com

.: Customer Services

Phone: +90 312 286 56 56/ 118
E-mail: satisdestek@turkiyeklinikleri.com

1. TERMS OF USE

1.1. To use the web pages with http://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com domain name or the websites reached through the sub domain names attached to the domain name (They will be collectively referred as "SITE"), please read the conditions below. If you do not accept these terms, please cease to use the "SITE." "SITE" owner reserves the right to change the information on the website, forms, contents, the "SITE," "SITE" terms of use anytime they want.

1.2. The owner of the "SITE" is Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. (From now on it is going to be referred as "Turkiye Klinikleri", shortly) and it resides at Turkocagi cad. No:30, 06520 Balgat Ankara. The services in the "SITE" are provided by "Turkiye Klinikleri."

1.3. Anyone accessing the "SITE" with or without a fee whether they are a natural person or a legal identity is considered to agree these terms of use. In this contract hereby, "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change the stated terms anytime. These changes will be published in the "SITE" periodically and they will be valid when they are published. Any natural person or legal identity benefiting from and reaching to the "SITE" are considered to be agreed to any change on hereby contract terms done by "Turkiye Klinikleri."

1.4. The "Terms of Use" hereby is published in the website with the last change on March 30th 2014 and the "SITE" is activated by enabling the access to everyone. The "Terms of Use" hereby is also a part of the any "USER Contract" was and/or will be done with the users using "Turkiye Klinikleri" services with or without a fee an inseparable.

2. DEFINITIONS

2.1. "SITE": A website offering different kind of services and context with a certain frame determined by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and it is accessible on-line on http://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com domain name and/or subdomains connected to the domain name.

2.2. USER: A natural person or a legal identity accessing to the "SITE" through online settings.

2.3. LINK: A link enabling to access to another website through the "SITE", the files, the context or through another website to the "SITE", the files and the context.

2.4. CONTEXT: Any visual, literary and auditory images published in the "Turkiye Klinikleri", "SITE" and/or any website or any accessible information, file, picture, number/figures, price, etc.

2.5. "USER CONTRACT": An electronically signed contract between a natural or a legal identity benefiting from special services "Turkiye Klinikleri" will provide and "Turkiye Klinikleri".

3. SCOPE OF THE SERVICES

3.1. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is completely free to determine the scope and quality of the services via the "SITE".

3.2. To benefit the services of "Turkiye Klinikleri" "SITE", the "USER" must deliver the features that will be specified by "Turkiye Klinikleri". "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change this necessity any time single-sided.

3.3. Not for a limited number, the services "Turkiye Klinikleri" will provide through the "SITE" for a certain price or for free are;

- Providing scientific articles, books and informative publications for health industry.

- Providing structural, statistical and editorial support to article preparation stage for scientific journals.

4. GENERAL PROVISIONS

4.1. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is completely free to determine which of the services and contents provided in the "SITE" will be charged.

4.2. People benefiting from the services provided by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and using the website can use the "SITE" only according to the law and only for personal reasons. Users have the criminal and civil liability for every process and action they take in the "SITE". Every USER agrees, declares and undertakes that they will not proceed by any function or action infringement of rights of "Turkiye Klinikleri"s and/or other third parties', they are the exclusive right holder on usage, processing, storage, made public and revealing any written, visual or auditory information reported to Turkiye Klinikleri" and/or "SITE" to the third parties. "USER" agrees and undertakes that s/he will not duplicate, copy, distribute, process, the pictures, text, visual and auditory images, video clips, files, databases, catalogs and lists within the "SITE", s/he will not be using these actions or with other ways to compete with "Turkiye Klinikleri", directly or indirectly.

4.3. The services provided and the context published within the "SITE" by third parties is not under the responsibility of "Turkiye Klinikleri", institutions collaborated with "Turkiye Klinikleri", "Turkiye Klinikleri" employee and directors, "Turkiye Klinikleri" authorized salespeople. Commitment to accuracy and legality of the published information, context, visual and auditory images provided by any third party are under the full responsibility of the third party. "Turkiye Klinikleri" does not promise and guarantee the safety, accuracy and legality of the services and context provided by a third party.

4.4. "USER"s cannot act against "Turkiye Klinikleri", other "USER"s and third parties by using the "SITE". "Turkiye Klinikleri" has no direct and/or indirect responsibility for any damage a third party suffered or will suffer regarding "USER"s actions on the "SITE" against the rules of the hereby "Terms of Use" and the law.

4.5. "USER"s accept and undertake that the information and context they provided to the "SITE" are accurate and legal. "Turkiye Klinikleri" is not liable and responsible for promising and guaranteeing the verification of the information and context transmitted to "Turkiye Klinikleri" by the "USER"s, or uploaded, changed and provided through the "SITE" by them and whether these information are safe, accurate and legal.

4.6. "USER"s agree and undertake that they will not perform any action leading to unfair competition, weakening the personal and commercial credit of "Turkiye Klinikleri" and a third party,  encroaching and attacking on personal rights within the "SITE" in accordance with the Turkish Commercial Code Law.

4.7. "Turkiye Klinikleri" reserves the right to change the services and the context within the "SITE"  anytime. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may use this right without any notification and timelessly. "USER"s have to make the changes and/or corrections "Turkiye Klinikleri" required immediately. Any changes and/or corrections that are required by "Turkiye Klinikleri", may be made by "Turkiye Klinikleri" when needed. Any harm, criminal and civil liability resulted or will result from changes and/or corrections required by "Turkiye Klinikleri" and were not made on time by the "USER"s belongs completely to the users.

