Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Sports Sciences

.: REVIEW
Hipertansiyon Tedavisinde Egzersizin Rolü: Geleneksel Derleme
The Role of Exercise in the Treatment of Hypertension: Traditional Review
Aslı Nur BAHARa
aMarmara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Fizyoloji ABD, İstanbul, Türkiye
Turkiye Klinikleri J Sports Sci. 2024;16(1):129-38
doi: 10.5336/sportsci.2023-98722
Article Language: TR
Full Text
ÖZET
 Hipertansiyon, dünya çapında kardiyovasküler hastalıkların ve erken ölümlerin önde gelen önemli bir risk faktörüdür. Dünya nüfusunun bir milyardan fazlasının hipertansiyonu olduğu tahmin edilmektedir. Ülkemizde ise erişkin nüfusun %31,2'sinde hipertansiyon görülmektedir. Hipertansiyon tedavisindeki amaç, ilişkili morbiditelerin ve mortalitenin azaltılması ve engellenmesidir. Hipertansiyon tedavisinde kullanılabilecek birçok ilaç bulunmasına rağmen hastaların büyük çoğunluğunda önerilen kan basıncı hedeflerine ulaşılamadığı önemli bir gerçektir. Hipertansiyon tedavisinde tek başına veya ilaç tedavisi ile kombine edilen düzenli egzersizin önemli bir yeri vardır. Bu derlemenin amacı; hipertansiyon tedavisinde farklı egzersiz modellerinin kan basıncına etkisi, potansiyel fizyolojik mekanizmalarının açıklanması ve hipertansiyonlu bireyler için egzersiz reçetesi önerilerinin sunulmasıdır. Sonuç olarak; hipertansiyonu olan bireylerde aerobik egzersiz genel sağlığı iyileştirir, kan basıncını düşürür ve olası kardiyovasküler olayları ve mortaliteyi azaltır. Egzersize başlamak isteyen hipertansif kişilerde kardiovasküler riski azaltmak için tarama önerileri, egzersiz reçeteleri ve özel hususlar bir kılavuz olarak sunulmaktadır. Hipertansiyon tedavisi için aerobik egzersiz; haftada 3-5 gün, 20- 60 dk, %40-70 VO2 yoğunluğunda önerilmektedir. Kas dayanıklılığını artıran direnç egzersizleri güvenli sınırlar içinde kaldığı sürece hipertansif hastalarda haftada 2-3 gün egzersiz rejimine entegre edilebilir. Yüksek yoğunlukta aralıklı antrenman ve izometrik direnç egzersizleri kan basıncını düşürmedeki görünür faydalarına rağmen, antihipertansif tedavide yeterince kullanılmamaktadır. Bu egzersizlerinde hipertansif bireylerin egzersiz reçetesine dâhil edilmesi etkili tedavi için önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Egzersiz; egzersiz testi; hipertansiyon; egzersiz sonrası hipotansiyon
ABSTRACT
 Hypertension is a leading major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and early death worldwide. It is estimated that more than one billion of the world population is hypertensive. In our country, hypertension is observed in 31.2% of the adult population. The aim of hypertension treatment is to reduce and prevent associated morbidities and mortality. Although there are many drugs that can be used in the treatment of hypertension, it is an important fact that the recommended blood pressure targets are not achieved in the majority of patients. Regular exercise alone or in combination with medication has an important role in the treatment of hypertension. The aim of this review is to describe the effects of different exercise models on blood pressure in the treatment of hypertension, to explain their potential physiologic mechanisms, and to provide exercise prescription recommendations for individuals with hypertension. In conclusion, aerobic exercise in individuals with hypertension improves general health, lowers blood pressure and reduces potential cardiovascular events and mortality. Screening recommendations, exercise prescriptions and special considerations to reduce cardiovascular risk in people with hypertension who want to start exercising are presented as a guide. Aerobic exercise for the treatment of hypertension is recommended 3-5 days a week for 20-60 minutes at a maximum VO2 intensity of 40-70%. Resistance exercises that increase muscular endurance can be integrated into the exercise regimen 2-3 days a week in hypertensive patients as long as they remain within safe limits. Despite the apparent benefits of high-intensity interval training and isometric resistance exercises in lowering blood pressure, they are underutilized in anti-hypertensive therapy. Inclusion of these exercises in the exercise prescription of hypertensive individuals is recommended for effective treatment.

