Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Forensic Medicine and Forensic Sciences

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İzmir Ceza İnfaz Kurumlarında Çalışan İnfaz ve Koruma Memurları Örnekleminde Duygusal Emek ve Tükenmişlik Düzeylerinin Prospektif Olarak İncelenmesi
Emotional Labor and Burnout Levels in the Sample of Correctional Officers Working in İzmir Correctional Institutions: A Prospective Study
Gamze GÜNDOĞDU a, Neylan ZİYALAR b
aAdalet Bakanlığı Ceza ve Tevkifevleri Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara, TÜRKİYE
bİstanbul Üniversitesi-Cerrahpaşa, Adli Tıp ve Adli Bilimler Enstitüsü, Sosyal Bilimler ABD, İstanbul, TÜRKİYE
Turkiye Klinikleri J Foren Sci Leg Med. 2021;18(3):234-41
doi: 10.5336/forensic.2021-84888
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Amaç: Ceza infaz kurumları, zorlu şartlara sahip dinamik yaşam alanlarıdır. Türkiye'de duygusal emek, kamu ve özel sektörde farklı alanlarda çalışılmış olmasına rağmen duygu yönetiminin zorlayıcı olabildiği, personelin mahpuslarla yüz yüze etkileşim içinde olduğu cezaevlerinde daha önce incelenmemiş bir kavramdır. Bu çalışmada, infaz ve koruma memurları örnekleminde duygusal emek ve tükenmişlik düzeylerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Araştırmaya, İzmir'de bulunan 5 farklı özellikteki ceza infaz kurumunda görev yapan toplam 401 kişi katılmıştır. Çalışmada, bilgilendirilmiş onam, demografik form, Maslach Tükenmişlik Ölçeği ve Duygusal Emek Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler, istatistiksel yöntemlerle incelenmiştir. Formlar incelendiğinde, eksik veriler analizden çıkartılmış, sonuç olarak 280 kişinin yanıtı analizlerde değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Araştırmada, katılımcıların çoğunluğunu 26-32 yaş arasında (%44,6), erkek (%75,7), evli (%68,6), lisans mezunu (%48,6), çocuk ve gençlik kapalı ceza infaz kurumunda çalışan (%22,1), 1-5 yıl arasında iş deneyimine sahip bireyler oluşturmaktadır. Duygusal emek davranışı ile kişisel değişkenler arasında anlamlı farklılık görülmemiştir. Bununla birlikte yapılan araştırma sonucunda, tükenmişlik düzeyleri incelendiğinde cinsiyet, yaş, eğitim durumu, çalışılan kurum tipi arasında anlamlı farklılığa rastlanılmamıştır. Ancak medeni durum ve katılımcıların iş deneyimleri arasında anlamlı farklılık görülmüştür. Sonuç: İzmir ceza infaz kurumlarında çalışan personelin duygusal emek ve tükenmişlik düzeyleri incelendiğinde, duygusal emek davranışı cinsiyet, yaş, medeni durum, eğitim durumu, çalışılan kurum tipi ve katılımcıların iş deneyimi değişkenlerine göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık göstermemektedir. Tükenmişlik değerleri, medeni durum ve iş deneyimi değişkenlerinde anlamlı olarak farklılaşmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Ceza infaz kurumları; duygusal emek; tükenmişlik; infaz ve koruma memuru
ABSTRACT
 Objective: Correctional institutions are dynamic living spaces with tough conditions. Although there have been researches on emotional labor in different areas of public and private sector in Turkey, it is an unexamined concept in prisons where emotion management might be challenging. The aim of this study is to examine the levels of emotional labor and burnout within the prison officers who interact with prisoner face to face. Material and Methods: A total of 401 people working in 5 different prisons in İzmir participated in the study. Informed consent, demographic form, Maslach Burnout Scale and Emotional Labor Scale were used in the study. The obtained data were analyzed with statistical methods, missing data were removed from the analysis and as a result, 280 people were evaluated in the analysis. Results: The majority of the participants in the study were between the ages of 26-32 (44.6%), male (75.7%), married (68.6%), undergraduate (48.6%), working in juvenile and youth closed prison (22.1%) with 1- 5 years of work experience. There was no significant difference between emotional labor and personal variables. Although when the burnout levels are examined, according to studies results, there is no significant difference within gender, age, educational status and institution. There was a significant difference between burnout levels and participants' marital status and work experience. Conclusion: When the emotional labor and burnout levels of the personnel working in İzmir penal institutions are examined, the emotional labor behavior does not differ significantly statistically according to the variables of gender, age, marital status, educational status, institution and work experience. Burnout differed significantly in the variables of marital status and work experience.

Keywords: Correctional institutions; emotional labor; burnout; correctional officer
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