Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Health Sciences

.: ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Kırda ve Kentte 65 Yaş ve Üzeri Bireylerin Sağlık Hizmetlerine Ulaşım Faktörünün Değerlendirilmesi: Nitel Araştırma
Evaluation of Access to Health Services Factor for Individuals Aged 65 and Over in Rural and Urban Areas: Qualitative Research
Melek YAVUZa , Özlem ÖZGÜRa , Gülüşan ÖZGÜN BAŞIBÜYÜKa
aAkdeniz Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, Gerontoloji Bölümü, Antalya, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Health Sci. 2024;9(1):147-55
doi: 10.5336/healthsci.2023-99047
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Bu araştırma, kırda ve kentte 65 yaş ve üzeri bireylerin sağlık hizmetlerine ulaşım faktörünü karşılaştırmayı yaşlı bireylerin sağlık hizmetlerine ulaşımda karşılaştıkları durumları tespit etmeyi ve bu durumların bireyleri nasıl etkilediği öğrenmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışma, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden mülakat tekniği kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında, kırsal bölge örneklemi olan İbradı'da 5 ve kentsel bölge örneklemi Antalya merkezde 5 katılımcı ile derinlemesine görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Antalya'nın merkez ilçeleri arasından yaşlı nüfusun fazla olduğu ilçeler seçilmiş olup, kırsal bölge bağlamında %39,3 oranla Antalya'nın en yüksek yaşlı nüfus oranına sahip olan İbradı ilçesinin seçilmesi uygun görülmüştür. Çalışma kapsamında veri toplamak amacıyla yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Kırda yaşayan yaşlıların sağlık hizmetlerine ulaşmasında; yetersiz doktor sayısı, tam teşekküllü sağlık kuruluşlarının mesafesinin fazla olması ve hava şartlarının da etkili olması faktörleri göz önündedir. Benzer şekilde kentte yaşayan yaşlılar ise yeterli sağlık hizmeti kuruluşu olduğu durumlarda bile hastaneye gitmek için ulaşımda transfer sıkıntısı çektiklerini belirtmişlerdir. Sonuç: Kırda (İbradı) ve kentte (Antalya merkez) 65 yaş ve üzeri bireylerin sağlık hizmetlerine erişimini zorlaştıran (hava şartları, yetersiz doktor ve hastane sayısı, transferde yaşanan aksaklıklar) ve sağlık hizmetlerine ulaşımı kolaylaştıran (evde sağlık çalışmalarının artırılması, rutin kontrollerin yapılması, tam teşekkülü hastane ve doktor sayısının artırılması) temalar ortaya çıkmıştır. Sağlık hizmetlerini kolaylaştırmak için evde sağlık ve bakım çalışmalarının artırılması sağlanmalı, koruyucu sağlık hizmetleri geliştirilmeli ve telesağlık ve teletıp alanlarında çalışmalar yapılmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Sağlık hizmetlerine ulaşılabilirlik; kırsal alan; kentsel alan; yaşlı sağlığı; yaşlı
ABSTRACT
 Objective: The aim of this study is to compare the access to healtcare services for individuals aged 65 and above in rural and urban areas, to identify the situations that elderly individuals encounter in accesing healthcare services and to learn how these situations affect them. Material and Methods: This study was conducted using the qualitative research methods, specifically the interview technique. Within the scope of the research, in the rural area sample, in İbradı, 5 in-depth interviews were conducted with participants, and in the urban area sample, in Antalya city center, 5 participants were interviewed in depth. Among the central districts of Antalya, districts with a high elderly population have been selected, and in the context of rural areas, İbradı district, with the highest elderly population rate of 39.3%, has been deemed appropriate for selection. A semi-stuctured interview form was utilized for data collection purposes in the study. Results: Elderly individuals living in rural areas, face factors such as shortage of healthcare professional, long distances to fully equipped healthcare facilities, and the influence of weather conditions when it comes to accessing healthcare services. Similarly, elderly individuals living in urban areas have reported experiencing transportation difficulties when attempting to access hospitals, even in cases where there are sufficient healthcare service facilities available. Conclusion: What makes it difficult for individuals aged 65 and over to access health services in rural areas (İbradı) and cities (Antalya center) (weather conditions, insufficient number of doctors and hospitals, disruptions in transfer) and facilitates access to health services (increasing home health studies, routine check-ups, themes such as increasing the number of fully equipped hospitals and doctors) emerged. To facilitate health services, home health and care work should be increased, preventive health services should be developed, and studies should be carried out in the fields of telehealth and telemedicine.

Keywords: Access to healthcare services; rural area; urban area; elderly health; old
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