Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Ethics-Law and History

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İntörn Hemşirelerin Etik Duyarlılığının, Empati Becerisine Etkisi: Kesitsel Tanımlayıcı Bir Çalışma
The Effect of Intern Nurses' Ethical Sensitivity on Empathy Skills: A Cross-Sectional Descriptive Study
Rana CAN ÖZDEMİRa, Meryem Türkan IŞIKb, Serpil İNCEc
aAkdeniz Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Tıp Tarihi ve Etik ABD, Antalya, Türkiye
bMersin Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi, Hemşirelik Esasları ABD, Mersin, Türkiye
cAkdeniz Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi, Hemşirelik Esasları ABD, Antalya, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Ethics. 2022;30(3):264-73
doi: 10.5336/mdethic.2021-87569
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Hemşirelik eğitimi sürecinde, etik eğitiminin ve empati becerisinin geliştirilmesi, hasta adına yararlı, doğru kararlar verme becerisini geliştirmede önemli unsurlardır. Bu çalışmamın amacı, hemşirelik son sınıf öğrencilerinin etik duyarlılıkları ile empati becerileri arasındaki ilişkiyi ve bunları etkileyen faktörleri ortaya koymaktır. Kesitsel tanımlayıcı tipte olan araştırmanın verileri, 150 intörn hemşirelik öğrencisinden 'online' veri toplama formu ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin toplanmasında katılımcıların demografik verilerini, empati ve etik ile ilgili yaklaşımlarını belirlemeye yönelik 11 sorudan oluşmuş anket formu, 'Öğrenci Hemşireler İçin Uyarlanmış Etik Duyarlılık Ölçeği', 'Toronto Empati Ölçeği' kullanılmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde sayı, yüzde, ortalama, standart sapma, Shapiro-Wilk testi, Independent-Samples t-testi, Mann-Whitney U testi kullanılmıştır. Öğrenci Hemşireler İçin Uyarlanmış Etik Duyarlılık Ölçeği toplam puan ortalaması 134,48±16,01, Toronto Empati Ölçeği Puan ortalaması ise 35,22±3,81'dir. Toronto Empati Ölçeği ile Öğrenci Hemşireler İçin Uyarlanmış Etik Duyarlılık Ölçeği alt boyut ve toplam puanları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmamıştır. Öğrencilerin hemşire olarak çalışma durumu ile etik anlam oluşturma alt boyutu arasında anlamlı fark saptanmıştır. Öğrencilerin hemşirelik mesleğini kendisine uygun bulma durumu ile etik ikilem deneyimleme alt boyutu, etik dersi alma durumu ile uzman bilgisine başvurma alt boyutu arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmuştur. Empati becerisini cinsiyet etkilerken, diğer değişkenlerin etkilemediği bulunmuştur. Hemşirelik uygulamaları, hasta ve hasta yakınları ile yakın iletişim ve etkileşim gerektirmektedir. Hemşirelik öğrencilerinde etik duyarlılık düzeyini empati becerisinin etkilemediği söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: İntörn hemşire; etik; etik duyarlılık; empati becerisi
ABSTRACT
 Ethics education and the development of empathy skills during nursing education are important elements in improving the ability to make beneficial and correct decisions on behalf of the patient. The aim of this study is to reveal the relationship between the ethical sensitivities and empathy skills of senior nursing students and the factors affecting them. The data of this cross-sectional descriptive study were collected from 150 intern nursing students using an online data collection form. A questionnaire consisting of 11 questions, 'Ethical Sensitivity Scale Adapted for Student Nurses', 'Toronto Empathy Scale' was used to determine the demographic data of the participants, their approaches to empathy and ethics. Number, percentage, mean, standard deviation, Shapiro-Wilk test, Independent-Samples t-test, Mann-Whitney U test were used to evaluate the data. The mean score on the Adapted Ethical Sensitivity Scale for Student Nurses was 134.48±16.01, and the Toronto Empathy Scale was 35.22±3.81. No statistically significant correlation was found between the Toronto Empathy Scale and the Adapted Ethical Sensitivity Scale for Student Nurses sub-dimension and total scores. There was a significant difference between the students' status working as a nurse and creating ethical meaning subdimension. A statistically significant difference was found between the students' status of finding the nursing profession suitable for themselves and experiencing ethical dilemmas sub-dimension, the status of taking ethics courses and seeking expert knowledge sub-dimension. While gender was a factor that affected empathy skill, other variables did not. Nursing practices require close communication and interaction with patients and their relatives. Empathy skills do not affect the ethical sensitivity levels of the nursing students.

Keywords: Intern nurse; ethics; ethical sensitivity; empathy skills
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