Keywords: Exercise; exercise test; hypertension; post-exercise hypotension
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5. PROPRIETARY RIGHTS

5.1. The information accessed through this "SITE" or provided by the users legally and all the elements (including but not limited to design, text, image, html code and other codes) of the "SITE" (all of them will be called as studies tied to "Turkiye Klinikleri"s copyrights) belongs to "Turkiye Klinikleri". Users do not have the right to resell, process, share, distribute, display or give someone permission to access or to use the "Turkiye Klinikleri" services, "Turkiye Klinikleri" information and the products under copyright protection by "Turkiye Klinikleri". Within hereby "Terms of Use" unless explicitly permitted by "Turkiye Klinikleri" nobody can reproduce, process, distribute or produce or prepare any study from those under "Turkiye Klinikleri" copyright protection.

5.2. Within hereby "Terms of Use", "Turkiye Klinikleri" reserves the rights for "Turkiye Klinikleri" services, "Turkiye Klinikleri" information, the products associated with "Turkiye Klinikleri" copyrights, "Turkiye Klinikleri" trademarks, "Turkiye Klinikleri" trade looks or its all rights for other entity and information it has through this website unless it is explicitly authorized by "Turkiye Klinikleri".

6. CHANGES IN THE TERMS OF USE

"Turkiye Klinikleri" in its sole discretion may change the hereby "Terms of Use" anytime announcing within the "SITE". The changed terms of the hereby "Terms of Use" will become valid when they are announced. Hereby "Terms of Use" cannot be changed by unilateral declarations of users.

7. FORCE MAJEURE

"Turkiye Klinikleri" is not responsible for executing late or never of this hereby "Terms of Use", privacy policy and "USER Contract" in any situation legally taken into account as force majeure. Being late or failure of performance or non-defaulting of this and similar cases like this will not be the case from the viewpoint of "Turkiye Klinikleri", and "Turkiye Klinikleri" will not have any damage liability for these situations. "Force majeure" term will be regarded as outside of the concerned party's reasonable control and any situation that "Turkiye Klinikleri" cannot prevent even though it shows due diligence. Also, force majeure situations include but not limited to natural disasters, rebellion, war, strike, communication problems, infrastructure and internet failure, power cut and bad weather conditions.

8. LAW AND AUTHORISATION TO FOLLOW

Turkish Law will be applied in practicing, interpreting the hereby "Terms of Use" and managing the emerging legal relationships within this "Terms of Use" in case of finding element of foreignness, except for the rules of Turkish conflict of laws. Ankara Courts and Enforcement Offices are entitled in any controversy happened or may happen due to hereby contract.

9. CLOSING AND AGREEMENT

Hereby "Terms of Use" come into force when announced in the "SITE" by "Turkiye Klinikleri". The users are regarded to agree to hereby contract terms by using the "SITE". "Turkiye Klinikleri" may change the contract terms and the changes will be come into force by specifying the version number and the date of change on time it is published in the "SITE".

 

30.03.2014

Privacy Policy

We recommend you to read the terms of use below before you visit our website. In case you agree these terms, following our rules will be to your favor. Please read our Terms of Use thoroughly.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com website belongs to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. and is designed in order to inform physicians in the field of health

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot reach to user’s identity, address, service providers or other information. The users may send this information to the website through forms if they would like to. However, www.turkiyeklinikleri.com may collect your hardware and software information. The information consists of your IP address, browser type, operating system, domain name, access time, and related websites. www.turkiyeklinikleri.com cannot sell the provided user information (your name, e-mail address, home and work address, phone number) to the third parties, publish it publicly, or keep it in the website. Gathered information has a directing feature to be a source for the website’s visitor profile, reporting and promotion of the services.

www.turkiyeklinikleri.com uses the taken information:

-To enhance, improve and maintain the quality of the website

-To generate visitor’s profile and statistical data

-To determine the tendency of the visitors on using our website

-To send print publications/correspondences

-To send press releases or notifications through e-mail

-To generate a list for an event or competition

By using www.turkiyeklinikleri.com you are considered to agree that;

-Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. cannot be hold responsible for any user’s illegal and immoral behavior,

-Terms of use may change from time to time,

-It is not responsible for other websites’ contents it cannot control or the harms they may cause although it uses the connection they provided.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. may block the website to users in the following events:

-Information with wrong, incomplete, deceiving or immoral expressions is recorded to the website,

-Proclamation, advertisement, announcement, libelous expressions are used against natural person or legal identity,

-During various attacks to the website,

-Disruption of the website because of a virus.

Written, visual and audible materials of the website, including the code and the software are under protection by legal legislation.

Without the written consent of Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. the information on the website cannot be downloaded, changed, reproduced, copied, republished, posted or distributed.

All rights of the software and the design of the website belong to Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc.

Ortadoğu Advertisement Presentation Publishing Tourism Education Architecture Industry and Trade Inc. will be pleased to hear your comments about our terms of use. Please share the subjects you think may enrich our website or if there is any problem regarding our website.

info@turkiyeklinikleri.com