Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Maternal Obezitenin Gebelik, Doğum ve Yenidoğana Etkisi
Effect of Maternal Obesity Over Pregnancy, Childbirth and Neonatal Outcome
Gülbiye ÇELİKa, Neriman SOĞUKPINARb, Füsun SAYGILIc, Ahmet Özgür YENİELd
aBornova Atatürk Toplum Sağlığı Merkezi, İzmir, TÜRKİYE
bEge Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Ebelik Bölümü, İzmir, TÜRKİYE
cEge Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Endokrinoloji ve Metabolizma Hastalıkları ABD, İzmir, TÜRKİYE
dEge Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum ABD, İzmir, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2021;6(2):257-66
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2020-75474
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu araştırma, gebenin fazla kilolu ya da obez olmasının gebelik, doğum ve yenidoğan üzerinde etkilerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Prospektif gözlemsel tipte yapılan araştırmanın örneklemine, Ekim 2013 ve Ocak 2014 tarihleri arasında gebeliğinin ilk 12 haftasında ve kronik hastalığı olmayan gebeler dâhil edilmiştir. Gebelerin beden kitle indeksi (BKİ) hesaplanarak, normal kilolu BKİ <27 (49) ve obez BKİ ≥27 (31) olarak gruplara ayrılmıştır. Gruplar; travay süresi, doğum haftası, doğum şekli, epidural ve indüksiyon uygulama, yenidoğan boy/kg, maternal fetal neonatal sorunlar açısından karşılaştırılmıştır. Veriler sosyodemografik, doğurganlık anket formu, gebelik ve doğum izlem ile gebe izlem formu ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde, yüzdelik dağılımlar, sayı ortalamaları, ki-kare testi ve Mann-Whitney U testi kullanılmıştır. Veriler, Statistical Package For The Social Sciences 16.00 (SPSS) programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular: Gebelerin sosyodemografik ve obstetrik verilerinin karşılaştırmasında, gruplar arasında anlamlı fark tespit edilmemiş ve grupların bu özellikler açısından homojen olduğu görülmüştür. Gebelikte aldıkları kilo bakımından gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmadığı, obez gebelerin daha az kilo almış olduğu görülmüştür. Obez ve obez olmayan gebelerde gestasyonel diyabet, hipertansiyon, yenidoğan riskleri açısından da anlamlı fark bulunamamıştır. Preterm doğum yüzdesi normal grupta %12,2, obez grupta %25,8 saptanmış ancak istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmamıştır. Gruplar, yapılan karşılaştırmada travay süresi, epidural anestezi ve indüksiyon uygulama açısından istatistiksel olarak farklı bulunmamıştır. Doğum şekli açısından istatistiksel olarak fark bulunmamasına rağmen sezaryen oranı obez grupta daha fazladır. Yenidoğanların ağırlık ve boy ortalamaları açısından anlamlı fark bulunmamış olup, obez grupta yenidoğanların vücut ağırlığının ortalama olarak 700 g daha fazla olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç: Normal BKİ ve obez gebeler arasında gebelik süreci, doğum eylemi, doğum şekli, yenidoğan etkileri bakımından fark bulunmamıştır. Obez gebeler, gebelik süresince diğer grup gebelere göre daha az kilo almışlardır. Bu çalışmadan elde edilen bulgular; gebelikte obezitenin, gebelik sürecinde alınması gerekli ideal kilo sınırları içerisinde olduğu sürece gebelik komplikasyonlarında ve fetal/neonatal morbidite üzerinde olumsuz bir etkisi bulunmadığını göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Obezite; gebelik komplikasyonları; maternal-fetal ilişki; maternal obezite
ABSTRACT
 Objective: This study was planned to determine the effects of being overweight or obese on pregnancy, birth and newbor. Material and Methods: In the prospective observational type, the sample of the study conducted between October 2013 and January 2014, pregnant women in the first 12 weeks of pregnancy and without chronic disease were included. Pregnant women who was included in the study are divided into two groups as BKI ≥27(31) obese group and BKI <27(49) nonobese group. Groups were compared in terms of labor duration, gestational week, delivery type, need for epidural and induction application, infant birth weight and height, and maternal fetal neonatal adverse outcomes. Research data was collected by Socio-Demographic Questionnaire, Questionnaire of Fertility, Pregnancy and Birth follow-up and Pregnancy Follow- up Form Percentage distributions, mean numbers, Chi-square test and Mann Whitney U test were used to analyze the data. Data is analyzed with the software Statistical Packageforthe Social Sciences 16.00 (SPSS). Results: In the comparison of socio-demographic and obstetric data of pregnant women, no significant difference was found between the groups and it was observed that the groups were homogeneous in terms of these characteristics. It was observed that there was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of weight gain during pregnancy and obese pregnant women gained less weight. No significant difference was found in obese and non-obese pregnant women in terms of gestational diabetes, hypertension and newborn health risks. The percentage of preterm delivery was 12.2% in the normal group and 25.8% in the obese group, but there was no statistically significant difference. Comparison of the groups did not find any statistically significant difference in terms of labor time, epidural anesthesia and induction. Although there is no statistically significant difference in terms of delivery method, the rate of cesarean section is higher in the obese group. Altough there was no significant difference between groups for baby age (week), birth weight and height (p˃0.05), the babies of the study group weighed 700 g more than the control group newborns. Conslusion: There was no difference between normal BMI and obese pregnant women in terms of gestation period, labor, delivery type and neonatal effects.Obese pregnant women gained less weight during pregnancy compared to normal weight pregnant women. Findings obtained from this study; showed that obesity during pregnancy does not have a negative effect on pregnancy complications and fetal/neonatal morbidity as long as it is within the ideal weight limits during pregnancy. No significant difference was found in obese and non-obese pregnant women in terms of gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension, and neonatal congenital anomalies. Cesarean rates were found to be more frequent in obese pregnants than non-obese ones.