4.8. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may give links through the "SITE" to other websites and/or "CONTEXT"s and/or folders that are outside of their control and owned and run by third parties. These links are provided for ease of reference only and do not hold qualification for support the respective web SITE or the admin or declaration or guarantee for the information inside. "Turkiye Klinikleri" does not hold any responsibility over the web-sites connected through the links on the "SITE", folders and context, the services or products on the websites provided through these links or their context.

4.9. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may use the information provided to them by the "USERS" through the "SITE" in line with the terms of the "PRIVACY POLICY" and "USER CONTRACT". It may process the information or classify and save them on a database. "Turkiye Klinikleri" may also use the USER's or visitor's identity, address, e-mail address, phone number, IP number, which sections of the "SITE" they visited, domain type, browser type, date and time information to provide statistical evaluation and customized services.

5. PROPRIETARY RIGHTS

5.1. The information accessed through this "SITE" or provided by the users legally and all the elements (including but not limited to design, text, image, html code and other codes) of the "SITE" (all of them will be called as studies tied to "Turkiye Klinikleri"s copyrights) belongs to "Turkiye Klinikleri". Users do not have the right to resell, process, share, distribute, display or give someone permission to access or to use the "Turkiye Klinikleri" services, "Turkiye Klinikleri" information and the products under copyright protection by "Turkiye Klinikleri". Within hereby "Terms of Use" unless explicitly permitted by "Turkiye Klinikleri" nobody can reproduce, process, distribute or produce or prepare any study from those under "Turkiye Klinikleri" copyright protection.

5.2. Within hereby "Terms of Use", "Turkiye Klinikleri" reserves the rights for "Turkiye Klinikleri" services, "Turkiye Klinikleri" information, the products associated with "Turkiye Klinikleri" copyrights, "Turkiye Klinikleri" trademarks, "Turkiye Klinikleri" trade looks or its all rights for other entity and information it has through this website unless it is explicitly authorized by "Turkiye Klinikleri".

6. CHANGES IN THE TERMS OF USE

"Turkiye Klinikleri" in its sole discretion may change the hereby "Terms of Use" anytime announcing within the "SITE". The changed terms of the hereby "Terms of Use" will become valid when they are announced. Hereby "Terms of Use" cannot be changed by unilateral declarations of users.

7. FORCE MAJEURE

"Turkiye Klinikleri" is not responsible for executing late or never of this hereby "Terms of Use", privacy policy and "USER Contract" in any situation legally taken into account as force majeure. Being late or failure of performance or non-defaulting of this and similar cases like this will not be the case from the viewpoint of "Turkiye Klinikleri", and "Turkiye Klinikleri" will not have any damage liability for these situations. "Force majeure" term will be regarded as outside of the concerned party's reasonable control and any situation that "Turkiye Klinikleri" cannot prevent even though it shows due diligence. Also, force majeure situations include but not limited to natural disasters, rebellion, war, strike, communication problems, infrastructure and internet failure, power cut and bad weather conditions.

8. LAW AND AUTHORISATION TO FOLLOW

Turkish Law will be applied in practicing, interpreting the hereby "Terms of Use" and managing the emerging legal relationships within this "Terms of Use" in case of finding element of foreignness, except for the rules of Turkish conflict of laws. Ankara Courts and Enforcement Offices are entitled in any controversy happened or may happen due to hereby contract.

9. CLOSING AND AGREEMENT

Hereby "Terms of Use" come into force when announced in the "SITE" by "Turkiye Klinikleri". The users are regarded to agree to hereby contract terms by using the "SITE". "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change the contract terms and the changes will be come into force by specifying the version number and the date of change on time it is published in the "SITE".

 

30.03.2014

Privacy Policy

We recommend you to read the terms of use below before you visit our website. In case you agree these terms, following our rules will be to your favor. Please read our Terms of Use thoroughly.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com website belongs to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. and is designed in order to inform physicians in the field of health

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot reach to user’s identity, address, service providers or other information. The users may send this information to the website through forms if they would like to. However, www.turkiyeklinikleri.com may collect your hardware and software information. The information consists of your IP address, browser type, operating system, domain name, access time, and related websites. www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot sell the provided user information (your name, e-mail address, home and work address, phone number) to the third parties, publish it publicly, or keep it in the website. Gathered information has a directing feature to be a source for the website’s visitor profile, reporting and promotion of the services.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com uses the taken information:

-To enhance, improve and maintain the quality of the website

-To generate visitor’s profile and statistical data

-To determine the tendency of the visitors on using our website

-To send print publications/correspondences

-To send press releases or notifications through e-mail

-To generate a list for an event or competition

By using www.turkiyeklinikleri.com you are considered to agree that;

-Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. cannot be hold responsible for any user’s illegal and immoral behavior,

-Terms of use may change from time to time,

-It is not responsible for other websites’ contents it cannot control or the harms they may cause although it uses the connection they provided.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. may block the website to users in the following events:

-Information with wrong, incomplete, deceiving or immoral expressions is recorded to the website,

-Proclamation, advertisement, announcement, libelous expressions are used against natural person or legal identity,

-During various attacks to the website,

-Disruption of the website because of a virus.

Written, visual and audible materials of the website, including the code and the software are under protection by legal legislation.

Without the written consent of Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. the information on the website cannot be downloaded, changed, reproduced, copied, republished, posted or distributed.

All rights of the software and the design of the website belong to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. will be pleased to hear your comments about our terms of use. Please share the subjects you think may enrich our website or if there is any problem regarding our website.

info@turkiyeklinikleri.com