Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Ethics-Law and History

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Kronik Hastalara Bakım Veren Hemşirelerin Etik Duyarlılığı: Kesitsel Araştırma
Ethical Sensitivity of Nurses Caring for Chronic Patients: Cross-Sectional Research
Emine KIR BİÇERa, Rana CAN ÖZDEMİRb, Yasemin ÖZER GÜÇLÜELc
aHatay Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Hemşirelik Bölümü, Hatay, Türkiye
bAkdeniz Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Tıp Tarihi ve Etik ABD, Antalya, Türkiye
cHaliç Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Hemşirelik Bölümü, İstanbul, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Ethics. 2023;31(3):231-8
doi: 10.5336/mdethic.2023-97649
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Toplumun giderek yaşlanması ile sürekli bakım gerektiren kronik hastalıkların sıklığı da giderek artmaktadır. Sağlık sistemi içinde önemli rolü bulunan hemşirelerin; kronik hastalığı olan bireylerde kaliteli bir bakım sunabilmesi için gerekli bilgi ve becerinin yanında meslek etiğine uygun hizmet sunması da gerekmektedir. Kronik hastalıkların bakım ve tedavisi sürekli etik dikkati gerektirmektedir. Etik duyarlılık, etik hemşirelik uygulamaları için de bir ön koşuldur. Bu araştırmanın amacı, kronik hastalara bakım veren hemşirelerin etik duyarlılık düzeylerinin belirlenmesidir. Araştırma İstanbul ilinde bir üniversite hastanesinde iç hastalıkları ana bilim dalında 77 hemşire ile gerçekleştirildi. Verilerin toplanmasında yapılandırılmış soru formu, Byrd'ın Hemşirelere Yönelik Etik Duyarlılık Testi kullanıldı. Araştırmaya katılan hemşirelerin %94,8'i kadın, %63,6'sı evli, %46,8'i lisansüstü, %44,2'si lisans mezunu ve %59,7'si 10 yıl ve üzerinde çalışma deneyimine sahipti. Byrd'ın Hemşirelere Yönelik Etik Duyarlılık Testi'ne göre etik duyarlılık derecelerinin %62,3 orta ve %37,3 yüksek olduğu ve düşük puan alan hemşirenin olmadığı görüldü. Puan ortalamaları karşılaştırıldığında lisansüstü eğitimi olanların olmayanlara göre puan ortalamalarının daha yüksek olduğu saptandı. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgular doğrultusunda dahili kliniklerde çalışan hemşirelerin etik duyarlılığını artıran ve geliştiren programların planlanması ve uygulanması için politikalar geliştirmelidir. Mezuniyet sonrası etik ile ilgili eğitimlerin artırılması ve etik duyarlılık becerisinin kazanılabilmesi için eğitimlerin teorik ve uygulamaya yönelik olması önerilmektedir. Bununla birlikte hemşirelerin etik duyarlılıklarını etkileyen farklı değişkenleri belirlemek amacıyla, daha geniş gruplarda çalışmalar yapılmasının önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Etik duyarlılık; kronik hastalık; hemşirelikte etik duyarlılık
ABSTRACT
 With the aging of the society, the frequency of chronic diseases that require continuous care is also increasing. Nurses who have an important role in the health system; in order to provide quality care to individuals with chronic diseases, besides the necessary knowledge and skills, it is also necessary to provide services in accordance with professional ethics. The care and treatment of chronic diseases require continuous ethical attention. Ethical sensitivity is also a prerequisite for ethical nursing practices. This study aims to determine the ethical sensitivity levels of nurses caring for chronic patients. The research was carried out with 77 nurses in a university hospital, department of internal medicine in İstanbul. A structured questionnaire and Byrd's Ethical Sensitivity Test for Nurses were used to collect data. 94.8% of the nurses participating in the research were women, 63.6% were married, 46.8% were postgraduates, 44.2% were undergraduates, and 59.7% had working experience of 10 years or more. According to the Byrd's Ethical Sensitivity Test for Nurses, it was seen that the ethical sensitivity levels of the nurses were 62.3% medium and 37.3% high, and there was no nurse with a low score. When the mean scores were compared, it was found that the mean score of those who had postgraduate education was higher than those who did not. In line with the findings obtained from the research, nurses working in internal clinics should develop policies for the planning and implementation of programs that increase ethical sensitivity and improve ethical sensitivity. It is suggested that the trainings should be theoretical and practical in order to increase the post-graduation ethics training and to gain ethical sensitivity skills. However, it is thought that it is important to conduct studies with larger groups in order to determine the different variables that affect the ethical sensitivities of nurses.

Keywords: Ethical sensitivity; chronic illness; ethical sensitivity in nursing
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