Keywords: Obesity; pregnancy complications; maternal-fetal relations; maternal obesity
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"Turkiye Klinikleri" in its sole discretion may change the hereby "Terms of Use" anytime announcing within the "SITE". The changed terms of the hereby "Terms of Use" will become valid when they are announced. Hereby "Terms of Use" cannot be changed by unilateral declarations of users.

7. FORCE MAJEURE

"Turkiye Klinikleri" is not responsible for executing late or never of this hereby "Terms of Use", privacy policy and "USER Contract" in any situation legally taken into account as force majeure. Being late or failure of performance or non-defaulting of this and similar cases like this will not be the case from the viewpoint of "Turkiye Klinikleri", and "Turkiye Klinikleri" will not have any damage liability for these situations. "Force majeure" term will be regarded as outside of the concerned party's reasonable control and any situation that "Turkiye Klinikleri" cannot prevent even though it shows due diligence. Also, force majeure situations include but not limited to natural disasters, rebellion, war, strike, communication problems, infrastructure and internet failure, power cut and bad weather conditions.

8. LAW AND AUTHORISATION TO FOLLOW

Turkish Law will be applied in practicing, interpreting the hereby "Terms of Use" and managing the emerging legal relationships within this "Terms of Use" in case of finding element of foreignness, except for the rules of Turkish conflict of laws. Ankara Courts and Enforcement Offices are entitled in any controversy happened or may happen due to hereby contract.

9. CLOSING AND AGREEMENT

Hereby "Terms of Use" come into force when announced in the "SITE" by "Turkiye Klinikleri". The users are regarded to agree to hereby contract terms by using the "SITE". "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change the contract terms and the changes will be come into force by specifying the version number and the date of change on time it is published in the "SITE".

 

30.03.2014

Privacy Policy

We recommend you to read the terms of use below before you visit our website. In case you agree these terms, following our rules will be to your favor. Please read our Terms of Use thoroughly.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com website belongs to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. and is designed in order to inform physicians in the field of health

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot reach to user’s identity, address, service providers or other information. The users may send this information to the website through forms if they would like to. However, www.turkiyeklinikleri.com may collect your hardware and software information. The information consists of your IP address, browser type, operating system, domain name, access time, and related websites. www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot sell the provided user information (your name, e-mail address, home and work address, phone number) to the third parties, publish it publicly, or keep it in the website. Gathered information has a directing feature to be a source for the website’s visitor profile, reporting and promotion of the services.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com uses the taken information:

-To enhance, improve and maintain the quality of the website

-To generate visitor’s profile and statistical data

-To determine the tendency of the visitors on using our website

-To send print publications/correspondences

-To send press releases or notifications through e-mail

-To generate a list for an event or competition

By using www.turkiyeklinikleri.com you are considered to agree that;

-Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. cannot be hold responsible for any user’s illegal and immoral behavior,

-Terms of use may change from time to time,

-It is not responsible for other websites’ contents it cannot control or the harms they may cause although it uses the connection they provided.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. may block the website to users in the following events:

-Information with wrong, incomplete, deceiving or immoral expressions is recorded to the website,

-Proclamation, advertisement, announcement, libelous expressions are used against natural person or legal identity,

-During various attacks to the website,

-Disruption of the website because of a virus.

Written, visual and audible materials of the website, including the code and the software are under protection by legal legislation.

Without the written consent of Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. the information on the website cannot be downloaded, changed, reproduced, copied, republished, posted or distributed.

All rights of the software and the design of the website belong to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. will be pleased to hear your comments about our terms of use. Please share the subjects you think may enrich our website or if there is any problem regarding our website.

info@turkiyeklinikleri.com