Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Kronik Obstrüktif Akciğer Hastalığı Olan Bireylerde COVID-19 Korkusu ve Tedaviye Uyum: Tanımlayıcı ve Kesitsel Çalışma
Fear of COVID-19 and Adherence to Treatment in Individuals with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Descriptive and Cross-Sectional Study
Vacide AŞIK ÖZDEMİRa , Zeynep PEHLİVAN KÖKSALa
aRecep Tayyip Erdoğan Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Hemşirelik Bölümü, İç Hastalıkları Hemşireliği ABD, Rize, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Nurs Sci. 2024;16(1):227-37
doi: 10.5336/nurses.2023-98996
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu çalışma, kronik obstrüktif akciğer hastalığı (KOAH) olan bireylerde koronavirüs hastalığı-2019 [coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID19)] korku düzeyleri ile tedaviye uyumları arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tipte yapılan bu araştırma bir eğitim ve araştırma hastanesinin göğüs hastalıkları kliniğinde yatan ve göğüs hastalıkları polikliniğine başvuran KOAH tanılı hastalar ile yürütüldü. Bu kapsamda çalışma Ekim 2021-Ocak 2022 tarihleri arasında belirtilen birimlere başvuran ve araştırma kriterlerine uyan 105 hasta ile tamamlandı. Verilerin elde edilmesinde ''Tanıtıcı Bilgiler Formu'', ''Modifiye Morisky Ölçeği'' ve ''COVID-19 Korkusu Ölçeği'' kullanıldı. Bulgular: Hastaların COVID-19 Korku Ölçeği toplam puan ortalamaları 15,84±8,25 olup, Modifiye Morisky Ölçeği'ne göre %84,8'i yüksek motivasyon düzeyine ve %89,5'i yüksek bilgi düzeyine sahiptir. COVID-19 tanısı alanların, bu süreçte hijyenine dikkat edenlerin ve sağlıklı beslenmeye çalışanların COVID-19 Korku Ölçeği toplam puan ortalamalarının daha yüksek olduğu ve aralarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık olduğu belirlendi (p<0,05). KOAH ile ilgili kontrollerine düzenli giden hastaların daha yüksek motivasyon ve bilgi düzeyine sahip olduğu ve aralarındaki farkın istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu saptandı (p<0,05). Hastaların motivasyon ve bilgi düzeylerine göre COVID-19 Korkusu Ölçeği toplam puan ortalamaları farkı istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değildir (p>0,05). Sonuç: Sonuç olarak, pandemi döneminde hastaların COVID-19 korku düzeylerinin ortalamanın altında olduğu, büyük çoğunluğunun KOAH tedavi sürecinde yüksek motivasyon ve bilgi düzeyine sahip olduğu belirlendi. Hastaların COVID-19 korku düzeyleri ile tedaviye uyumları arasında ilişki olmadığı saptandı. Özellikli hasta grubunda yer alan KOAH hastalarının, pandemi sürecinde ruhsal açıdan değerlendirilmesi ve desteklenmesi, bilgi ve motivasyon düzeylerinin artırılması, düzenli kontrol ve takiplerin önemi konusunda eğitim verilmesi önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: COVID-19; kronik obstrüktif akciğer hastalığı; korku; tedaviye uyum
ABSTRACT
 Objective: This study was conducted to determine the relationship between coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) fear levels and treatment compliance in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Material and Methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted with patients diagnosed with COPD who were hospitalized in the chest diseases clinic of a training and research hospital and applied to the chest diseases outpatient clinic. In this context, the study was completed with 105 patients who applied to the specified units between October 2021 and January 2022 and met the research criteria. ''Descriptive Information Form'', ''Modified Morisky Scale'' and ''COVID-19 Fear Scale'' were used to obtain data. Results: The mean total score of the patients on the COVID-19 Fear Scale was 15.84±8.25, and according to the Modified Morisky Scale, 84.8% had a high level of motivation and 89.5% had a high level of knowledge. It was determined that those diagnosed with COVID-19, those who pay attention to their hygiene in this process and those who try to eat healthy, have higher mean scores of the COVID-19 Fear Scale and there is a statistically significant difference between them (p<0.05). It was determined that the patients who went to their COPD controls regularly had higher motivation and knowledge levels, and the difference between them was statistically significant (p<0.05). The difference in the mean total score of the COVID-19 Fear Scale according to the motivation and knowledge levels of the patients was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: As a result, it was determined that the COVID-19 fear levels of the patients during the pandemic period were below the average, and the majority of them had a high level of motivation and knowledge during the COPD treatment process. No correlation was found between the COVID-19 fear levels of the patients and their compliance with treatment. It is recommended that COPD patients, who are in a special patient group, be evaluated and supported psychologically during the pandemic process, their knowledge and motivation levels are increased, and they are given training on the importance of regular check-ups and follow-ups.

Keywords: COVID-19; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; fear; treatment adherence
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