Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Ethics-Law and History

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Kanser Tanısının Hastaya Söylenmesi Konusunda Hasta, Hasta Yakını, Hekim ve Hemşirelerin Görüşleri Üzerinden Bir Değerlendirme
An Evaluation on the Opinions of Patient, Patient's Relatives, Physicians and Nurses About to Telling Cancer Diagnosis to Patient
Rahime AYDIN ERa, Elif AŞIKLIb
aKocaeli Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Tıp Tarihi ve Etik ABD, Kocaeli, TÜRKİYE
bSerbest, Artvin, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Ethics. 2020;28(3):483-91
doi: 10.5336/mdethic.2020-74924
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Hastaya kanser tanısının söylenmesine ilişkin uygulamaların; etnik köken, dini inanç, kültür ve yasal düzenlemeler ile sağlık profesyonellerinin tutumları nedeni ile farklılık gösterdiği belirtilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, yapılmış araştırmalar doğrultusunda kanser tanısının hastaya söylenmesi konusunda hasta, hasta yakını, hekim ve hemşirelerin görüşlerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında kanser tanısının hastaya söylenmesine yönelik Türkiye'de yapılmış ve tam metnine ulaşılabilen araştırmalar değerlendirilmiştir. 'Kanser, aydınlatılmış onam, gerçeğin söylenmesi, hastanın bilgilendirilmesi, hasta, hasta yakını, hekim, hemşire' anahtar kelimeleri kullanılarak, Türk Tıp, Türkiye Atıf Dizini, Türk Medline ve Yüksek Öğrenim Kurumu Ulusal Tez Merkezi veri tabanları incelenmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında, 12 nicel araştırma değerlendirilmiştir. Değerlendirilen araştırmaların örneklem grubunu, kanser ve kanser dışında hastalık tanılı hastalar, kanser tanılı hastaların yakınları, hekim ve hemşireler ile sağlıklı bireylerin oluşturduğu belirlenmiştir. Araştırmalarda, hem kanser tanılı hem de farklı hastalık tanısı olan hastaların çoğunun kanser tanısını bilmek istedikleri ortaya konmuştur. Hasta yakınlarının yaklaşık yarısı, hastaya kanser tanısının söylenmesi gerektiğini belirtmiştir. Hekimlerin yarıdan fazlasının, az oranda hemşirenin hastaya kanser tanısının söylenmesi gerektiğini düşündükleri saptanmıştır. Yapılan araştırmalar, Türkiye'de hastaların ve sağlıklı bireylerin çoğunun kanser tanısının kendisine söylenmesini istediklerini göstermektedir. Kanser tanısının hastaya söylenmesine ilişkin hekim, hasta yakını ve hemşirelerin görüşleri değerlendirildiğinde; en fazla hekimlerin, ardından hasta yakınlarının ve en az hemşirelerin kanser tanısının hastaya söylenmesi gerektiği görüşünde oldukları sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Kanser; aydınlatılmış onam; gerçeğin söylenmesi
ABSTRACT
 It is stated that the applications related to telling the cancer diagnosis to the patient are different due to ethnic, religious belief, culture, legal regulations and the attitudes of health workers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the opinions of the patient, patient relatives, physicians and nurses about telling cancer diagnosis to patients according to researches. In this study was evaluated on researches related to tell cancer diagnosis in Turkey and the full texts are available. Turkish Medical, Turkey Citation Index, Turkish Medline, and National Thesis Center of the Council of Higher Education databases were examined using 'cancer, informed consent, telling the truth, informing the patient, patients, relatives, physician, nurse' as keywords. 12 quantitative researches were evaluated. The samples of researches were cancer patients, patients diagnosed with diseases other than cancer, relatives of cancer patients, physicians, nurses and healthy individuals. It has been determined that majority of patients both cancer and different diagnosis patients want to know cancer diagnosis. Approximately half of the patient's relatives stated that the cancer diagnosis should be told to patient. It was found that more than half of the physicians and less of the nurses think that the cancer diagnosis should be told to patient. The researches show that most of the patients and healthy individuals in Turkey want to be told about the cancer diagnosis. While considering the opinions of the related parties about to telling cancer diagnosis; the most physicians, then the patient's relatives and at least the nurses prefer to be told cancer diagnosis to the patient. The tendency not to tell cancer diagnosis to patient has changed in our country.

Keywords: Cancer; informed consent; truth telling
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